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Identification and Analysis of WRKY Transcription Factors Differentially Expressed in Maize under Drought⁃Rewatering Treatment FU Jiaxu, YAN Yali, XIE Xiaowen, ZHANG Xinyue, WEN Pengfei, GUAN Xiaokang, WANG Tongchao, WEI Li Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (8): 9-19.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.08.002 Abstract （3333）      PDF （4139KB）（269）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore WRKY transcription factors related to drought resistance in maize（Zea mays），differentially expressed WRKY genes were identified under drought⁃rewatering treatment，and their physicochemical characteristics，phylogenetic evolution，chromosome distribution，gene duplication，gene structure，conserved motif，cis⁃elements in promoter region and gene expression level were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 51 differentially expressed ZmWRKY genes were identified，the amino acid number，molecular weight and isoelectric point of 51 ZmWRKY proteins ranged from 99 to 729 aa，11.22 to 78.73 ku，and 4.58 to 12.26，respectively.ZmWRKY genes were divided into three groups Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ，ZmWRKY genes of group Ⅱ were divided into Ⅱa，Ⅱb，Ⅱc，Ⅱd and Ⅱe.ZmWRKY genes were unequally distributed on 10 chromosomes，including 2 pairs of tandem duplication and 16 pairs of segmental duplication.The ZmWRKY genes contained 1—12 exons，most of ZmWRKY proteins（41）contained 2—4 conserved motifs，and WRKY members in the same group had similar motif compositions.Many cis⁃elements related to plant hormone and abiotic stress，such as ABRE，AuxRR⁃core，TCA⁃element，TC⁃rich repeats，TGACG⁃motif，LTR，MBS，TATC⁃box，P⁃box，CGTCA⁃motif，GC⁃motif，TGA⁃element and GARE⁃motif were identified in ZmWRKY gene promotor region.Under drought⁃rewatering treatment，51 ZmWRKY genes exhibited different expression patterns，among them，fifteen genes positively responded to drought stress，including ZmWRKY1，ZmWRKY10，ZmWRKY16，ZmWRKY28， ZmWRKY30， ZmWRKY33， ZmWRKY42， ZmWRKY65， ZmWRKY68， ZmWRKY78，ZmWRKY96，ZmWRKY99，ZmWRKY100，ZmWRKY102 and ZmWRKY111，and one gene negatively responded to drought stress，which were candidate genes for further study of drought response in ZmWRKY family. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Two Different Nitrogen Efficiency Maize Varieties in Response to Nitrogen Reduction LI Chuan, ZHANG Panpan, ZHANG Meiwei, NIU Jun, ZHAO Xia, HE Guanhua, QIAO Jiangfang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (9): 10-24.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.002 Abstract （3106）      PDF （7133KB）（175）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the differentially expressed genes（DEGs）in Weike 518（WK518）with high nitrogen efficiency and Nongda108（ND108） with low nitrogen efficiency under nitrogen reduction condition and their functions，the ear⁃leaf samples were collected from WK518 and ND108 at mid filling stage under normal nitrogen fertilizer application rate（225 kg/ha nitrogen,HN）and low nitrogen fertilizer application rate（0 kg/hanitrogen,LN）,and used for high⁃throughput RNA sequencing. Then the GO term and KEGG metabolic pathway of DEGs were analyzed from different compared groups，and the differentially expressed transcription factor families were analyzed. The results showed that 2 065 up⁃regulated DEGs and 2 319 down⁃regulated DEGs were detected between WK518 and ND108 under LN condition,2 368 up⁃regulated DEGs and 3 780 down⁃regulated DEGs were detected under HN condition;1 009 up⁃regulated DEGs and 2 268 down⁃regulated DEGs were detected in WK518 under different nitrogen application rates,and 364 up⁃regulated DEGs and 510 down⁃regulated DEGs were detected in ND108 under different nitrogen application rates.Under LN condition,DEGs between WK518 and ND108 were mainly enriched in uroporphyrin⁃Ⅲ C⁃methyltransferase activity,mannose⁃6⁃phosphate isomerase activity,oxidation⁃reduction process,mitochondrion organization,nuclear chromatin and other GO terms,and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,phenylalaninemetabolism,monoterpenoid biosynthesis,glycine/serine and threonine metabolism,base excision repair and other KEGG pathways. Under HN condition，DEGs between WK518 and ND108 were mainly enriched in stomatal closure,transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity,chloroplast stroma，thylakoid,chloroplast envelope and other GO terms,and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms，amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,β⁃alanine metabolism,photosynthesis⁃antenna proteins and other KEGG pathways.DEGs in WK518 were mainly enriched in response to chitin,protein phosphorylation，membrane，indole glucosinolate metabolic process，galactinol⁃sucrose galactosyltransferase and other GO terms,and carbon fixation in photosynthetic origination,plant hormone signal transduction,protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,plant⁃pathogen interaction,MAPK signaling pathway⁃plant and other KEGG pathways under different nitrogen application rates.DEGs in ND108 were mainly enriched in response to water deprivation,toxin catabolic process,chitinase activity,trehalose biosynthetic process,trehalose⁃phosphatase activity and other GO terms,and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,MAPK signaling pathway⁃plant，prodigiosin biosynthesis,zeatin biosynthesis,biotin metabolism and other KEGG pathways under different nitrogen application rates.Fifty⁃eight differentially expressed transcription factor families were detected in WK518 and ND108 under different nitrogen application rates,including GRAS,bHLH,MYB⁃related,NAC,C3H,ERF,C2H2,WRKY,FAR1 transcription factor families and so on,which were very important in plants growth,development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Differentially Expressed bHLH Genes in Maize under Drought‑Rewatering Treatments XIE Xiaowen, ZHANG Xinyue, FU Jiaxu, SHAO Jing, WEN Pengfei, WANG Tongchao, WEI Li Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (9): 33-44.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.09.004 Abstract （3034）      PDF （5798KB）（335）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore bHLH transcription factors related to drought resistance in maize（Zea mays），differentially expressed bHLH genes were identified under drought‑rewatering treatment，and physicochemical characteristics，phylogenetic evolution，chromosome distribution，gene duplication，gene structure，conserved motif，cis‑elements in promoter region and gene expression were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 51 differentially expressed bHLH genes were identified in maize under drought‑rewatering treatment，the amino acid number，molecular weight and isoelectric point of 51 bHLH proteins ranged from 80 to 705 aa，21.26 to 92.17 ku，and 4.54 to 12.41，respectively.bHLH genes were divided into 16 subgroups，Ⅺ subgroup was the largest，containing 9 bHLH proteins；Ⅵ，Ⅷ，Ⅸ and ⅩⅢ subgroups were the smallest，containing 1 bHLH protein each. bHLH genes were distributed unevenly on 10 chromosomes，among which 7 pairs of genes had replication relationships.The number of exons varied greatly，9 bHLH genes contained 1 exon，27 bHLH genes contained 2—5 exons，and 15 bHLH genes contained 6 or more exons；Motif 1 and Motif 2 appeared more frequently in the conserved motifs of bHLH protein，followed by Motif 3 and Motif 5，with Motif 6 and Motif 9 appeared least frequently.The promoter region of bHLH genes contained many cis‑acting elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress，such as ABRE，GARE‑motif，P‑box，AuxRR‑core，MBS，TGACG‑motif，CGTCA‑motif，TCA‑rich，TGA‑element and TCA‑element. Under drought‑rewatering treatment，51 bHLH genes exhibited different expression patterns，among them，14 genes such as ZmbHLH20，ZmbHLH25，ZmbHLH9，ZmbHLH137and ZmbHLH178 positively responded to drought stress，and 14 genes such as ZmbHLH58，ZmbHLH87，ZmbHLH36 and ZmbHLH106 negatively responded to drought stress，which were candidate genes for further study of drought response in maize bHLH family. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of miRNAs Related to High Temperature Stress in Maize Pollen and Analysis of Their Target Genes LI Chuan, ZHANG Panpan, ZHANG Meiwei, NIU Jun, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, QIAO Jiangfang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (2): 1-16.