Most Read articles

Published in last 1 year |  In last 2 years |  In last 3 years |  All

In last 2 years

Please wait a minute...


For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Identification of Differentially Expressed bHLH Genes in Maize under Drought‑Rewatering Treatments XIE Xiaowen, ZHANG Xinyue, FU Jiaxu, SHAO Jing, WEN Pengfei, WANG Tongchao, WEI Li Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (9): 33-44.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.09.004 Abstract （3012）      PDF （5798KB）（305）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore bHLH transcription factors related to drought resistance in maize（Zea mays），differentially expressed bHLH genes were identified under drought‑rewatering treatment，and physicochemical characteristics，phylogenetic evolution，chromosome distribution，gene duplication，gene structure，conserved motif，cis‑elements in promoter region and gene expression were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 51 differentially expressed bHLH genes were identified in maize under drought‑rewatering treatment，the amino acid number，molecular weight and isoelectric point of 51 bHLH proteins ranged from 80 to 705 aa，21.26 to 92.17 ku，and 4.54 to 12.41，respectively.bHLH genes were divided into 16 subgroups，Ⅺ subgroup was the largest，containing 9 bHLH proteins；Ⅵ，Ⅷ，Ⅸ and ⅩⅢ subgroups were the smallest，containing 1 bHLH protein each. bHLH genes were distributed unevenly on 10 chromosomes，among which 7 pairs of genes had replication relationships.The number of exons varied greatly，9 bHLH genes contained 1 exon，27 bHLH genes contained 2—5 exons，and 15 bHLH genes contained 6 or more exons；Motif 1 and Motif 2 appeared more frequently in the conserved motifs of bHLH protein，followed by Motif 3 and Motif 5，with Motif 6 and Motif 9 appeared least frequently.The promoter region of bHLH genes contained many cis‑acting elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress，such as ABRE，GARE‑motif，P‑box，AuxRR‑core，MBS，TGACG‑motif，CGTCA‑motif，TCA‑rich，TGA‑element and TCA‑element. Under drought‑rewatering treatment，51 bHLH genes exhibited different expression patterns，among them，14 genes such as ZmbHLH20，ZmbHLH25，ZmbHLH9，ZmbHLH137and ZmbHLH178 positively responded to drought stress，and 14 genes such as ZmbHLH58，ZmbHLH87，ZmbHLH36 and ZmbHLH106 negatively responded to drought stress，which were candidate genes for further study of drought response in maize bHLH family. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening of miRNAs Related to High Temperature Stress in Maize Pollen and Analysis of Their Target Genes LI Chuan, ZHANG Panpan, ZHANG Meiwei, NIU Jun, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, QIAO Jiangfang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (2): 1-16.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.02.001 Abstract （2320）      PDF （4835KB）（329）       Knowledge map    Save By using high⁃throughput miRNA sequencing technology，differentially expressed miRNAs were indentified in pollens of high heat tolerant maize variety Zhengdan 958 and low heat tolerant maize variety Xianyu 335 under high temperature stress at flowering stage，their target genes were predicted，and the enrichment analysis of genetic characteristics and metabolic pathways of these target genes were conducted. The results showed that a total of 818 miRNA precursor sequences were identified. Nineteen significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were screened in the group of Zhengdan 958 pollen under high temperature stress compared with the control pollen under normal condition(HT958 vs CK958). Among them，15 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated，4 miRNA sequences were down⁃regulated，and expression level difference of 3 miRNA sequences reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).The predicted results of target genes of 19 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 503 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，microtubule⁃based process，hosphorylation，positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase Ⅱ ，methylation and so on，and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were glutathione metabolism，carbon metabolism，arachidonic acid metabolism lycolysis/gluconeogenesis，folate biosynthesis and so on. Fiveteen significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the group of Xianyu 335 pollen under high temperature stress compared with the control pollen(HT335 vs CK335). Among them，7 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated,8 were down⁃regulated，and the expression level difference of 1 miRNA sequence reached highly significant level(P<0.01).The predicted results of target genes of 15 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 454 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，phosphorylation，protein phosphorylation,proteolysis，DNA repair and so on，and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were other glycan degradation,linoleic acid metabolism,metabolic pathways，thiamine metabolism，protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and so on.Eighty⁃five significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the group of Zhengdan 958 pollen under high temperature stress compared with Xianyu 335 pollen under high temperature stress(HT985 vs HT335). Among them，35 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated，50 were down⁃regulated，and expression level difference of 24 miRNA sequences reached extremely significant level(P<0.01). The predicted results of target genes of 85 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 2 286 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，phosphorylation,protein phosphorylation,proteolysis,transmembrane transport and so on，the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were sphingolipidmetabolism，starch and sucrose metabolism，other glycan degradation，metabolic pathways，cysteine and methionine metabolism and so on. Ninety⁃four significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the HT958 vs CK958 group compared with HT335 vs CK335 group. The predicted results of target genes of 94 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 4 569 gene transcripts were obtained.Among them，the expression level difference of 28 miRNA sequences showed extremely significant(P<0.01),including PC⁃3p⁃10069_1143C⁃3p⁃18335_646，zma⁃miR164f⁃5p and so on. The enriched GO biological process terms of target genes of 94 differentially expressed miRNA sequences included regulation of transcription,DNA⁃templated,phosphorylation,protein phosphorylation,protein transport,proteolysis and so on,and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum，ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes，spliceosome，sphingolipid metabolism，endocytosis and so on. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression and Functional Analysis of Maize Stress Response Gene ZmTPR1 CAO Liru, LIANG Xiaohan, MA Chenchen, YE Feiyu, PANG Yunyun, LI Weiya, ZHANG Xin, LU Xiaomin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 12-21.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.002 Abstract （1935）      PDF （2292KB）（203）       Knowledge map    Save On the basis of previous transcriptome sequencing of maize under drought‑rehydration treatment，ZmTPR1 （tetratricopeptide repeat 1）was identified in response to drought stress.Bioinformatics analysis was conducted，and expression pattern was analyzed in different tissues and under different stresses. The homologous gene AtTPR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana was knocked out by CRISPR‑Cas9 technology，the phenotype，physiological and biochemical indexes of homozygous mutant plants were analyzed under drought stress，and the function of this gene was preliminarily explored，which would provide genetic resources for breeding drought‑resistant maize varieties.The results showed that ZmTPR1 gene was located on chromosome 3 of maize，encoding 421 amino acids，containing a conserved coiled coil domain，and might be involved in the response of maize to plant hormones，drought and so on.ZmTPR1 gene expressed in all tissues of maize，with the highest expression level in young stems.Drought，high temperature，salt and nitrogen deficiency stresses could induce the expression of ZmTPR1 gene，and the expression level of ZmTPR1 gene was most up‑regulated after drought stress.The expression level of ZmTPR1 gene in drought‑resistant maize inbred line Zheng 36 was significantly higher than that in drought‑sensitive maize inbred line B73 after drought stress. Drought resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana decreased after AtTPR1 gene was knocked out，the growth of Attpr1 mutant was severely inhibited under drought stress，and the leaves were wilted or even dried out. At the same time，the relative water content，chlorophyll content，net photosynthetic rate，activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase significantly decreased，and the content of malondialdehyde significantly increased.In summary，ZmTPR1 gene is involved in the response of maize to various abiotic stresses，and plays an important role in drought stress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening of Kidney Bean Varieties for Safe Production in Cadmium Polluted Farmland of Northwest Guizhou CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu, LIU Guihua, WANG Li, JIANG Ya Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 51-60.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.006 Abstract （1657）      PDF （1385KB）（127）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the differences in the absorption and enrichment of cadmium（Cd） by different kidney bean varieties and the effects of varieties and environment on them，and to screen out the Cd low⁃enriched kidney bean varieties suitable for planting in northwestern Guizhou，13 local kidney bean varieties were used as materials，and in the Cd⁃contaminated farmland of L site and Y site in northwestern Guizhou，a field plot experiment was conducted.The results showed that the variety，the environment and interaction between variety and environment had extremely significant effects on yield and Cd content of kidney bean，respectively. There was significant difference in Cd content of different kidney bean varieties in the same place. The maximum value of Cd（in Hongpiqiuzijiadou） and the minimum value of Cd（in Bangda No.2） could be 10 times different in the same place.The bioconcentration factor（BCFCd）of Cd in soils for different kidney bean varieties in L site and Y site were 0.06%—0.0% and 0.13%—0.93%，respectively.The Cd content of 13 tested kidney bean varieties showed the safe level.The yield of Bangda No.2 was the highest among the 13 varieties，reaching 18 513.6 and 19 287.9 kg/ha in L and Y sites，respectively.In summary，13 kidney bean varieties can be used as recommended varieties for Cd⁃contaminated areas in northwestern Guizhou，and Bangda No.2 was preferred because of its high yield and low Cd content. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis on Chloroplast Genome of Paederia scandens WU Minhua, WU Zijian, YE Xiaoxia, TAN Jingyi, WANG Shen, HUANG Qionglin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 70-77.