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.02.001 Abstract （2388）      PDF （4835KB）（359）       Knowledge map    Save By using high⁃throughput miRNA sequencing technology，differentially expressed miRNAs were indentified in pollens of high heat tolerant maize variety Zhengdan 958 and low heat tolerant maize variety Xianyu 335 under high temperature stress at flowering stage，their target genes were predicted，and the enrichment analysis of genetic characteristics and metabolic pathways of these target genes were conducted. The results showed that a total of 818 miRNA precursor sequences were identified. Nineteen significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were screened in the group of Zhengdan 958 pollen under high temperature stress compared with the control pollen under normal condition(HT958 vs CK958). Among them，15 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated，4 miRNA sequences were down⁃regulated，and expression level difference of 3 miRNA sequences reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).The predicted results of target genes of 19 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 503 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，microtubule⁃based process，hosphorylation，positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase Ⅱ ，methylation and so on，and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were glutathione metabolism，carbon metabolism，arachidonic acid metabolism lycolysis/gluconeogenesis，folate biosynthesis and so on. Fiveteen significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the group of Xianyu 335 pollen under high temperature stress compared with the control pollen(HT335 vs CK335). Among them，7 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated,8 were down⁃regulated，and the expression level difference of 1 miRNA sequence reached highly significant level(P<0.01).The predicted results of target genes of 15 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 454 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，phosphorylation，protein phosphorylation,proteolysis，DNA repair and so on，and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were other glycan degradation,linoleic acid metabolism,metabolic pathways，thiamine metabolism，protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and so on.Eighty⁃five significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the group of Zhengdan 958 pollen under high temperature stress compared with Xianyu 335 pollen under high temperature stress(HT985 vs HT335). Among them，35 miRNA sequences were up⁃regulated，50 were down⁃regulated，and expression level difference of 24 miRNA sequences reached extremely significant level(P<0.01). The predicted results of target genes of 85 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 2 286 gene transcripts were obtained，their enriched GO biological process terms included regulation of transcription，DNA⁃templated，phosphorylation,protein phosphorylation,proteolysis,transmembrane transport and so on，the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were sphingolipidmetabolism，starch and sucrose metabolism，other glycan degradation，metabolic pathways，cysteine and methionine metabolism and so on. Ninety⁃four significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were identified in the HT958 vs CK958 group compared with HT335 vs CK335 group. The predicted results of target genes of 94 differentially expressed miRNA sequences showed that a total of 4 569 gene transcripts were obtained.Among them，the expression level difference of 28 miRNA sequences showed extremely significant(P<0.01),including PC⁃3p⁃10069_1143C⁃3p⁃18335_646，zma⁃miR164f⁃5p and so on. The enriched GO biological process terms of target genes of 94 differentially expressed miRNA sequences included regulation of transcription,DNA⁃templated,phosphorylation,protein phosphorylation,protein transport,proteolysis and so on,and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum，ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes，spliceosome，sphingolipid metabolism，endocytosis and so on. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Functional Analysis of Maize Stress Response Gene ZmTPR1 CAO Liru, LIANG Xiaohan, MA Chenchen, YE Feiyu, PANG Yunyun, LI Weiya, ZHANG Xin, LU Xiaomin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 12-21.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.002 Abstract （1969）      PDF （2292KB）（220）       Knowledge map    Save On the basis of previous transcriptome sequencing of maize under drought‑rehydration treatment，ZmTPR1 （tetratricopeptide repeat 1）was identified in response to drought stress.Bioinformatics analysis was conducted，and expression pattern was analyzed in different tissues and under different stresses. The homologous gene AtTPR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana was knocked out by CRISPR‑Cas9 technology，the phenotype，physiological and biochemical indexes of homozygous mutant plants were analyzed under drought stress，and the function of this gene was preliminarily explored，which would provide genetic resources for breeding drought‑resistant maize varieties.The results showed that ZmTPR1 gene was located on chromosome 3 of maize，encoding 421 amino acids，containing a conserved coiled coil domain，and might be involved in the response of maize to plant hormones，drought and so on.ZmTPR1 gene expressed in all tissues of maize，with the highest expression level in young stems.Drought，high temperature，salt and nitrogen deficiency stresses could induce the expression of ZmTPR1 gene，and the expression level of ZmTPR1 gene was most up‑regulated after drought stress.The expression level of ZmTPR1 gene in drought‑resistant maize inbred line Zheng 36 was significantly higher than that in drought‑sensitive maize inbred line B73 after drought stress. Drought resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana decreased after AtTPR1 gene was knocked out，the growth of Attpr1 mutant was severely inhibited under drought stress，and the leaves were wilted or even dried out. At the same time，the relative water content，chlorophyll content，net photosynthetic rate，activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase significantly decreased，and the content of malondialdehyde significantly increased.In summary，ZmTPR1 gene is involved in the response of maize to various abiotic stresses，and plays an important role in drought stress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (7): 1-5.   Abstract （1873）      PDF （599KB）（635）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (8): 1-6.   Abstract （1786）      PDF （843KB）（1250）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of Kidney Bean Varieties for Safe Production in Cadmium Polluted Farmland of Northwest Guizhou CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu, LIU Guihua, WANG Li, JIANG Ya Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 51-60.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.006 Abstract （1663）      PDF （1385KB）（144）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the differences in the absorption and enrichment of cadmium（Cd） by different kidney bean varieties and the effects of varieties and environment on them，and to screen out the Cd low⁃enriched kidney bean varieties suitable for planting in northwestern Guizhou，13 local kidney bean varieties were used as materials，and in the Cd⁃contaminated farmland of L site and Y site in northwestern Guizhou，a field plot experiment was conducted.The results showed that the variety，the environment and interaction between variety and environment had extremely significant effects on yield and Cd content of kidney bean，respectively. There was significant difference in Cd content of different kidney bean varieties in the same place. The maximum value of Cd（in Hongpiqiuzijiadou） and the minimum value of Cd（in Bangda No.2） could be 10 times different in the same place.The bioconcentration factor（BCFCd）of Cd in soils for different kidney bean varieties in L site and Y site were 0.06%—0.0% and 0.13%—0.93%，respectively.The Cd content of 13 tested kidney bean varieties showed the safe level.The yield of Bangda No.2 was the highest among the 13 varieties，reaching 18 513.6 and 19 287.9 kg/ha in L and Y sites，respectively.In summary，13 kidney bean varieties can be used as recommended varieties for Cd⁃contaminated areas in northwestern Guizhou，and Bangda No.2 was preferred because of its high yield and low Cd content. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Exogenous Hormones on Growth，Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Tigernut（Cyperus esculentus L.）under Drought Stress LIU Jiayao, CHENG Yan, WEI Zunmiao, LONG Wei, WANG Liang, MU Zhongsheng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (11): 42-49.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.11.005 Abstract （1581）      PDF （7617KB）（84）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the optimal spraying concentration of exogenous hormones on tigernut under drought stress，Jisha No.2 was used as material，drought stress was simulated by 15% polyethylene glycol（PEG 6000）to study the effects of different concentrations of gibberellin（GA3，0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5 μg/L），melatonin（MT，20，40，60，80，100 μmol/L）and salicylic acid（SA，0.25，0.50，0.75，1.00，1.25 mmol/L） on the growth，yield，relative conductivity，chlorophyll content，proline content，malondialdehyde（MDA）content，superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD）activities of tigernut seedlings.The results showed that under drought stress，spraying the three kinds of exogenous hormones could promote the growth and yield of tigernut，G3（0.3 μg/L），M3（60 μmol/L），S2（0.50 mmol/L）treatments had the best effect，the yields of which significantly increased by 38. 