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.008 Abstract （1540）      PDF （6478KB）（112）       Knowledge map    Save To elucidate the structure and sequence characteristics of chloroplast genome from Paederia scandens，the chloroplast genome sequencing was performed using high‑throughput sequencing technology，and then acquired sequence was assembled，annotated and analyzed via bioinformatics procedures.The results demonstrated that the chloroplast genome of P.scandens was a circular quadripartite molecule with a length of 153 456 bp and encoded 133 genes.Altogether 54 simple sequence repeats were detected in the plastome and the A/T mononucleotide was main type.A total of 26 983 codons were searched out and those with end of A/T were frequently used.Sequence alignment demonstrated more divergence in non‑coding region among five Rubiaceae species including P.scandens.Phylogenetic tree revealed close relationship of various chloroplast genome sequences of P.scandens and clearly displayed the evolutionary position of P.scandens in Rubiaceae. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of TCP Transcription Factors in Artemisia annua and Analysis of Their Expression Patterns under MeJA Treatment MA Qiyang, SONG Ge Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (12): 62-74.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.12.007 Abstract （1426）      PDF （13374KB）（18）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the genome data of Artemisia annua，the TCP gene family members were identified，and their protein physicochemical properties，evolutionary relationships，and cis‑acting elements were analyzed. Transcriptome data were used to analyze the expression pattern of TCP transcription factors in Artemisia annua under different light treatments，and qRT‑PCR was used to detect their expression under methyl jasmonate（MeJA）treatment.The results showed that a total of 29 TCP genes（AaTCPs）were identified. AaTCPs differed greatly in protein physicochemical properties，in which the number of amino acids and protein molecular mass ranged from 132 to 443 and 14.60 to 47.86 ku，respectively，and the isoelectric points，instability indices，and fat coefficients were in the ranges of 5.67 to 9.99，33.28 to 69.77，and 51.70 to 77.40，respectively，and all of them were nuclear proteins.Phylogenetic relationships showed that AaTCPs could be classified into class Ⅰ（11）and class Ⅱ（18），unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes.The Motif number of AaTCPs ranged from 1 to 7，all of them contained one conserved TCP2 structural domain，and a large number of light‑，hormone‑，and stress‑responsive elements were present in their promoters.Protein interaction predictions revealed tight interactions among the protein members of AaTCPs except for AaTCP12 and AaTCP8.Transcriptome data showed that the expression levels of AaTCPs varied under different light treatments，and the expression of most genes was induced by light. qRT‑PCR analysis revealed that the expression of AaTCPs all increased to different degrees under MeJA treatment，showing dynamic changes with the extension of treatment time.In summary，the AaTCP gene family plays a significant role in light regulation and hormone response processes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Soybean and Maize Stubbles on Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Winter Wheat Rhizosphere Soil GUO Hui, LIAN Yanhao, ZHAO Zhibo, REN Yongzhe, WANG Zhiqiang, LIN Tongbao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (7): 79-89.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.009 Abstract （1409）      PDF （3686KB）（190）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the differences in the effects of maize stubble and soybean stubble in the Huang‑Huai‑Hai area，in 2023，rhizosphere soil samples at the jointing stage of winter wheat were collected under the conditions of long‑term positioning test fields for up to 4 years（2019—2023）.The responses of rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure and function to no nitrogen application（N0）and conventional nitrogen application（N240，pure nitrogen 240 kg/ha） were studied by using 16S high‑throughput sequencing technology combined with Tax4Fun2 function prediction analysis in the jointing stage of winter wheat under maize（M）stubble and soybean（S）stubble，respectively.There were four treatments（MN0，SN0，MN240，SN240）in total.The results showed that，at the phylum level，Proteobacteria，Acidobacteria，Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteriota were the dominant rhizosphere bacteria of winter wheat with a relative abundance of 66.66%—69.56%.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in S stubble was significantly increased by 19.10% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05），and under N240 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in S stubble was significantly increased by 11.90% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）.At the order level，Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales were the dominant bacteria with a relative abundance of 18.42%—19.68%. Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Vicinamibacterales in S stubble was significantly reduced by 13.69% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）；The relative abundance of Burkholderiales was increased significantly by 11.31%（P<0.05）.Through the Tax4Fun2 function prediction and the KEGG data comparison，it was found that there were significant differences in the relative abundance of seven functional pathways under the metabolism category under N0 nitrogen application rate（P<0.05），and correlation analysis further revealed that there was a significant correlation between Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales and amino acid metabolism pathways（P<0.01）.There were 26 functional genes involved in soil nitrogen cycling pathway in winter wheat soil bacteria，and the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes accounted for the largest proportion.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes norB，norC and nirS in M stubble was significantly higher than that in S stubble（P<0.05）.In conclusion，the stubble causes the soil bacterial community structure of winter wheat to change under different amount of nitrogen. Different stubble affects the nitrogen metabolism function of bacterial community by changing the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial community. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishment of Callus Induction and Regeneration System of Cyperus esculentus ZHU Yajing, ZHANG Xiangge, XU Xinran, HU Haiyan, CHENG Shan, CHEN Chen, LI Chunxin, SONG Wanxian, SONG Wenxu, WANG Huiwei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (10): 73-81.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.009 Abstract （1402）      PDF （3147KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Save In order to establish an efficient callus induction and regeneration system of Cyperus esculentus,the explants（young root,young leaf,young leaf sheath and tillering node)for callus induction were screened,and the effects of different plant growth regulator combinations on callus induction,proliferation and differentiation were explored.The results showed that the best explant for callus induction of Cyperus esculentus was tillering node;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus induction was 2.5 mg/L 2,4⁃D+0.6 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.6 mg/L NAA+0.9 mg/L ZT,and the induction rate could reach 65.58%;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus proliferation was 0.5 mg/L 2,4⁃D+0.9 mg/L 6⁃BA+1.2 mg/L NAA+1.2 mg/L ZT,and the proliferation rate could reach 68.12%;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus differentiation was 0.9 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.6 mg/L NAA,and the differentiation rate could reach 66.67%.In this study,the best explants suitable for callus induction of Cyperus esculentus were screened,and the conditions of callus induction,proliferation and differentiation of Cyperus esculentus were optimized,which could lay a foundation for the subsequent research and breeding application of biotechnology such as somatic hybridization and genetic transformation of Cyperus esculentus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Growth Response and Tolerance Evaluation of 32 Spinach Varieties to Cadmium Stress MIAO Mingjun, LI Jiajia, LEI Xiaokui, LIN Yang, LIAO Jichao, ZHONG Jian, LI Ju, LI Yuejian, CHANG Wei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 108-116.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.011 Abstract （1312）      PDF （2257KB）（51）       Knowledge map    Save Cadmium(Cd)is a highly toxic heavy metal element.To identify Cd‑tolerant spinach varieties and screen related identification indexes,and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of Cd‑tolerant varieties,in the present study,we conducted a hydroponic experiment using 32 spinach varieties in China.The spinach was exposed to Cd stress(Cd concentration of 50 μmol/L)for 20 days,while the other group of plants was treated as a control(Cd concentration of 0 μmol/L).After the plants reached maturity,we measured the agronomic traits and Cd content.The integrated Cd tolerance of each spinach variety was evaluated by principal component analysis,affiliation function analysis,and correlation analysis.The results showed that plant height,root length,underground fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,aboveground Cd content,underground Cd content and translocation coefficient of the participating varieties under Cd stress conditions were significantly different from the control.Under Cd stress,the growth and biomass accumulation of spinach were inhibited,and the indicators of each trait decreased significantly.The order of average reduction of each agronomic index was aboveground fresh weight>plant height>underground fresh weight>root length.The principal component analysis of Cd stress tolerance index of the seven indexes was performed,and three principal components were selected，with a cumulative variance contribution of 81.552%;The composite evaluation value(D value)showed highly significant positive correlations(P<0.01)with plant height,underground fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,aboveground Cd content,and translocation coefficient,which can be used as the preferred indexes for the evaluation of Cd tolerance in spinach.Based on the principal component analysis,we classified the 32 spinach varieties into three categories:Cd‑tolerant,moderate,and Cd‑sensitive varieties.Among the varieties tested,Jin’ge and Micro orchid exhibited strong Cd tolerance,while Desai 176 was found to be Cd‑sensitive. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Filling Characteristics of Grains at Different Positions of Maize Ear ZHANG Panpan, LI Chuan, ZHANG Meiwei, YU Xiaohong, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, QIAO Jiangfang, ZHANG Guitang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 16-27.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.002 Abstract （1220）      PDF （1837KB）（56）       Knowledge map    Save The high Zn efficiency variety Zhengdan 958(ZD958)and Zn no‑sensitive variety Longping 638(LP638)were used as materials.The field plot experiment was conducted with three N rates[225 kg/ha(HN),180 kg/ha(MN)and 90 kg/ha(LN)]and two foliar Zn treatments［no Zn(F0),spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage(F1)],and the effects of N and Zn application on the filling characteristics of grains at different positions and their relationship with grain yield of different Zn efficiency varieties were studied,so as to provide reference for N and Zn application in the maize production.The results showed that HN treatment had the highest yield,followed by MN treatment,and there was no significant difference between HN treatment and MN treatment.HN treatment increased grain weight at different positions.MN treatment delayed the time with the maximum grain‑filling rate(TGmax)at different positions,and increased the maximum grain‑filling rate(Gmax)at upper position and active grain‑filling period(D)at basal position of ZD958 ear,while HN treatment delayed TGmax,prolonged D of different positions,and enhanced the grain weight with the maximum grain‑filling rate(WGmax)at upper and basal positions of LP638 ear,thus increasing grain yield.Compared with F0 treatment,F1 treatment significantly decreased the bare tip length by 9.9%,significantly increased the yield by 2.0%,increased the grain weight,extended D and postponed TGmax at upper and basal positions of ZD958 ear,and increased WGmax.The grain yield was significantly positively correlated with TGmax at basal position of ear,and the grain weight at middle position of ear was extremely significantly positively correlated with the grain weight at basal position of ear.To sum up,applying 180 kg/ha N and spraying 4.5 kg/ha Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage can delay TGmax at upper and basal positions of ear，extend D,and increase WGmax and grain weight of high Zn efficiency maize genotype,thus promoting the increase of yield. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of Crop Leaf Diseases Based on Improved MobileNetV2 Model WANG Huanxin, SHEN Zhihao, LIU Quan, LIU Jinjiang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (4): 143-151.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.04.017 Abstract （1213）      PDF （2715KB）（342）       Knowledge map    Save In order to achieve convenient recognition of crop leaf disease images based on mobile，improve the efficiency of crop disease recognition and thus better guide crop disease control，a crop disease recognition model was established based on an improved lightweight convolutional neural network MobileNetV2.First，a crop dataset containing 15 types of diseased leaves and 4 types of healthy leaves was created and the data was balanced using data enhancement operations.Second，based on the improvement of MobileNetV2，efficient channel attention（ECA）and attentional feature fusion（AFF）were introduced，and the redundant layers were removed by model pruning，and a high⁃performance lightweight crop disease recognition model was proposed.The results showed that the number of parameters of the improved MobileNetV2 model was reduced by 15.37% compared with that of MobileNetV2，while the recognition accuracy was improved by 0.9 percentage points to 98.4% compared with that before the improvement.Compared with the classical convolutional neural network models such as EfficientNet⁃b0 and ShuffleNetV2⁃0. 5X，the improved model not only had the highest recognition accuracy，but also had a faster convergence rate during training. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of HSF Gene Family in Eucommia ulmoides and Its Expression Analysis under Adverse Stresses WU Shujuan, XU Feng, WANG Guangan, WANG Chen Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 46-56.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.005 Abstract （1149）      PDF （6355KB）（117）       Knowledge map    Save Heat shock transcription factors（HSFs）play important roles in plant growth and development and in response to abiotic stresses.In order to understand the information of HSF gene family members in Eucommia ulmoides and reveal the structural characteristics and expression patterns of EuHSFs,this study analyzed the physicochemical properties,protein structure,phylogeny,gene structure,conserved domains,promoter cis‑acting elements,and the expression patterns of EuHSF genes in different developmental periods and abiotic stresses by bioinformatics methods and qRT‑PCR.The results showed that a total of 21 EuHSF genes were identified from Eucommia ulmoides,which differed in protein properties,with amino acid numbers,protein theoretical molecular masses,isoelectric points and instability coefficients ranging from 68—369,7.72—42.06 ku,4.31—9.22,and 7.05—67.28,respectively,and mainly consisted of acidic,hydrophilic,and unstable nuclear proteins.Phylogeneticanalysis showed that EuHSFs were divided into three subgroups,including ClassⅠ(1 EuHSF),ClassⅡ(7 EuHSFs)and ClassⅢ(13 EuHSFs),and promoter cis‑acting element analysis revealed that a large number of light‑responsive and hormone‑responsive elements in EuHSF genes.In addition,EuHSF genes were expressed at different developmental periods in Eucommia ulmoides leaves,but there were significant differences in the expression patterns. qRT‑PCR revealed that all EuHSFs responded to different abiotic stresses(high temperature,low temperature,high salinity,and drought),e.g.,most of the EuHSFs showed elevated expression under high‑temperature stress with the prolongation of the treatment time，and they were strongly responsive to both high and low temperatures.In summary,the EuHSF gene family has the function of regulating plant response to abiotic stresses. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Tissue Screening and Condition Optimization of Protoplast Preparation of Cyperus esculentus ZHANG Xiangge, ZHU Yajing, LU Lili, SONG Wanxian, ZHANG Xinyou, HU Haiyan, YU Meiqin, LI Juzheng, WANG Huiwei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (12): 49-56.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.006 Abstract （1143）      PDF （2734KB）（88）       Knowledge map    Save In order to obtain Cyperus esculentus protoplasts efficiently，the tissue parts including young shoots，young roots，young leaves，young leaf sheaths，tillering nodes and stolons were screened for protoplast preparation by single factor test method，and the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions such as enzyme combination dosage，enzymatic hydrolysis time，osmotic pressure stabilizer dosage and pH value of the enzyme solution were also optimized.The results showed that the best tissue part for protoplast preparation of Cyperus esculentus was young tillering node；and the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows：the enzyme combination dosage was 2.0% cellulase+0.9% macerozyme，the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 6 h，the osmotic pressure stabilizer（mannitol）dosage was 11%，and the pH value of the enzyme solution was 6.0.Under these conditions，0.2 g of Cyperus esculentus tillering nodes were added to 4 mL of enzyme solution，and then the protoplast yield could reach 22.91×105 per gram and the protoplast activity could reach 90.72%.In this study，an efficient method for protoplast preparation of Cyperus esculentus was obtained，which could lay a foundation for subsequent protoplast fusion，germplasm innovation and hybrid breeding of Cyperus esculentus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Biochar on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure of Flue‑cured Tobacco Varieties with Different Resistance to Black Shank Disease REN Zhichao, LI Xiang, LI Xianfeng, WU Lili, WANG Jing, PENG Zhiliang, LIU Guoshun, YIN Quanyu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 105-115.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.012 Abstract （1112）      PDF （5609KB）（91）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effect of biochar on the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease，and to provide theoretical basis for regulating tobacco microenvironment and comprehensively controlling black shank disease，pot experiments were conducted with different flue‑cured tobacco varieties Jingyehuang（highly susceptible variety），K326（moderately resistant variety）and NC82（highly resistant variety）as materials，and no tobacco cultivation was used as control（CK）.Two levels of biochar and no biochar were set up，with a total of eight treatments，and the effect of biochar on fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank was explored by high‑throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that，after applying biochar，the incidence and disease index of black shank disease of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease were significantly reduced，and the control effects for highly susceptible variety Jingyehuang，moderately resistant variety K326 and highly resistant variety NC82 were 56.52%，31.00% and 27.00% respectively. Under the condition of no biochar application，the fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil of high‑resistance variety NC82 and high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang was relatively higher，while that of middle‑resistance variety K326 was relatively lower. After biochar application，the fungal diversity of middle‑resistance variety K326 increased significantly，while the fungal diversity of high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang and high‑resistance variety NC82 decreased in different degrees. LefSe analysis showed that the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil of different resistant flue‑cured tobacco varieties were significantly different without biochar application，and the application of biochar changed the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil，with obvious differences among varieties. PCoA analysis showed that under the condition of no biochar application，compared with the soil without tobacco planting，the sample points of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties were obviously separate，and the application of biochar changed the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties.To sum up，applying biochar can significantly reduce the occurrence of tobacco black shank disease.The rhizosphere soil fungal community structure of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease has different responses to biochar input. In production，variety factors should be considered when using biochar to improve soil and tobacco microecological environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Rice Phenotypic Parameters Extraction and Biomass Estimation Based on Three⁃Dimensional Model CHENG Zhiqiang, FANG Shenghui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (7): 144-153.