32%，31.73% and35.90% compared with the drought stress treatment（CK2）respectively. Under drought stress，spraying the three kinds of exogenous hormones could reduce the relative conductivity and MDA content in leaves，and increase the chlorophyll content，proline content，SOD and POD activities，alleviating the damage caused by drought stress to the seedlings of tigernut，the best treatments were G3，M3 and S2，respectively.Compared with CK2，for G3，M3 and S2 treatments，the relative conductivities significantly decreased by 54.92%，34.44% and 27.86%，chlorophyll contents obviously increased by 33.83%，19.03% and 15.84%，proline contents significantly increased by 478.88%，627.62% and 412.87%，MDA contents significantly decreased by 53.51%，53.43% and 54.75%，SOD activities increased by 0.95%，13.51%and 16.25%，POD activities increased by 1.80%，10.36% and 12.84%，respectively.In conclusion，under drought stress，spraying appropriate concentrations of GA3，MT and SA could promote the growth of tigernut，alleviate the damage caused by drought stress，and then increase the yield，overall the best concentrations of GA3，MT and SA were 0.3 μg/L，60 μmol/L and 0.50 mmol/L，respectively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison and Comprehensive Evaluation of Quality of 20 Potato Varieties ZHANG Fan, LI Yuan, CHEN Mengru, XING Yingying, WANG Xiukang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (8): 28-36.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.08.004 Abstract （1573）      PDF （1368KB）（533）       Knowledge map    Save The tuber yield per plant，starch content，reducing sugar content，soluble sugar content，vitamin C content and protein content of 20 potato varieties were analyzed，and the comprehensive evaluation of quality was done by principal component analysis，membership function method and cluster analysis，so as to screen out potato varieties with good quality and suitable for different processing purposes and cultivation in Yulin City. The results showed that there were great differences in quality indexes among different potato varieties.The variation coefficients of tuber yield per plant，starch content，reducing sugar content，soluble sugar content，vitamin C content and protein content were 46.76%，50.07%，50.66%，64.79%，33.72% and 68.10% respectively.The tuber yield per plant and starch content of Longshu 11 were the highest，the reducing sugar content of LZ112 was the highest，the soluble sugar content of Longshu 9 was the highest，the vitamin C content and protein content of Laohongpi were the highest.The results of principal component analysis showed that the quality indexes of 20 potato varieties could be expressed by four principal components（the cumulative variance contribution rate was 90.448%），and the representative indexes of each component were protein content，starch content，soluble sugar content and reducing sugar content respectively. Then，comprehensive evaluation was carried out by membership function method and cluster analysis.The results showed that seven varieties with better quality were screened out，accounted for 35.0% of the tested varieties，one variety（Dingshu 3）could be used for both vegetable and starch processing，one variety（Ganyinshu 1）could be used for whole flour processing and fried food processing，one variety（Longshu 11）could be used for starch processing after large⁃scale cultivation，two varieties（L08104⁃12 and Feurita）could be processed as whole flour，and two varieties（Jizhangshu 12 and Longshu 9）could be used for fried food processing. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Chloroplast Genome of Paederia scandens WU Minhua, WU Zijian, YE Xiaoxia, TAN Jingyi, WANG Shen, HUANG Qionglin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 70-77.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.008 Abstract （1552）      PDF （6478KB）（129）       Knowledge map    Save To elucidate the structure and sequence characteristics of chloroplast genome from Paederia scandens，the chloroplast genome sequencing was performed using high‑throughput sequencing technology，and then acquired sequence was assembled，annotated and analyzed via bioinformatics procedures.The results demonstrated that the chloroplast genome of P.scandens was a circular quadripartite molecule with a length of 153 456 bp and encoded 133 genes.Altogether 54 simple sequence repeats were detected in the plastome and the A/T mononucleotide was main type.A total of 26 983 codons were searched out and those with end of A/T were frequently used.Sequence alignment demonstrated more divergence in non‑coding region among five Rubiaceae species including P.scandens.Phylogenetic tree revealed close relationship of various chloroplast genome sequences of P.scandens and clearly displayed the evolutionary position of P.scandens in Rubiaceae. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genome Size，Ploidy and Phylogeny of Cyperus esculentus L. WANG Huiwei, ZHU Shixin, ZHANG Xinyou, WANG Yan, YANG Tiegang, ZHANG Xiangge, WANG Shufeng, LI Chunxin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (1): 34-41.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.004 Abstract （1492）      PDF （2024KB）（389）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the genome characteristics of the main varieties and characteristic germplasm of Cyperus esculentus L. in the Huang Huai region and the phylogenetic relationship between them and their related species，the genome size and ploidy of six C. esculentus L. materials were evaluated by flow cytometry and genome survey analysis，and the phylogenetic relationship between them and their related groups was analyzed based on the sequences of the external transcribed spacer（ETS） and internal transcribed spacer（ITS） of ribosomal DNA. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the genomes of six C.esculentus L. materials were 0.808 6—0.858 5 Gb，with an average of 0.826 4 Gb；the results of genome survey analysis showed that the genome size，proportion of repetitive sequences，GC content and heterozygous ratio of the three tuber types of C.esculentus L. were 0.697 9 Gb，81.02%，34.7% and 0.28% for Yuyousha 2，0.778 7 Gb，84.45%，36.4% and 0.08% for Yuyousha 3.and 0.790 6 Gb，83.75%，34.9% and 0.19% for YYS‑4，respectively；genome survey analysis and pollen staining results showed that the three tuber types of C.esculentus L. were triploid. Phylogenetic analysis showed that six C. esculentus L. were clustered into C.esculentus L.branch，this branch was closely related to the branch composed of C.rotundus L. and C.glomeratus L.，they formed sister group，and formed C4 plant branch with C.iria L. ，C.glomeratus L. and C.cuspidatus H.B.K. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of TCP Transcription Factors in Artemisia annua and Analysis of Their Expression Patterns under MeJA Treatment MA Qiyang, SONG Ge Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (12): 62-74.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.12.007 Abstract （1480）      PDF （13374KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the genome data of Artemisia annua，the TCP gene family members were identified，and their protein physicochemical properties，evolutionary relationships，and cis‑acting elements were analyzed. Transcriptome data were used to analyze the expression pattern of TCP transcription factors in Artemisia annua under different light treatments，and qRT‑PCR was used to detect their expression under methyl jasmonate（MeJA）treatment.The results showed that a total of 29 TCP genes（AaTCPs）were identified. AaTCPs differed greatly in protein physicochemical properties，in which the number of amino acids and protein molecular mass ranged from 132 to 443 and 14.60 to 47.86 ku，respectively，and the isoelectric points，instability indices，and fat coefficients were in the ranges of 5.67 to 9.99，33.28 to 69.77，and 51.70 to 77.40，respectively，and all of them were nuclear proteins.Phylogenetic relationships showed that AaTCPs could be classified into class Ⅰ（11）and class Ⅱ（18），unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes.The Motif number of AaTCPs ranged from 1 to 7，all of them contained one conserved TCP2 structural domain，and a large number of light‑，hormone‑，and stress‑responsive elements were present in their promoters.Protein interaction predictions revealed tight interactions among the protein members of AaTCPs except for AaTCP12 and AaTCP8.Transcriptome data showed that the expression levels of AaTCPs varied under different light treatments，and the expression of most genes was induced by light. qRT‑PCR analysis revealed that the expression of AaTCPs all increased to different degrees under MeJA treatment，showing dynamic changes with the extension of treatment time.In summary，the AaTCP gene family plays a significant role in light regulation and hormone response processes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Soybean and Maize Stubbles on Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Winter Wheat Rhizosphere Soil GUO Hui, LIAN Yanhao, ZHAO Zhibo, REN Yongzhe, WANG Zhiqiang, LIN Tongbao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (7): 79-89.