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.07.015 Abstract （1102）      PDF （6848KB）（389）       Knowledge map    Save The phenotype detection methods based on two⁃dimensional images lack spatial dimension information and have difficulty in extracting comprehensive rice phenotype parameters.Therefore，it is of great significance to establish a three⁃dimensional model of rice to extract comprehensive rice phenotype parameters.The volume is an important parameter indicating the growth status of rice. How to obtain rice volume parameters without damaging the rice plant is still a problem to be solved in current research.Based on the above considerations，a method of rice phenotypic parameters extraction and biomass estimation based on three⁃dimensional model is proposed in this paper，which can extract rice volume parameters and estimate rice biomass without damaging the rice plant.This study focused on potted rice，first reconstructed its three⁃dimensional model using the Alpha⁃shape algorithm，and then extracted and evaluated rice height，stem thickness，vegetation coverage，volume parameters，and estimated rice biomass based on the volume parameter.The experimental results showed that space carving could reconstruct a high⁃precision three⁃dimensional model of rice and accurately measure rice phenotype parameters and biomass，the RMSE and MAPE of rice height，stem thickness，and single plant vegetation coverage were 63.27 mm，4.01 mm，5.04% and 7.15%，14.91%，12.59%，and the RMSE and MAPE of rice biomass were 62.44 g and 19.25%，which were better than the results obtained by existing three⁃dimensional reconstruction software. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Foliar Spraying of Na2SiO3 on the Yield，Quality and Cd Uptake of Pod Pepper CHAI Guanqun, SUI Yanfeng, YANG Fan, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (7): 109-116.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.07.011 Abstract （1067）      PDF （1319KB）（132）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of foliar spraying of 0，3，5 mmol/L（CK，Si3，Si5）Na2SiO3 solution on the yield，quality and Cd absorption and transport capacity of Capsicum annuum L.under 0.3 mg/L Cd stress were investigated by hydroponic experiment，in order to provide scientific basis for the development of foliar inhibitors.The results showed that with the increase of the dosage of Na2SiO3，the biomass of all parts of pod pepper cultivar‘Qing Hong Yuan Shuai’increased. Compared with CK，Si5treatment significantly increased the biomass of all parts，the fresh and dry weight of fruits increased by 16.29% and 15.26%，respectively，and the dry weight of whole plant increased by 21.35%.With the increase of the dosage of Na2SiO3，the contents of soluble sugar，soluble protein，amino acid，vitamin C（Vc）and capsaicin showed increasing trend，and Si5 treatment significantly improved the quality.The order of Cd content in different parts of each treatment was as follows：leaves on main stems>roots>leaves on fork stems>fruits>main stems>fork stems. Compared with CK，foliar spraying of Na2SiO3 solution promoted the decrease of Cd content in all parts of pepper，and the decrease extents of Cd content in fruits with Si3 and Si5 were 11.30%，28.69%，respectively.The difference of Cd accumulation in the whole plant of each treatment was not significant. With the increase of Na2SiO3 concentration，the Cd accumulation in fruits decreased significantly，and the Cd accumulation in stems，leaves and roots increased significantly.Compared with CK，the Cd accumulation in fruits of Si5 treatment decreased by 19.43%. Compared with CK，foliar application of Na2SiO3 solution significantly reduced the transfer efficiency of Cd from roots，fork stems，main stems and leaves of main stems，stem and leaf to fruits（TFfruit/root，TFfruit/fork stem，TFfruit/main stem，TFfruit/leaf of main stem，TFfruit/stem and leaf）.Spraying Na2SiO3solution on the leaves increased the accumulation ability of Cd in the stems，leaves and roots of pod pepper cultivar‘Qing Hong Yuan Shuai’，and limited the transport of Cd from vegetative organs（stems，leaves and roots）to fruits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cabbage Yield and Nutrient Utilization under Substitution of Organic Manure for Fertilizer in Vegetable‑Rice Rotation in Lateritic Red Soil ZHANG Licheng, LI Juan, ZHANG Mingqing, GU Zuchao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (8): 87-95.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.08.010 Abstract （1062）      PDF （1265KB）（116）       Knowledge map    Save In order to improve the efficiency of fertilizer utilization，the cabbage breed Zhonggan 8 was taken as the test material，and field experiments were carried out in the vegetable‑rice rotation area in southern Fujian with five fertilization treatments（customary fertilization，recommended fertilization，organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer，organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer，organic manure substitution of 100% fertilizer） and no fertilization treatment（control，CK）.The effects of different treatments on yield and nutrient utilization of cabbage were studied.The results showed that substitution of organic manure for fertilizer could promote the growth of cabbage ball.The weight and compactness of cabbage ball in organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Through the analysis of cabbage yield under different fertilization treatments，the highest yield was 3 824.13 kg/ha in the treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer，which was significantly higher than that in the treatment of organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer，organic manure substitution of 100% fertilizer，customary fertilization and no fertilization，but compared with the recommended fertilization treatment there was no significant difference.The treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer and the treatment of organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer had higher nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates，which were 40.82% and 30.82% respectively.Compared with the customary fertilization，the treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer increased the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of cabbage by 13.14 percentage point.By comprehensive analysis of cabbage yield and nutrient utilization efficiency，organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer is recommended as the application amount in cabbage production of vegetable and rice rotation in the lateritic red soil of southern Fujian Province. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Influence of Temperature and Moisture Content on Thermophysical Properties of Tobacco Leaves and Establishment of Prediction Models CHEN Jiading, HE Rong, XIAO Qingli, YUAN Ming, TAN Qizhong, PENG Kui, WEI Shuo, LI Shengchun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 172-180.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.018 Abstract （1055）      PDF （3074KB）（391）       Knowledge map    Save In order to comprehensively understand the thermophysical properties of different components of tobacco leaves and provide reference for the design of thermal processing technology such as baking，moisture regain and redrying，the thermal diffusion coefficient，thermal conductivity and mass specific heat capacity of post⁃baking tobacco leaves and main veins were measured by the thermal probe method under the temperature from 10 to 70℃ and moisture content from 5% to 30%，respectively，and the variation pattern was analyzed.The correlation between temperature，moisture content and the values of thermophysical properties of tobacco leaves was fitted in the form of exponential function with the help of MATLAB software to construct an empirical mathematical model of the thermophysical properties of tobacco leaves，which was verified by experiments.The results showed that，（1）The density of tobacco leaves and main veins increased with the increase of moisture content.When the moisture content was 5%—30%，the density of leaves was 562.79—684.84 kg/m3，and the density of main veins was 908.83 to 1 045.51 kg/m3；（2）The increase of temperature and moisture content would increase the thermal diffusion coefficient of tobacco leaves and main veins，and the contribution rate of moisture content was greater.The thermal diffusion coefficient of leaves was 0.092 33—0.219 00 mm2/s，and the thermal diffusion coefficient of main veins was 0.088 67—0.149 00 mm2/s；（3）The thermal conductivity of tobacco leaves and main veins increased with the increase of temperature and moisture content.The thermal conductivity of leaves was 0.088 13—0.435 37 W（/m·K），and the thermal conductivity of main veins was 0.160 70—0.388 83 W（/m·K）；（4）The mass specific heat capacity of tobacco leaves and main veins was mainly positively related to the moisture content. The mass specific heat capacity of tobacco leaves was 1 520.623 44—3 123.569 52 J（/kg·K），and the mass specific heat capacity of main veins was 1 618.828 08—2 563.703 20 J（/kg·K）.（5）For verifying the fitted empirical model，R2 was between 0.93 and 0.99.In summary，the thermophysical properties of leaves and main veins differed greatly，and the fitted exponential function could be used as an empirical mathematical model for calculating the corresponding thermophysical property parameters of tobacco leaves and main veins. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Apple Leaf Diseases Identification Based on Improved Residual Network CHEN Cong, YU Xiao, GONG Qi Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (4): 152-161.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.04.018 Abstract （1053）      PDF （5367KB）（378）       Knowledge map    Save Apple leaf diseases are similar in morphology and different in spot size，and traditional methods relying on labor and agricultural experts to identify them are inefficient. In view of this，this study proposed an apple disease identification model REP⁃ResNet based on improved residual network.This model was improved by adopting the order adjustment of residual structure（that was bath normalization，activation function，convolutional layer），and adding the efficient channel attention and parallel convolution based on the baseline model ResNet⁃50.During the training process，the model weight parameters pretrained in the public dataset PlantVillage were transferred to the above network model for retraining，which aimed to accelerate the convergence speed of the network and improve the recognition ability of the model.Data expansion was used to solve the problem of uneven samples during training.The results showed that the recognition accuracy of the REP⁃ResNet model was 2.41 percentage points higher than that of the benchmark network model.The model was trained by transfer learning，and the accuracy rate of apple leaf disease recognition in complex backgrounds reached 97. 69%. Compared with traditional convolutional neural networks，the recognition effect was greatly improved. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification and Expression Analysis of HD‑ZIP Family in Salvia miltiorrhiza LI Wan, CHENG Ruixing, DANG Xin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (7): 66-78.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.008 Abstract （1021）      PDF （6842KB）（121）       Knowledge map    Save To screen HD‑ZIP genes（SmHD‑ZIPs）in Salvia miltiorrhiza in response to high temperature stress，SmHD‑ZIPs were identified and analyzed by bioinformatics，and the expression pattern of SmHD‑ZIPs under high temperature stress was detected by qPCR. The results showed that there were 44 HD‑ZIP genes in S.miltiorrhiza，most of which were unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes. SmHD‑ZIPs could be divided into four subfamilies：HD‑ZIP Ⅰ，HD‑ZIP Ⅱ，HD‑ZIP Ⅲ，HD‑ZIP Ⅳ. The sequence analysis results showed that the amino acid residues of these proteins ranged from 180 to 982，and the relative molecular weight of these proteins ranged from 20. 947 ku to 109. 620 ku. SmHD‑ZIPs were hydrophilic proteins without transmembrane domain，and most of them did not contain signal peptides.The isoelectric points of SmHD‑ZIPs were between 4. 48 and 10. 91，and they were almost expressed in the nucleus with the poor protein stability. Among the 44 SmHD‑ZIP genes，there were 10 gene duplication events，all of which were purified selection. The results of structure and motif analysis showed that the exon number of members of the same subfamily was basically the same，and the members of HD‑ZIP Ⅲ subfamily had the largest exon number and the largest motif number. Motifs 1 and 6 were conserved motifs of SmHD‑ZIP，motifs 10，11，12，13 and 15 was unique to the HD‑ZIP Ⅲ subfamily，while motif 5 were unique to the HD‑ZIP IV subfamily. By analyzing the expression patterns of SmHD‑ZIPs under high temperature（37℃）stress，it was found that the number of genes with increased and decreased expression was basically the same. Among the genes with up‑regulated expression，the expression levels of SmHD‑ZIP1.11，SmHD‑ZIP1.13，SmHD‑ZIP2.2，SmHD‑ZIP2.5，SmHD‑ZIP3.1，SmHD‑ZIP3.4，SmHD‑ZIP4.9，SmHD‑ZIP4.10 and SmHD‑ZIP4.12 were increased by more than 10 times，which could be used as candidate gene resources to improve the heat resistance of S.miltiorrhiza. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Complete Gene Sequencing of Bacilus subtilis Isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa and Study of Genes Related to Growth‑promoting Effects LA Guixiao, WANG Linlin, GUO Junqi, ZHAO Yulong, GUO Hongxia, JIA Hui, YANG Tiegang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (12): 75-85.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.12.008 Abstract （1016）      PDF （3510KB）（27）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the genes associated with the growth‑promoting effects of Bacillus subtilis in Rehmannia glutinosa，whole genome sequencing was performed in this study and the genes associated with the growth‑promoting effects were discovered through functional annotation.The results showed that the genome size of Bacillus subtilis，an endophytic growth‑promoting bacterium of Rehmannia glutinosa，was 4 310 699 bp，with a GC content of 43.44%，and a total of 4 521 predicted coding genes.A total of 3 013，3 354，4 395，206，52，and 212 functional genes were annotated in the clusters of orthologous groups（COG） ，gene ontology（GO） ，kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） ，carbohydrate‑active enzymes（CAZyme），comprehensive antibiotic resistance database（CARD），and virulence factor database（VFDB），respectively.The annotation results indicated that there were 46 genes related to growth‑promoting function，with the majority of these genes involved in phosphorus solubilization，nitrogen fixation，and iron carrier processes.In the meantime，anti‑SMASH predicted that a total of 409 genes were enriched into 12 secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters，with the majority encoding eight repressors，including fengycin，1‑carbapen‑2‑em‑3‑carboxylic acid，bacillaene，bacilysin，subtilosin A，surfactin，pulcherriminic acid，and bacillibactin.Among these，pulcherriminic acid and bacillibactin had been observed to facilitate the chelation of ferric ions in the surrounding environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Accumulation Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Grains of Different Wheat Varieties in Contaminated Calcareous Soil WANG Qiuhong, SHI Qianru, PENG Aihua, SHANG Yanping, SUN Fawei, LIANG Xiaodong, YANG Suqin, ZHANG Biao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (10): 72-81.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.10.008 Abstract （994）      PDF （1705KB）（121）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen suitable wheat varieties for safe production in polluted soil，17 common wheat varieties were selected as test materials and cultivated in polluted calcareous soil in northern Henan Province. The accumulation status of heavy metals cadmium（Cd），lead（Pb），iron（Fe），manganese（Mn），copper（Cu）and zinc（Zn）in grains were compared，and available heavy metal content in the rhizosphere soil of each variety as well as its correlation with the elemental content of grains were analyzed.The results showed that the Cd content in the soil in the experimental site was 2.17 mg/kg，which belonged to safe utilization soil according to Soil Environmental Quality—Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land（GB 15618—2018）.There were significant differences in grain Cd content among different wheat varieties，B10 had the lowest Cd content（0.12 mg/kg），followed by YK048，and the grain Cd content of YZ4110 was the highest. Cd content in the grains of various wheat varieties all exceeded the limit value（0.10 mg/kg） in National Food Safety Standards—Limits for Pollutants in Food（GB 2762—2017）.In terms of Pb content in grains，there was no significant difference among varieties，and all of them were lower than the limit value（0.20 mg/kg）in National Food Safety Standards—Limits for Pollutants in Food（GB 2762—2017）. It was found that the ratio of available Cd to total Cd in the experimental site was relatively higher，reaching 46%. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between soil available Cd content and grain Cd content. Fe and Zn are antagonistic elements to Cd，amony the wheat varieties selected in this study，the ratio of total content of Fe and Zn to Cd content in the grains of Y048，B10，B4199 and X979 was higher. Therefore，they should be recommended as priority varieties，and soil control measures should be taken to achieve safe production. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Accumulation and Distribution of Mineral Elements in Plant of Maize Varieties with Different Zinc Efficiency ZHANG Panpan, QIAO Jiangfang, LI Chuan, ZHANG Meiwei, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, ZHOU Yanli, CHENG Zeqiang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (6): 1-10.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.06.001 Abstract （956）      PDF （2797KB）（132）       Knowledge map    Save With Zhengdan 958(ZD958)with high zinc(Zn)efficiency and Longping 638(LP638)with Zn insensitivity as materials,the field plot experiment was conducted with three nitrogen(N)rates[90 kg/ha(LN),180 kg/ha(MN)and 225 kg/ha(HN)]and two foliar Zn treatments[no Zn(F0),spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage(F1)]to analyze the effects of N and Zn application on content,accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in plant and grain yield of maize,so as to provide reference for N and Zn application in the maize production.The results showed that the highest copper(Cu)and Zn content in grain was found under MN treatment,with 1.82 mg/kg and 16.23 mg/kg,respectively.F1 treatment could increase the contents of N and Zn and Zn availability.The accumulation of N,phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)in plant was the highest in LP638 under MNF1 treatment;The highest accumulation of Cu and Zn was found in ZD958 under LNF1 treatment,while the highest accumulation of manganese(Mn)and iron(Fe)under HNF1 treatment.The highest proportion of N,P and Cu in grain was obtained in LP638 under HNF1 treatment;The higher proportion of Zn was found in ZD958 under HNF0 and LNF0 treatments.HN treatment had the highest grain yield with an average of 10.31 t/ha,followed by MN treatment,and LN treatment was the lowest.There was significantly positive correlation between P content and Mn content in grain of two varieties;K content was significantly positively correlated with Fe content and Zn content,but significantly negatively correlated with Cu content in LP638.To sum up,180 kg/ha N and spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage can increase Zn availability and accumulation of mineral elements in maize grain，promote the synchronous improvement of yield and mineral nutrition,and can be promoted in maize field production. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Combined Application on Absorption and Transport of Nitrogen and Zinc in Summer Maize Grain at Filling Stage ZHANG Panpan, QIAO Jiangfang, LI Chuan, ZHANG Meiwei, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, CEN Junjuan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (3): 17-32.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.03.002 Abstract （936）      PDF （1601KB）（98）       Knowledge map    Save Field experiment was conducted with three nitrogen（N）rates（225，180 and 90 kg/ha，named as HN，MN and LN，respectively）and four foliar spray stages of zinc（Zn）（no Zn，spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at seedling stage and jointing stage，spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage，and spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha at flare opening stage，named as Zn0，Zn1，Zn2 and Zn3，respectively）.The effect of N and Zn combined application on the absorption and transport of N and Zn in the grain of summer maize was studied at filling stage with ZD958 and GSY66 as materials，so as to provide the basis for fertilization of N and Zn in the production.The result showed that the N and Zn concentrations in grain generally decreased with the growth of plant.At mature stage，GSY66 of MNZn2 treatment had the highest N concentration in grain with 14.64 g/kg，while ZD958 of MNZn2 treatment had the highest N accumulation. GSY66 of MNZn3 treatment had higher Zn concentration and accumulation in grain.MN treatment had the highest N absorption and its contribution rate after anthesis with 50.42 kg/ha and 44.20% respectively，and the highest Zn transport amount with 61.68 g/ha；Zn2 treatment had the highest N absorption and its contribution rate after anthesis with 54.56 kg/ha and 44.31% respectively，and the highest contribution rate of Zn transport amount with 17.26%；under the above two treatments，the grain number per ear，1 000‐grain weight and yield were higher. There was significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation between N transport amount and absorption after anthesis of N and Zn.There was significantly or extremely significantly positive correlation between Zn absorption after anthesis and the concentrations of N and Zn in grain and N absorption after anthesis.To sum up，N application rate of 180 kg/ha and spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage can promote the absorption and transport of N and Zn at filling stage，increase the concentrations of N and Zn in grain，maintain the high yield，and realize synchronously increase of grain yield and Zn nutrition in the summer maize production. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on Spatio‑Temporal Variation of Climatic Suitability of Sesame Planting in Henan Province HU Feng, ZHANG Jiantao, ZHANG Jie, GAO Tongmei, ZHAO Qiaoli, ZHENG Guoqing, LI Guoqiang, LIU Lijie Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (8): 56-68.