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.009 Abstract （1461）      PDF （3686KB）（234）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the differences in the effects of maize stubble and soybean stubble in the Huang‑Huai‑Hai area，in 2023，rhizosphere soil samples at the jointing stage of winter wheat were collected under the conditions of long‑term positioning test fields for up to 4 years（2019—2023）.The responses of rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure and function to no nitrogen application（N0）and conventional nitrogen application（N240，pure nitrogen 240 kg/ha） were studied by using 16S high‑throughput sequencing technology combined with Tax4Fun2 function prediction analysis in the jointing stage of winter wheat under maize（M）stubble and soybean（S）stubble，respectively.There were four treatments（MN0，SN0，MN240，SN240）in total.The results showed that，at the phylum level，Proteobacteria，Acidobacteria，Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteriota were the dominant rhizosphere bacteria of winter wheat with a relative abundance of 66.66%—69.56%.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in S stubble was significantly increased by 19.10% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05），and under N240 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in S stubble was significantly increased by 11.90% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）.At the order level，Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales were the dominant bacteria with a relative abundance of 18.42%—19.68%. Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Vicinamibacterales in S stubble was significantly reduced by 13.69% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）；The relative abundance of Burkholderiales was increased significantly by 11.31%（P<0.05）.Through the Tax4Fun2 function prediction and the KEGG data comparison，it was found that there were significant differences in the relative abundance of seven functional pathways under the metabolism category under N0 nitrogen application rate（P<0.05），and correlation analysis further revealed that there was a significant correlation between Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales and amino acid metabolism pathways（P<0.01）.There were 26 functional genes involved in soil nitrogen cycling pathway in winter wheat soil bacteria，and the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes accounted for the largest proportion.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes norB，norC and nirS in M stubble was significantly higher than that in S stubble（P<0.05）.In conclusion，the stubble causes the soil bacterial community structure of winter wheat to change under different amount of nitrogen. Different stubble affects the nitrogen metabolism function of bacterial community by changing the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial community. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and Evaluation of Maize Varieties with High Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Huang‑Huai‑Hai Region Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 10-17.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.002 Abstract （1445）      PDF （2457KB）（458）       Knowledge map    Save Forty‑one summer maize varieties，which are composed of the main varieties and the varieties that will be spread in the future in maize production in Huang‑Huai‑Hai region，were selected as experimental materials.Two nitrogen（N）rates of 225 kg/ha（normal N rate）and 180 kg/ha（reducing 20% of normal N rate）were set up.The grain yields and N efficiencies of different maize varieties were analyzed under different N rates，maize varieties were divided into different types according to yield and N efficiencies，and maize varieties with high yield and N use efficiency were selected，so as to lay the foundation for reducing N fertilizer and increasing N use efficiency and protecting environment during maize production.The results indicated that Jingke 999（JK999）got the highest yield under the two N rates，and Zhongyu 303（ZY303）had higher yield. Shengyuan 96（SY96）got the lowest yield of 8.74 t/ha under normal N rate，while Longdan 639（LD639）got the lowest yield of 7.68 t/ha under reducing 20% of normal N rate.Cluster analysis showed that JK999 and ZY303 were the high‑yield varieties. The variation trend of N efficiency was consistent with yield of maize varieties under different N rates. The nitrogen efficiency classification result showed that，17 varieties including JK999 and ZY303 were high N efficiency type under both low and high N rates，5 varieties including Denghai 717（DH1717）and Youdi 919（YD919）were high N efficiency type under high N rate，5 varieties including Zhengdan 958（ZD958） and Jingnongke 728（JNK728）were high N efficiency type under low N rate. By considering the nitrogen efficiency and yield，JK999 and ZY303 could be used in large area as high‑yield and ‑N use efficiency varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment of Callus Induction and Regeneration System of Cyperus esculentus ZHU Yajing, ZHANG Xiangge, XU Xinran, HU Haiyan, CHENG Shan, CHEN Chen, LI Chunxin, SONG Wanxian, SONG Wenxu, WANG Huiwei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (10): 73-81.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.009 Abstract （1436）      PDF （3147KB）（45）       Knowledge map    Save In order to establish an efficient callus induction and regeneration system of Cyperus esculentus,the explants（young root,young leaf,young leaf sheath and tillering node)for callus induction were screened,and the effects of different plant growth regulator combinations on callus induction,proliferation and differentiation were explored.The results showed that the best explant for callus induction of Cyperus esculentus was tillering node;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus induction was 2.5 mg/L 2,4⁃D+0.6 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.6 mg/L NAA+0.9 mg/L ZT,and the induction rate could reach 65.58%;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus proliferation was 0.5 mg/L 2,4⁃D+0.9 mg/L 6⁃BA+1.2 mg/L NAA+1.2 mg/L ZT,and the proliferation rate could reach 68.12%;the optimal plant growth regulator combination for callus differentiation was 0.9 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.6 mg/L NAA,and the differentiation rate could reach 66.67%.In this study,the best explants suitable for callus induction of Cyperus esculentus were screened,and the conditions of callus induction,proliferation and differentiation of Cyperus esculentus were optimized,which could lay a foundation for the subsequent research and breeding application of biotechnology such as somatic hybridization and genetic transformation of Cyperus esculentus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Seed Germination，Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Characteristics of Lettuce under Cadmium Stress XIONG Mingguo Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 109-115.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.014 Abstract （1421）      PDF （2769KB）（186）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the mitigation effects of exogenous NO on seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce under cadmium（Cd）stress，the effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside（SNP，NO donor）with different concentrations（100，150，200，250 μmol/L）on seed germination，seedling growth and antioxidant properties of lettuce under 100 μmol/L Cd stress were studied. The results showed that exogenous NO had no significant effect on lettuce seed germination rate and germination potential under Cd stress，but generally significantly improved lettuce seedling growth，chlorophyll content and activities of peroxidase（POD），catalase（CAT）and superoxide dismutase（SOD），and significantly decreased malondialdehyde（MDA）content. The treatment with 250 μmol/L SNP had the best effect under Cd stress，and POD，CAT，SOD activities and chlorophyll content significantly increased by 85.00%，81.20%，63.27% and 155.63% respectively. Overall，exogenous NO could mitigate the damage of lettuce caused by Cd，and 250 μmol/L SNP had the best effect. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Simultaneous Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Uptake and Accumulation of Cd by Pepper in Lime Soil CHAI Guanqun, LIU Guihua, LUO Muxinjian, WANG Li, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (9): 68-78.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.007 Abstract （1420）      PDF （1564KB）（168）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the uptake and accumulation of cadmium（Cd）by pepper in calcareous soil，and to provide scientific basis for the development of special carbon based fertilizer for pepper，pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of four amounts of biochar（180，270，360，450 mg/kg，expressed as B1，B1.5，B2，B2.5）combined with 180 mg/kg nitrogen fertilizer of three forms（amide nitrogen，ammonium nitrogen，nitrate nitrogen，expressed as UN，AN and NN）on pepper fruit yield，rhizosphere soil pH and available Cd content，as well as pepper’s absorption and accumulation of Cd.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer form had a very significant effect on pH value and available Cd content of rhizosphere soil，the pH value of rhizosphere soil treated with UNB2 was the highest and the available Cd content was the lowest.The dry weight of fruit，leaf，stem and root in NNB2.5 treatment was the highest，and the dry weight of fruit was 37. 68 g/pot.The fruit dry weight of UNB2 treatment was 34.65 g/pot，which was not significantly different from that of NNB2.5 treatment.The content of Cd in fruit，stem and leaf of UNB2 treatment was the lowest，and the content of Cd in fruit was 0.032 mg/kg，which was lower than the limit standard（<0.05 mg/kg）in National Food Safety Standard for Contaminants in Foods（GB 2762—2017）.The transfer coefficient of Cd from different parts to fruit was TFfruit/stem>TFfruit/leaf>TFfruit/root.The correlation analysis of Cd content in fruit showed that Cd content in pepper fruit mainly came from the redistribution of shoot vegetative organs （stem and leaf）.The cumulative distribution of Cd in root of pepper was the largest.In conclusion，UNB2 was preferentially recommended as the formula of special carbon⁃based fertilizer for pepper to achieve the safe production of pepper in calcareous soil with Cd. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of Nitrogen Efficient Varieties and Construction of Nitrogen Efficiency Assessment System at Seedling Stage of Sesame（Sesamum indicum L.） ZHANG Pengyu, GAO Tongmei, SU Xiaoyu, LI Feng, WANG Dongyong, TIAN Yuan, LU Hailing, MIAO Hongmei, WEI Shuangling Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (6): 54-66.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.06.006 Abstract （1416）      PDF （5236KB）（243）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen the sesame varieties with high nitrogen efficiency from different sesame varieties and construct an assessment system of nitrogen efficiency at seedling stage，the physiological and nitrogen efficiency traits of 18 sesame varieties at seedling stage under different nitrogen levels were measured.The variation coefficient，correlation analysis，principal component analysis，path analysis，membership function analysis and grey correlation degree analysis were used to screen nitrogen efficient varieties，determine nitrogen efficient evaluation traits，and construct nitrogen efficient evaluation system at the seedling stage of sesame.The results showed that among different varieties，there were significant differences in various traits under different nitrogen levels.Under normal and high nitrogen levels，the variation coefficients of nitrogen content and nitrogen utilization efficiency of plants showed lower than those of low nitrogen level.Under different nitrogen treatments，there was a significant or very significant positive correlation among stem dry weight，leaf dry weight，root nitrogen absorption efficiency and leaf nitrogen absorption efficiency of sesame varieties.The 18 varieties were divided into three grades by the European distance longest distance method，among them，Zhengtaizhi No.3 and Zhengzhi HL05 were nitrogen efficient varieties，Fusui Sanhe black sesame and Burmese prolific were nitrogen inefficient varieties.Under different nitrogen levels，the stem fresh weight，leaf fresh weight，leaf dry weight and stem dry weight were all highly correlated with the comprehensive score of nitrogen efficiency，which were important traits for screening of nitrogen efficient sesame varieties.Under different nitrogen levels，the two nitrogen efficient varieties showed higher advantages in root fresh weight and dry weight，and the two sesame cultivars with high nitrogen efficiency under low nitrogen level had higher taproot length，nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency in various tissues than those under normal and high nitrogen levels.At seedling stage，low nitrogen level was more suitable for screening nitrogen efficient sesame varieties，and the nitrogen use efficiency of sesame was mainly determined by the nitrogen uptake efficiency. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Materials on the Growth of Guizhou Alpine Cabbage WEI Quanquan, GOU Jiulan, ZHANG Meng, LIU Lingling, GU Xiaofeng, CHEN Long Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (6): 76-84.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.06.008 Abstract （1413）      PDF （1417KB）（152）       Knowledge map    Save A field experiment was conducted in Weining County，Bijie City，Guizhou Province in 2021，to explore the application effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and combined application of different organic materials on Guizhou alpine cold vegetable cabbage. Three nitrogen（N）fertilizer gradients（100%N，85%N and 70%N）were applied with organic materials［biochar（B）and commercial organic fertilizer （O），6 000 kg/ha］to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and organic materials application on the yield，nutrient absorption，fertilizer utilization，quality and economic benefit of cabbage.The results showed that when nitrogen fertilizer was not reduced，compared with the single application of nitrogen fertilizer（100%N），the combined application of biochar（100%NB）and commercial organic fertilizer（100%NO）could increase the yield of cabbage by 5 544 and 6 433 kg/ha，with an increase of 7.16% and 8.31% respectively，and the net income increased by 5 299 and 6 476 Yuan/ha，with an increase of 6.47% and 7.91% respectively.The accumulation，agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency of nitrogen（N），phosphorus（P2O5）and potassium（K2O）were higher than those of 100%N.After applying organic materials，the nitrate content of cabbage decreased significantly，and the contents of soluble sugar，vitamin C，free amino acids and protein increased. When the nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 15%，the yield，output value，net income，nutrient accumulation，quality，agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency of N，P2O5 and K2O treated with biochar（85%NB）and commercial organic fertilizer（85%NO）were equivalent to those treated with 100%N（the difference was not significant），which could stabilize and increase yield，and the effect of commercial organic fertilizer was better than biochar.When nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 30%，even if biochar（70%NB） and commercial organic fertilizer（70%NO）were applied，the yield，output value，net income，nutrient accumulation，quality，fertilizer utilization rate of cabbage decreased compared with 100%N treatment.In summary，in the high altitude cold vegetable area of Guizhou，the application of biochar or commercial organic fertilizer can replace 15% of chemical nitrogen fertilizer，and the substitution effect of commercial organic fertilizer is better than biochar.It is suggested that the input of nitrogen fertilizer in this area is 191.25 kg/ha，and 6 000 kg/ha organic materials should be applied at the same time，and commercial organic fertilizer is more appropriate. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Chromosome Sets Characteristics of Sesame Cultivated Species and Wild Species Based on FISH and GISH Technologies MA Qin, ZHAO Ruihong, JU Ming, CHEN Chengbin, DUAN Yinghui, YANG Weifei, MIAO Hongmei, ZHANG Haiyang, Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (10): 48-53.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.006 Abstract （1397）      PDF （2483KB）（65）       Knowledge map    Save To reveal the evolutionary characteristics of Sesamum,explore the genome structure revolution and species evolution,and promote the development and utilization of wild resources,the cultivated species S.indicum(var.Yuzhi 11)and the 2n=26 type wild species S.alatum(var.3651)were used as experimental materials,fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)and genome fluorescence in situ hybridization(GISH)techniques were used to analyze the chromosome sets characteristics of sesame cultivated species and wild species.The results showed that both the cultivated species Yuzhi 11 and the wild species S.alatum(var.3651)were 2n=2x=26 karyotype;the rDNA⁃FISH hybridization results indicated that in the 13 pairs of chromosomes of the cultivated species Yuzhi 11,3 pairs of chromosomes(the 7th,8th and 9th pairs)had 45S rDNA⁃specific signals at the short arm tips,which were displayed as satellite specific chromosome.At the same time,2 pairs of chromosomes(the 5th and 11th pairs)had 5S rDNA⁃specific signals on the short arms,with the 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA signals located on different chromosomes. In the wild species S.alatum(var.3651),2 pairs of chromosomes(the 4th and 7th pairs)carried 45S rDNA hybridization signals and 1 pair of chromosome(the 4th pair)carried 5S rDNA specific signals,with the 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA signals located on the same chromosome but at different positions.This indicated that there were significant differences in chromosome characteristics between the cultivated species and the wild species S.alatum(var.3651).The GISH hybridization results showed that when using the genomic DNA of the cultivated species Yuzhi 11 and the wild species S.alatum(var.3651)as probes for self⁃hybridization,each chromosome carried hybridization signals of varying strengths,while hybridization with the other’s chromosomes showed very few hybridization signals.The cultivated species and the wild species S.alatum(var.3651)have the same number of chromosomes,but there are clear differences in the quantity,distribution of rDNA,and GISH signal sites,indicating that the 2n=26 type cultivated species and wild species have distant phylogenetic relationship. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome Analysis of Wheat Roots in Response to Heavy Metal Pb Stress WANG Yiren, NIE Mengjie, WANG Yuquan, HU Xigui, DING Weihua, HU Tiezhu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (6): 8-15.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.06.002 Abstract （1359）      PDF （1836KB）（483）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the molecular mechanism of wheat in response to heavy metal Pb stress,the wheat cultivar AK58 was treated with different concentrations [0 (CK),40,80,160 mg/L] of Pb by hydroponic method, the root transcriptome was sequenced, then the differentially expressed genes were screened and analyzed, and GO classification and KEGG enrichment analysis were done.The results showed that under different concentrations of Pb,the root length and number of wheat were inhibited,and the inhibition effect was stronger with the increase of Pb concentration.A total of 38 904 differentially expressed genes were obtained between Pb stress treatment and CK.Among them,there were 6 072,16 581 and 16 251 differentially expressed genes under 40,80 and 160 mg/L Pb stresses,respectively.The differentially expressed genes of treatment with 80 mg/L Pb were selected as the research focus for GO classification and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. GO classification showed that up-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in immune system processes,exercise processes,metabolic processes,rhythmic processes,catalytic activity and electron carrier activity;the down-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in development,growth,localization,replication,reproduction processes,transport activity and antioxidant enzyme activity.KEGG enrichment analysis found that up-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction pathway,plantpathogen interaction pathway,drug metabolism pathway and MAPK signaling pathway;the down-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathway,phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway,antibiotic biosynthesis pathway,carbon metabolism and sucrose metabolism.Six differentially expressed genes responding to Pb stress were selected for RT-PCR verification.The results showed that the expression patterns of the six differentially expressed genes were consistent with the results of RNA-Seq analysis,which further verified the accuracy of the RNA-Seq results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Growth Response and Tolerance Evaluation of 32 Spinach Varieties to Cadmium Stress MIAO Mingjun, LI Jiajia, LEI Xiaokui, LIN Yang, LIAO Jichao, ZHONG Jian, LI Ju, LI Yuejian, CHANG Wei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 108-116.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.011 Abstract （1357）      PDF （2257KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Save Cadmium(Cd)is a highly toxic heavy metal element.To identify Cd‑tolerant spinach varieties and screen related identification indexes,and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of Cd‑tolerant varieties,in the present study,we conducted a hydroponic experiment using 32 spinach varieties in China.The spinach was exposed to Cd stress(Cd concentration of 50 μmol/L)for 20 days,while the other group of plants was treated as a control(Cd concentration of 0 μmol/L).After the plants reached maturity,we measured the agronomic traits and Cd content.The integrated Cd tolerance of each spinach variety was evaluated by principal component analysis,affiliation function analysis,and correlation analysis.The results showed that plant height,root length,underground fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,aboveground Cd content,underground Cd content and translocation coefficient of the participating varieties under Cd stress conditions were significantly different from the control.Under Cd stress,the growth and biomass accumulation of spinach were inhibited,and the indicators of each trait decreased significantly.The order of average reduction of each agronomic index was aboveground fresh weight>plant height>underground fresh weight>root length.The principal component analysis of Cd stress tolerance index of the seven indexes was performed,and three principal components were selected，with a cumulative variance contribution of 81.552%;The composite evaluation value(D value)showed highly significant positive correlations(P<0.01)with plant height,underground fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,aboveground Cd content,and translocation coefficient,which can be used as the preferred indexes for the evaluation of Cd tolerance in spinach.Based on the principal component analysis,we classified the 32 spinach varieties into three categories:Cd‑tolerant,moderate,and Cd‑sensitive varieties.Among the varieties tested,Jin’ge and Micro orchid exhibited strong Cd tolerance,while Desai 176 was found to be Cd‑sensitive. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cloning of Maize ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L Genes and Their Transcriptional Abundance in Responses to Different Light Treatments YAO Shuaitao, WU Wenjing, WANG Shaoci, ZHAN Weimin, LIU Tong, JIANG Liangliang, YANG Jianping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (3): 26-35.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.03.003 Abstract （1335）      PDF （2196KB）（291）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the function of maize（Zea mays）HY5（elongated hypocotyl 5）gene，two HY5 genes were cloned from maize inbred line B73，named ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L，respectively.Real‑time quantitative PCR（qRT‑PCR） was used to analyze the expression levels of ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L genes in different tissues of maize and their transcriptional abundance in responses to different light，conversion light and long and short sunshine treatments.The results showed that HY5 of Zea mays had similar domains and high amino acid sequence identity with those of Sorghum bicolor，Miscanthus lutarioriparius，Setaria italica and Arabidopsis thaliana，suggesting that they may have similar functions.The tissue expression patterns of ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L genes were similar，with the highest expression level in leaves，but the expression level of ZmHY5 gene was significantly higher than that of ZmHY5L gene.The response patterns of ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L genes to different continuous light were basically similar.ZmHY5 gene had the highest expression level under blue light condition，and more obvious response to darkness to white light.The response ability of ZmHY5L gene under long‑day condition was stronger than that of ZmHY5 gene，while ZmHY5 gene had stronger response ability in darkness phase under short‑day condition.Overall，ZmHY5 and ZmHY5L genes may play a role in maize photomorphogenesis and flowering regulation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Antibacterial Properties of an Antagonistic Bacterium Bacillus safensis against Walnut Fungal Disease ZHANG Zhixiao, HU Lianrong, LIU Ling, JI Mei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (12): 97-104.