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.08.007 Abstract （930）      PDF （3493KB）（213）       Knowledge map    Save This study aimed to clarify the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the climatic suitability of sesame in Henan Province and to guide the layout of sesame production by establishing climate suitability models for sesame growth using fuzzy mathematics method based on the light，temperature，and water requirements of sesame.The temperature，light，precipitation，and comprehensive climate suitability of sesame were calculated using the daily meteorological data of 15 meteorological stations in Henan from 1961 to 2019.The results showed that temperature suitability（0.938—0.956）was higher than light suitability（0.568—0.657）and precipitation suitability（0.492—0.595）of sesame in 15 stations in Henan Province，and the comprehensive climate suitability was 0.641—0.712.From 1961 to 2019，the light and comprehensive climate suitability of sesame in Henan Province showed asignificant downward trend，decreasing by 0.032 and 0.012 every 10 years.The change trends of temperature and precipitation suitability were not significant.The light，precipitation，and comprehensive climate suitability decreased gradually from north to south，while the temperature suitability increased gradually from northwest to southeast. The findings suggest that the temperature suitability of Henan sesame is higher and the heat resources are rich，the light suitability is gradually decreasing and not conducive to the growth of sesame，the precipitation suitability is the lowest，and precipitation is the main climatic factor that restricts the production of sesame in Henan.In the production of Henan sesame，it is of great significance to consolidate the advantages of traditional sesame producing areas such as Zhumadian and Zhoukou in southeastern Henan，expand the planting range of high climate suitability areas such as northern and eastern Henan，improve the irrigation and drainage facilities to improve the utilization rate of sesame climate resources and ensure the stable yield and yield increase of Henan sesame. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of Citrus Diseases Based on Improved ShuffleNet V2 YU Yannan, MO Yongbin, YAN Jichi, XIONG Chunlin, DOU Shiqing, YANG Rongfeng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 142-151.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.016 Abstract （919）      PDF （3756KB）（163）       Knowledge map    Save Large convolutional neural networks are difficult to deploy in practical applications because of the complexity of models，while lightweight networks are often less accurate than the former because of the optimization of model structure. To solve these problems，ShuffleNet V2 was improved and a lightweight MAM‑ShuffleNet citrus disease recognition model was proposed. Firstly，the mixed attention module（MAM）was introduced in ShuffleNet V2 to improve the ability of the model to extract disease features. Secondly，Ghost module was used to optimize the convolutional layer in the network，which effectively reduced the number of network model parameters and calculation cost. Finally，the stacking times of ShuffleNet V2 unit in the network structure were adjusted to further simplify the network parameters. The results showed that the average recognition accuracy of MAM‑ShuffleNet model reached 97.7% in the self‑built citrus leaf data. Compared with the original ShuffleNet V2，the number of parameters was reduced by 45.7%，and the recognition accuracy was increased by 1.2 percentage points.The comprehensive performance was better than ResNet50 and DenseNet121 models. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Materials on Microbial Community in Winter Rapeseed⁃Maize Rotation in Yellow Soil WEI Quanquan, GU Xiaofeng, GOU Jiulan, ZHANG Meng, RAO Yong, XIAO Huagui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 41-50.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.005 Abstract （917）      PDF （6331KB）（161）       Knowledge map    Save To provide scientific basis for improving soil fertility and yield and quality of rape and maize in Guizhou province，the effect of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic materials on soil microbial community in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation in yellow soil was discussed. Long⁃term positioning experiment of different organic materials application was conducted in Guiyang City，Guizhou Province for four consecutive years from 2018 to 2021. Five treatments［no nitrogen fertilizer（T1，CK），normal nitrogen fertilizer（T2），and normal nitrogen fertilizer+ straw（T3），normal nitrogen fertilizer+ biochar（T4）and normal nitrogen fertilizer+commercial organic fertilizer（T5）］were set up，and soil samples were collected from different treatments after rapeseed harvest in May 2021 to study the effects of different treatments on soil microbial communities. The results showed that the number of bacterial OTU（operational taxonomic units）treated with T1—T5 was 3 557，3 413，3 315，3 452 and 3 468，and the number of fungal OTU was 1 530，1 196，1 488，1 428 and 1 579，respectively. Compared with T1 treatment，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials（T2—T5），the Chaol index and Shannon index of the soil bacterial community increased by 0.67%—7.79% and 0.30%—1.36%，the Simpson index decreased by 2.94%—11.76%. In the soil fungal community，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials，the Chaol index and Shannon index increased by 9.64%—20.66% and 29.55%—61.86%，respectively，and the Simpson index decreased by 55.83%—89.52%. Community abundance and LEfSe analysis showed that，compared to the T1 treatment，applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials altered the abundance of bacterial dominant species in soil.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria，Chloroflexi，and Actinobacteria increased by 1.74%—24.05%，9.03%—29.06% and2.13%—12.12%，respectively. The relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased by 17.78%—42.79% and 12.61%—14.68%，respectively.The relative abundance of Ascomycota，Mortierellomycota，Unclassified_k_Fungi，and Rozellomycota in soil decreased by 2.79%—41.84%，33.14%—54.85%，4.13%—69.97% and 37.64%—79.47%，respectively.The relative abundance of Basidiomycota increased by 29.78%—249.21%，and Fusarium decreased by 4.95%—55.77%.To sum up，nitrogen fertilizer and combined application of organic materials can the microbial environment and the microbial community composition and diversity of soil in yellow soil in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation.Combined application of organic materials can improve the soil microbial environment by improving the beneficial flora，reducing or inhibiting the harmful flora to a certain extent，thereby improving the soil fertility of yellow soil. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on the Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic and Quality Traits of 48 Germplasm Resources of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. WANG Xiaojie, LI Meixia, TAO Lei, ZHANG Bo, HE Xinru, MI Jia, DAI Guoli, XU Wendi Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (9): 78-90.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.09.008 Abstract （916）      PDF （3738KB）（224）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the genetic diversity of 18 phenotypic and quality traits（15 quantitative traits and 3 qualitative traits）of 48 germplasm resources of L.ruthenicum Murr.，descriptive statistics analysis，principal component analysis，correlation analysis and clustering analysis were performed.The results showed that the germplasm resources of L.ruthenicum Murr.were rich in genetic diversity.The genetic diversity index of quantitative traits was 1.431—2.095，and the variation coefficient was 19%—189%.The highest diversity index was longitudinal diameter of fruit，followed by transverse diameter of fruit，branch diameter，branch length，number of ripe fruits per branch and leaf width；The genetic diversityindex of quality traits was 0.745—1.007，the fruit shape had the highest diversity index，the diversity index of leaf shape was 0. 948，fruit color diversity index was 0.745.The results of the first six principal component analysis showed that longitudinal diameter of fruit，fruit color，leaf area，anthocyanin content，transverse diameter of fruit and branch diameter could be used as the main indexes to reflect the yield and quality of L.ruthenicum Murr.，with a cumulative contribution rate of 80.09%.The correlation analysis found that 15 pairs of traits reached the highly significant correlation level（P<0.01），and 14 pairs were positively correlated and 1 pair was negatively correlated，transverse diameter of fruit，average single fresh fruit weight and number of blades showed very significant positive correlation between each other（P<0.01），anthocyanin content，fruit color and number of ripe fruits per branch also showed very significant positive correlation between each other（P<0. 01），fruit stalk length and fruit shape，fruit color，anthocyanins concentration and branch diameter showed significant negative correlation（P<0. 01）.Based on genetic differences of traits between germplasms，48 germplasm resources were clustered into 6 categories，and the clustering results had a strong correlation with the distribution of sample communities.In conclusion，the genetic diversity of main phenotypic and quality traits in 48 germplasm resources of L.ruthenicum Murr.is rich. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Phytohormones and Chelating Agents on the Development and Remediation Effect of Portulaca oleracea L.under Cadmium Stress GUO Menglu, LI Jianqi, LU Yu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (9): 102-109.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.09.010 Abstract （843）      PDF （1458KB）（101）       Knowledge map    Save To study the effects of phytohormones and chelating agent EDTA combined treatment on the development and repair effect of Portulaca oleracea L.under cadmium（Cd）stress，three phytohormone and EDTA combined treatments were set under cadmium stress（FI：20 mg/L Cd+1.5 mg/L EDTA+100 mg/L IAA；FG：20 mg/L Cd+1.5 mg/L EDTA+500 mg/L GA；FS：20 mg/L Cd+1.5 mg/L EDTA+100 mg/L SA），with distilled water as blank control（CK），and 20 mg/L Cd treatment as Cd stress control（Cd），and seeds of Portulaca oleracea L.were soaked in different liquids.The seed germination potential，germination rate，seedling height，taproot length，fresh weight，as well as the accumulation and transport coefficient of Cd in various parts of the seedlings were measured.The results showed that compared with Cd stress control，the seed germination potential and germination rate of the three composite treatments were significantly increased.Among them，the FG treatment had the largest increase in germination potential and germination rate，with an increases of 19.24% and 25.31%，respectively.The seedling height，taproot length，and fresh weight all significantly increased，among them the FG treatment had the largest increase in seedling height and fresh weight，with increases of 47.95% and 35.91% compared with Cd stress control，respectively.The accumulation and translocation factor of Cd in the roots and shoots of Portulaca oleracea L.seedlings significantly increased.Among them，the accumulation and translocation factor of Cd in the shoots and roots of Portulaca oleracea L.seedlings treated with FG were the highest，2.31，2.94，and 2.33 times of those treated with Cd stress control，respectively.In summary，the combined treatment of phytohormones and EDTA can increase the germination potential and percentage of Portulaca oleracea L.seeds under Cd stress，increase the seedling height，taproot length，fresh weight，and increase the accumulation and translocation factor of Cd.Among them，the combined treatment of GA and EDTA has the best effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on Millet Disease Identification Based on Transfer Learning and Residual Network ZHANG Hongtao, LUO Yiming, TAN Lian, YANG Jiapeng, WANG Yu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (12): 162-171.