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.12.014 Abstract （1325）      PDF （6820KB）（575）       Knowledge map    Save To seek out the bacteria which had antifungal ability for walnut fungal disease, plate face-off test and co-culture test were carried out for antifungal characteristics of strain 7-3 in the lab.The morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics test,and 16S rRNA 16S rRNA phylogeny analysis of strain 7-3 were studied.The results showed that strain 7-3 was Bacillus safensis 7-3,it had a certain inhibitory effect on a variety of walnut pathogens, with a broad antibacterial spectrum and strong antibacterial ability.The highest antagonistic activity was showed on the Diaporthe nobilis,inhibition rate was 82.9%.Meantime,the spore malformation of Pestalotiopsis disseminata was found when it was adhered with cell of strain 7-3,the same result was found when it was deal with high temperature sterilized fermentation broth or fermentation broth filter of strain 7-3.The results suggested that B.safensis 7-3 had excellent,stable and wide antifungal ability,its potential application was presented as a biological control agent for walnut fungal diseases management. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Silicon and Selenium on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Enzyme System of Cucumber Seedlings under Cadmium Stress YU Minmin, FAN Wenhua, LIU Fenwu, TIAN Ludan, WANG Gailing, MENG Qinghui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (1): 116-124.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.012 Abstract （1321）      PDF （1494KB）（315）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effects of silicon（Si）and selenium（Se）on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system of cucumber seedlings under cadmium（Cd） stress in calcareous soil，and provide a theoretical basis for the application of Si and Se in alleviating Cd toxicity，pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of single or simultaneous application of Si（300 mg/kg）and Se（2，4 mg/kg）on cucumber seedling growth，chlorophyll content，photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity under Cd（5 mg/kg）stress. The results showed that Cd stress had obvious toxic effects on plant growth，leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in cucumber seedlings. Compared with blank control，the chlorophyll content，net photosynthetic rate（Pn），transpiration rate（Tr） and stomatal conductance（Gs）of cucumber leaves under Cd treatment were decreased significantly，the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration（Ci）increased significantly，the activities of peroxidase（POD），superoxide dismutase（SOD） and catalase（CAT） decreased significantly，while the content of malongizldehyde（MDA）increased significantly. Cd toxicity was alleviated under the application of 300 mg/kg Si or 2，4 mg/kg Se，which could promote the growth of cucumber，increase the chlorophyll content and Pn，Tr，Gs and POD，SOD，CAT activities of cucumber leaves，and reduce the Ci and MDA content. The effect of simultaneous application of Si and Se was more obvious than that of single application of Si or Se，and the application of 300 mg/kg Si and 2 mg/kg Se had the best effect. Compared with single application of Cd，Pn，Tr and Gs of cucumber leaves significantly increased by 18.53%，42.67% and 87.50%，respectively，Ci significantly decreased by 35.61%，POD，SOD and CAT activities significantly increased by 87.65%，32.40% and 23.58%，respectively，and MDA content significantly decreased by 42. 68%.The results show that applying Si and Se in calcareous soil can alleviate the toxicity of Cd to cucumber，enhance the photosynthesis of cucumber leaves and improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme system，and the simultaneous application of Si and Se has a certain synergistic effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Colchicine Mutagenesis on Emergence Rate and Quality of Tigernut（Cyperus esculentus L.） WEI Zunmiao, LIU Jiayao, CHENG Yan, WANG Zhanhai, XU Fangda, CHEN Xin, MU Zhongsheng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (11): 50-55.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.11.006 Abstract （1307）      PDF （5164KB）（63）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the half‑lethal dose for colchicine mutagenesis of tigernut（Cyperus esculentus L.）tuber and obtain high quality variant germplasm resources，the tubers before and after germination were mutagenized with different concentrations（0，1，2，3，4 g/L）of colchicine，the emergence rate was calculated one month later，and the quality was tested by the near‑infrared（NIR）grain analyzer after maturity.The results showed that whether mutagenesis was done before or after germination，the emergence rate of tigernut decreased with the increase of colchicine concentration and mutagenesis time，colchicine concentration had extremely significant effect on the emergence rate，mutagenesis time had significant effect on the emergence rate.Before germination，tigernut tuber was more sensitive to colchicine，the half‑lethal dose of colchicine was lower than that of mutagenesis after germination，and mutagenesis before germination could cause bud deformity，but buds of mutagenesis treatment after germination did not obviously change.On the principle of low mutagenesis concentration and short mutagenesis time to half‑lethal dose，the optimal half‑lethal dose of colchicine was colchicine concentration of 1 g/L，mutagenesis for 24 hours before germination of tigernut tuber.By testing，one germplasm resource with starch content higher than 32% and six germplasm resources with total sugar content higher than 36% in tuber were obtained，which layed the foundation for high‑quality breeding. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Mechanisms Responding to High Temperature Stress during Anthesis Stage in Zhengdan 309 LI Chuan, HUANG Lu, QIAO Jiangfang, ZHANG Meiwei, ZHANG Panpan, NIU Jun, LIU Jingbao, WANG Shufeng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (2): 19-31.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.02.003 Abstract （1257）      PDF （2063KB）（360）       Knowledge map    Save The ear-leaf samples collected from Zhengdan 309 under normal condition(CK) and high temperature stress for 7 d and 14 d were used for RNA-sequencing using Illumina HiSeqTM2500 high-throughput sequencing technology and metabolome profiling analysis using liquid-chromatographymass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites were explored to clarify the mechanism of maize responding to high temperature stress at the anthesis stage.The transcriptome sequencing results showed that 515 DEGs were detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with the control under normal growth condition, of which 75 genes were up-regulated,and 440 genes were down-regulated.There were 506 DEGs detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 14 d compared with the control under normal growth condition,including 114 up-regulated genes and 392 down-regulated genes. There were 2 050 DEGs detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under high temperature stress for 14 d, of which 790 genes were up-regulated,and 1 260 genes were down-regulated. The DEGs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under the normal condition were concentrated in extracelluar region, molecular function regulator and other GO classification.The DEGs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 14 d compared with that under the normal condition were mainly enriched in rhythmic process, extracelluar region and other GO classification.The DEGs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under high temperature stress for 14 d were mainly enriched in cell part, single-organism process and other GO classification.The DEGs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under the normal condition,Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 14 d compared with that under the normal condition and Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under high temperature stress for 14 d were mainly distributed in 5, 7 and 15 major KOG/COG classifications, respectively, and were mainly annotated into 6,7,20 KEGG metabolic pathways. There were 654 metabolites detected in Zhengdan 309,40 differentially expressed metabolites(DEMs) were detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under the normal condition, of which 8 metablites were up-regulated,and 32 metablites were down-regulated.There were also 40 DEMs detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 14 d compared with that under the normal condition, including 4 up-regulated metablites and 36 down-regulated metablites.There were 46 DEMs detected in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under high temperature stress for 14 d, of which 17 metablites were up-regulated,and 29 metablites were down-regulated.The 40 DEMs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under the normal condition were concentrated in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, arginine and proline metabolism and other KEGG pathways.The 40 DEMs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 14 d compared with that under the normal condition were concentrated in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, steroid biosynthesis and other KEGG pathways.The 46 DEMs in Zhengdan 309 under high temperature stress for 7 d compared with that under high temperature stress for 14 d were mainly enriched in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism and other KEGG pathways. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Crop Leaf Diseases Based on Improved MobileNetV2 Model WANG Huanxin, SHEN Zhihao, LIU Quan, LIU Jinjiang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (4): 143-151.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.04.017 Abstract （1251）      PDF （2715KB）（377）       Knowledge map    Save In order to achieve convenient recognition of crop leaf disease images based on mobile，improve the efficiency of crop disease recognition and thus better guide crop disease control，a crop disease recognition model was established based on an improved lightweight convolutional neural network MobileNetV2.First，a crop dataset containing 15 types of diseased leaves and 4 types of healthy leaves was created and the data was balanced using data enhancement operations.Second，based on the improvement of MobileNetV2，efficient channel attention（ECA）and attentional feature fusion（AFF）were introduced，and the redundant layers were removed by model pruning，and a high⁃performance lightweight crop disease recognition model was proposed.The results showed that the number of parameters of the improved MobileNetV2 model was reduced by 15.37% compared with that of MobileNetV2，while the recognition accuracy was improved by 0.9 percentage points to 98.4% compared with that before the improvement.Compared with the classical convolutional neural network models such as EfficientNet⁃b0 and ShuffleNetV2⁃0. 5X，the improved model not only had the highest recognition accuracy，but also had a faster convergence rate during training. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Filling Characteristics of Grains at Different Positions of Maize Ear ZHANG Panpan, LI Chuan, ZHANG Meiwei, YU Xiaohong, MU Weilin, GUO Hanxiao, QIAO Jiangfang, ZHANG Guitang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 16-27.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.002 Abstract （1250）      PDF （1837KB）（62）       Knowledge map    Save The high Zn efficiency variety Zhengdan 958(ZD958)and Zn no‑sensitive variety Longping 638(LP638)were used as materials.The field plot experiment was conducted with three N rates[225 kg/ha(HN),180 kg/ha(MN)and 90 kg/ha(LN)]and two foliar Zn treatments［no Zn(F0),spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage(F1)],and the effects of N and Zn application on the filling characteristics of grains at different positions and their relationship with grain yield of different Zn efficiency varieties were studied,so as to provide reference for N and Zn application in the maize production.The results showed that HN treatment had the highest yield,followed by MN treatment,and there was no significant difference between HN treatment and MN treatment.HN treatment increased grain weight at different positions.MN treatment delayed the time with the maximum grain‑filling rate(TGmax)at different positions,and increased the maximum grain‑filling rate(Gmax)at upper position and active grain‑filling period(D)at basal position of ZD958 ear,while HN treatment delayed TGmax,prolonged D of different positions,and enhanced the grain weight with the maximum grain‑filling rate(WGmax)at upper and basal positions of LP638 ear,thus increasing grain yield.Compared with F0 treatment,F1 treatment significantly decreased the bare tip length by 9.9%,significantly increased the yield by 2.0%,increased the grain weight,extended D and postponed TGmax at upper and basal positions of ZD958 ear,and increased WGmax.The grain yield was significantly positively correlated with TGmax at basal position of ear,and the grain weight at middle position of ear was extremely significantly positively correlated with the grain weight at basal position of ear.To sum up,applying 180 kg/ha N and spraying 4.5 kg/ha Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage can delay TGmax at upper and basal positions of ear，extend D,and increase WGmax and grain weight of high Zn efficiency maize genotype,thus promoting the increase of yield. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic Diversity Analysis and Elite Allele Mining in Main Sesame Cultivars Released in China LI Chun, DUAN Yinghui, JU Ming, MIAO Hongmei, DU Hua, ZHANG Haiyang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (3): 55-64.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.03.007 Abstract （1241）      PDF （9942KB）（90）       Knowledge map    Save Researching the diversity of cultivars and mining the elite alleles underlying important traits are critical for sesame（Sesamum indicum L.）molecular breeding. In order to analyze the diversity of sesame cultivars in China，and to accelerate the progress of molecular breeding in sesame，the genome sequencing data of 705 sesame germplasms（including 95 modern sesame cultivars in China，405 landraces and 205 foreign germplasms）were analyzed in this study.As a result，12 704 SNP/InDel variants，which commonly existed in sesame lines，were identified，and by comparing the nucleotide diversity of 95 modern cultivars and 405 landraces，the cultivars were found to have a lower diversity level（0.158）than the landraces（0.246）.Further，by using the permutation test method，2 483 and 115 loci were found to possess significantly lower and higher nucleotide diversity respectively in the cultivars，and 1 290 loci were found to be significantly divergent between the cultivars and landraces using the genetic differentiation index（Fst）as the proxy. By selecting the intersection of the loci that were significantly divergent between the cultivars and landraces and the loci that possessed significantly higher nucleotide diversity in the 95 modern cultivars，80 loci were harvested. Of the 80 loci，14 were annotated to have high impact effect on gene functions，including the two loci Chr2：8176782 and Chr10：3441593，which were located in the disease resistance related genes（C_2_2.176 and C37.81）. Further analysis showed that the allele frequency of the two loci increased by 12.93 and 3.44 folds respectively in the cultivars compared with the landraces，and thus might contribute to the breeding for disease resistance. To sum up，the findings above suggest that some loci are significantly divergent between the cultivars and landraces，and the loci may relate to the improvement of sesame cultivars. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Reduced Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Yield and Nutrient Utilization of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation of Water⁃Fertilizer Integration ZHANG Lei, LI Huaisheng, LIU Jinxia, WANG Heya, LIANG Fei, WANG Guodong, LI Jinke, YANG Jie Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 15-22.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.003 Abstract （1216）      PDF （7200KB）（374）       Knowledge map    Save No fertilization treatment（T1），supervised fertilization treatment（T2），supervised fertilization without nitrogen fertilizer treatment（T3⁃N），supervised fertilization without phosphorus fertilizer treatment（T4⁃P） and farmers’routine fertilization treatment（T5） were set up to study the effects of reduced application of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and nutrient utilization of spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration，so as to provide scientific basis for reduced application of fertilizer for spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration. The results showed that reasonablewater and fertilizer operation could increase dry matter accumulation of spring wheat under drip irrigation. The dry weight of spring wheat of T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments was similar and high，followed by T2 treatment.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of grain，glume，stem and leaf of T2，T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments were higher than those of T5 and T1 treatments. The yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment significantly increased by 20.07% and 33.44% compared with T5 and T1 treatments respectively.Compared with T5 treatment，the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 25