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.018 Abstract （836）      PDF （2368KB）（143）       Knowledge map    Save A method of millet disease image recognition based on transfer learning and residual network（Residual CNN）was proposed for millet disease. First，the original sample set was established，whichwas composed of four kinds of disease images including millet white disease，blast，red leaf disease，rustdisease and normal millet leaf image.Then，the original image was segmented by using the maximum inter‐class variance method based on super green feature，the millet disease segmentation image dataset was established，and the dataset was extended. Finally，based on the expanded segmentation image data set of millet disease，the recognition model of millet disease was established by using the idea of transfer learning and residual network. The results showed that the recognition rate of this model reached 98.2%，which was 8.9 percentage points higher than that of the support vector machine（SVM）based millet disease recognition model，and the training time of this model was reduced by 17.69 min compared with that of the convolutional neural network（CNN） based millet disease recognition model.The results indicated that the recognition model of millet disease based on transfer learning and residual network could effectively identify the four kinds of millet leaf diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Metabolites Mining and Path Enrichment Analysis of Tigernut Tuber Formation GUO Xiaoyang, LA Guixiao, XU Xinran, YU Yange, DAI Dandan, LI Yanpeng, WANG Yanhong, GUO Hongxia, YANG Tiegang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (8): 30-43.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.08.004 Abstract （795）      PDF （4749KB）（137）       Knowledge map    Save In order to dig out the key metabolites in the process of forming tubers by the stolons of tigernut and regulate the stolons to form more tubers，the stolons and new tubers were taken as the research objects，and untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography Abstract：In order to dig out the key metabolites in the process of forming tubers by the stolons of tigernut and regulate the stolons to form more tubers，the stolons and new tubers were taken as the research objects，and untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography combined with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.And then，the differential metabolites related to the formation of tubers were screened by multivariate statistical method，and KEGG metabolic pathways associated with differential metabolites were enriched.The results showed that a total of 1 217 metabolites were detected in unexpanded stolons（PFJ1），expanded stolons（PFJ2）and new tubers（JD1）.According to the conditions of VIP（Variable importance in the projection）>1，P<0.05 and FC（Fold change）>2 or FC<0.5，35 differential metabolites were screened for JD1 vs PFJ1，of which 26 were up‑regulated and nine were down‑regulated；JD1 vs PFJ2 identified 57 differential metabolites，of which 50 were up‑regulated and seven were down‑regulated；PFJ2 vs PFJ1 identified 39 differential metabolites，of which three were up‑regulated and 36 down‑regulated. The metabolites were identified as amino acids and their derivatives，nucleotides and their derivatives，organic oxygen compounds，flavonoids，phenylpropanes，phenols and so on. The relative content analysis of differential metabolites showed that the content of glutathione in JD1 was 14.021 times that in PFJ1 and 29.195 times that in PFJ2.The content of 3‑methy‑L‑histidine in JD1 was 10.463 times that in PFJ1 and 129.931 times that in PFJ2.The content of kaempferol in JD1 was 0.421 times that in PFJ1 and 0.358 times that in PFJ2.KEGG pathway analysis of differentially expressed metabolites was further conducted，and they were mainly concentrated into KEGG pathways such as aminoacyl‑tRNA biosynthesis，arginine and proline metabolism，alanine，aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism，phenylalanine metabolism，flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis.In summary，amino acids and flavonoids were the main metabolites related to the formation of tubers，and the metabolic pathways were mainly concentrated in aminoacyl‑tRNA biosynthesis and flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis.   Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Activated Phosphate Rock Powder on Transformation of Cadmium Fraction in Soil and Cadmium Uptake by Pepper CHAI Guanqun, YANG Jiaojiao, WANG Li, LIU Guihua, LUO Muxinjian, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (5): 91-98.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.05.011 Abstract （780）      PDF （1345KB）（143）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of activated phosphate rock powder on the transformation of cadmium（Cd）fraction in Cd‐safely‐utilized lime soil and the absorption of Cd by pepper，and to provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of phosphate rock powder，the Cd‐safely‐utilized lime soil and pepper variety‘Qing Hong Yuan Shuai’were selected as test materials. The effects of no phosphate rock powder（CK），0.5% phosphate rock powder（PR‐0.5%），0.5% oxalic acid activated phosphate rock powder（CPR‐0.5%）and 0.5% citric acid activated phosphate rock powder（NPR‐0. 5%）on soil Cd fraction，pepper biomass and fruit Cd content were studied by indoor culture experiment and pot experiment.The results showed that compared with the control（CK），the dry weight of pepper fruits treated with unactivated and activated phosphate rock powder increased significantly by 13.99%—41.79%，and the dry weight of pepper fruits treated with NPR‐0.5% was the largest.With the prolongation of culture time，the content of available Cd in soil decreased. Compared with 0 d，after 90 d of soil culture，the decrease of available Cd in CK，PR‐0.5%，CPR‐0.5% and NPR‐0.5% was 26.67%，26.67%，31.11% and 35.56%，respectively.The application of unactivated and activated phosphate rock powder promoted the transformation of activated Cd fraction in soil to inert fraction，and the content of activated Cd fraction in NPR‐0.5% treatment was the lowest. Compared with CK，the proportion of activated Cd fraction in NPR‐0.5% treatment decreased by 16.45 percentage points.Compared with CK，the Cd content of pepper fruits treated with unactivated and activated phosphate rock powder decreased by 14.04%—31.58%，and the Cd content of pepper fruits treated with NPR‐0.5% decreased the most.In summary，NPR‐0.5% treatment promoted the transformation of activated Cd fraction in soil to inert fraction and inhibited the absorption of Cd by pepper. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Microbial Biomass，Enzyme Activity，and Soybean Yield in Black Soil Areas KONG Fandan, ZHOU Lijun, ZHENG Meiyu, ZHANG Zuohe, YANG Zeyi, WU Juan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 87-95.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.010 Abstract （751）      PDF （3173KB）（135）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effects of straw coverage on soil microbial biomass，enzyme activity，and soybean yield in black soil areas，Kenfeng 16 was used as the experimental material. Four treatments were set up，including no straw coverage（CK），0.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T1），1.0 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T2），and 1.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T3），to determine the number of bacteria，fungi，actinomycetes，and the activity of urease and catalase in the soil of the cultivation layer during the soybean growth period，and soybean yield，and compare and analyze the effects of different straw coverage amount on soil microbial biomass，enzyme activity，and soybean yield.The results showed that the number of soil bacteria showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing throughout the entire growth period of soybean，with T2 treatment having the highest total number of bacteria，which increased by 33.08%，9.30%，and 65.38% compared to T1，T3，and CK treatments，respectively.The number of fungi showed a trend of first increasing，then decreasing，and then increasing and then decreasing，with T2 treatment having the highest total number of fungi. The overall number of actinomycetes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，and increased with the increase of straw coverage.The urease activity of each treatment showed T1>T2>T3>CK，and the straw covering treatment increased by 32.64%，29.42%，and 18.23% compared to CK treatment，respectively.The activity of catalase showed T2>T3>T1>CK，and the enzyme activity reached the highest in different treatments during the flowering period. The soybean yield under straw cover treatment was significantly higher than that under CK. The impact of straw cover on soybean yield did not continue to increase with the increase of straw cover，with T2 treatment having the highest yield.There was a significant positive correlation between soybean yield and urease activity，bacterial count，and fungal count；There was a significant positive correlation between catalase activity and urease activity，as well as the number of fungi. In summary，under the conditions of this study，1.0 kg/m2 straw coverage is the optimal straw coverage amount. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Altitude on the Fungal and Bacterial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Rosa roxburghii Tratt LI Yinfeng, LIU Xiaozhu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (10): 82-91.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.10.009 Abstract （750）      PDF （7299KB）（147）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of altitude on the diversity of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of Rosa roxburghii Tratt were studied，which would provide reference for isolating plant growth‑promoting rhizobacteria.The composition and potential functions of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil from different altitudes［1 550 m（B1），1 650 m（B2），1 750 m（B3），1 850 m（B4）and 2 050 m（B5）］were analyzed by high‑throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the number of fungi and bacteria species in rhizosphere soil of R.roxburghii from different altitudes was different.The number of fungi and bacteria species in B2 was the highest，while that in B3 was the least. Altitude influenced the distribution of fungi and bacteria.Unclassified_g__Fusarium showed a trend of first decreasing，then increasing，and then decreasing with increasing altitude，while uncultured_Sphingomonadaceae_bacterium_g__Sphingomonas showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.In addition，the fungi and bacteria resources in the rhizosphere of R.roxburghii had multiple functions，and the distribution of fungal functions in the rhizosphere varied with altitude.Therefore，altitude affects the composition and diversity of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of R.roxburghii. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of Lasioderma serricorne in Tobacco Leaf Raw Materials Based on Improved YOLOv3 Algorithm ZHANG Weizheng, CHEN Saiyueyang, WANG Yanling, TIE Jinxin, DING Jia, LI Meng, LI Canlin, SU Xiaoke, GAN Yong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (11): 157-166.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.11.017 Abstract （749）      PDF （10647KB）（110）       Knowledge map    Save In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and inaccuracy in manual recognition of tobacco beetles（Lasioderma serricorne）in tobacco leaf raw materials，and achieve accurate and intelligent recognition of tobacco beetles，a tobacco beetle recognition model was proposed based on the improved YOLOv3 algorithm.Firstly，Random Mix data augmentation technology was used to expand the tobacco beetle dataset；By introducing the K⁃means++ algorithm to recluster anchor boxes，YOLOv3’s recognition ability for tobacco beetles was improved；SIoU Loss was used to improve the Loss function of YOLOv3 bounding box to improve the accuracy of model positioning and accelerate model convergence；Finally，a feature refinement module was added to filter conflict information and optimize the accuracy of the model in identifying small targets in the tobacco beetle dataset.The results showed that，the improved YOLOv3 network model achieved average detection accuracy，recall，F1 score，and mAP of 93.26%，88.25%，0.90，and 94.59% for tobacco beetles in the test set，respectively，increased by 12.21 percentage points，11.79 percentage points，0.12，and 12.40 percentage points compared to the existing YOLOv3 algorithm，providing support for the effective recognition of tobacco beetles. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression Patterns of Genes of Four Transcription Factor Families in Different Ploidy Rice under Salt⁃Alkali Stress HUANG Hai, QU Xiaojie, LIU Jinhai, PENG Zanwen Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 22-33.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.003 Abstract （740）      PDF （1817KB）（137）       Knowledge map    Save With diploid rice（Oryza sativa L.） Guiyu 12 and its autotetraploid rice as experimental materials，the changes of expression patterns of bZIP（basic leucine zippers），MYB（V⁃myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog），AP2/ERF（APETALA2/ethylene response factor）and WRKY transcription factor family genes in diploid and tetraploid rice under saline⁃alkaline stress were studied，so as to lay the foundation for analyzing the saline⁃alkaline tolerance mechanism of different ploidy rice.The results showed that the same transcription factor gene in different ploidy rice had different responses to saline⁃alkali stress. Under salt stress，the induction（inhibition） degree of OsbZIP05，OsbZIP45，OsJAMYB and OsDREB1A（dehydration responsive element binding protein 1A）genes in tetraploid rice was higher than that in diploid rice.The expression trends of OsbZIP49，OsbZIP61，CSA（carbon starved anther），OsWRKY5，OsDREB41 and OsAP211 genes in tetraploid rice were completely opposite to that in diploid rice. Under alkaline stress，the induction（inhibition）degree of OsbZIP61，CSA，OsJAMYB and OsWRKY70 genes in tetraploid rice was higher than that in diploid rice.The expression trends of OsbZIP49，OsWRKY1，OsWRKY8，OsWRKY24，OsWRKY45，OsWRKY72，OsWRKY76，OsDREB1A and OsEREBP2（ethylene⁃responsive element binding protein 2） genes in tetraploid rice were completely opposite to that in diploid rice.In summary，the expression patterns of the same transcription factor gene in different ploidy rice under saline⁃alkali stress were significantly different，and the expression patterns of transcription factor gene in tetraploid rice induced by alkali stress were more complex. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Sensitivity Analysis and Applicability Evaluation of the AquaCrop Model for Sesame Crop Parameters LI Mengyao, GUAN Haoyue, ZHANG Jiantao, HUANG Ming, LI Feng, RONG Yasi, LI Youjun, LI Guoqiang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (7): 149-159.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.017 Abstract （666）      PDF （3280KB）（129）       Knowledge map    Save The objective is to enhance the calibration efficiency of the AquaCrop model for sesame crop parameters and verify the applicability of the model. The initial value and value range of sesame crop parameters were determined based on the experimental data（2022—2023）and related literatures.The EFAST method was used to perform global sensitivity analysis of 53 sesame crop parameters，uncertainty analysis of simulation results and parameters calibration validation. The results showed that 27 parameters were sensitive to the maximum biomass of each treatment，including CDM，CDSE，POFE，RSWT，PSENSP，PSTOSP，RSWB and ECSW with TSi above 0.3.And 14 parameters were sensitive to grain yield of each treatment，including POHX，RSWT，CDSE，DMCON，PSTO and PSTOSP with TSi higher than 0.2.The decision coefficient（R2） of simulated and measured canopy coverage and aboveground biomass ranged from 0.875 to 0.954 and 0.951 to 0.970，respectively.Futhermore，the normalized root mean square error（NRMSE） ranged from 11. 5% to 18.1% and 18. 9% to 27.7%，respectively.Meanwhile，the Nash‑Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients（NSE） were 0.873—0.940 and 0.930—0.959，respectively.The relative error between the simulated and measured values of yield was between 0.03 and 0.07.The localized AquaCrop model can better simulate the dynamic development process of sesame，which can be used to optimize sesame management and forecast future production. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening and Health Risk Assessment of Low Accumulation Rice Varieties in Nickel Polluted Paddy Fields ZHANG Xiujin, ZHANG Ronghui, CAI Jinghang, WANG Guokun, CHAI Guanqun, HUANG Chengling, FAN Chengwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 61-69.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.007 Abstract （620）      PDF （1270KB）（68）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen rice varieties with low nickel（Ni）accumulation suitable for safe production in rice fields in the central Guizhou，field experiments were conducted to determine the Ni content in different parts of ten main rice varieties grown in the central Guizhou region.The accumulation and transport characteristics of Ni in brown rice were studied，and cluster analysis and health risk assessment were conducted.The results showed that the brown rice of Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest Ni content of 0.372 mg/kg，while Leyou 891 had the highest Ni content of 2.136 mg/kg among the ten rice varieties.Yixiangyou 800 had lower Ni bioconcentration and translocation abilities from rice husks to brown rice than the other nine rice varieties. Based on the clustering analysis of brown rice Ni content in different rice varieties，Yixiangyou 800 was classified as the low⁃value class（class Ⅰ）variety.The THQ（target hazard quotient）values of the ten rice varieties for different population groups were all less than 1，indicating no health risk.Health risk assessment showed that Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest THQ value，and combined with the Ni content in brown rice，it was recommended as a rice variety with low Ni accumulation for the central Guizhou. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Conservation Tillage in China QIN Meng, DONG Quanzhong, XUE Hong, ZHANG Mingming, LI Weiwei, SONG Huan, ZHAI Lingxia Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (7): 1-11.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.07.001 Abstract （548）      PDF （1252KB）（477）       Knowledge map    Save Conservation tillage is an environmentally friendly farming model that reduces soil erosion，protects the ecological environment of farmland，and achieves coordinated development of ecological，economic and social benefits by means of less tillage，no⁃tillage and surface mulching of straw.In order to reduce soil erosion，desertification and salinization，soil management methods need to be changed from traditional tillage to protect the soil environment，stabilize food and increase income.This paper introduces the importance of conservation tillage for the sustainable development of agriculture，systematically describes the current development status of conservation tillage，analyzes the key points and difficulties of future development of conservation tillage，and provides an outlook on the future development direction of conservation tillage to provide reference for improving the development system of conservation tillage. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comprehensive Evaluation of 176 Waxy Sorghum Germplasm Resources Based on Principal Component，Grey Correlation and DTOPSIS Analyses WU Guojiang, ZHOU Wei, YU Zhonghao, LI Yan, LÜ Jingbo, WANG Zhenguo, ZHOU Yaxing Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (5): 40-51.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.05.006 Abstract （509）      PDF （1325KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen out the high‐quality waxy sorghum germplasm resources suitable for popularization and utilization in the Xiliaohe Plain，16 main agronomic traits of 176 waxy sorghum germplasm resources were analyzed，and the comprehensive evaluation and ranking were carried out by combining principal component analysis method，grey correlation degree method and DTOPSIS method.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the main agronomic traits of 176 waxy sorghum germplasm resources ranged from 6.69% to 47.84%，and there were generally significant or extremely significant correlation between the traits. Through principal component analysis，16 main agronomic traits of 176 waxy sorghum germplasm resources were integrated into 9 independent comprehensive indexes（principal components），and the cumulative contribution rate of these 9 principal components was87.169%.The top 30 germplasm resources were screened based on comprehensive evaluation scores by principal component analysis，weighted correlation degree by grey correlation degree method and relative closeness degree by DTOPSIS method respectively. By the combination of the above three methods for comprehensive evaluation，10 germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive traits were selected from 176 germplasm resources，namely QNR，9705，2011‐30，Xinliang 52，102A，HubocuoP4，Jan‐88，9701，0657 and 4126 ，respectively，which laid a foundation for the breeding of waxy sorghum varieties in the Xiliaohe Plain. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics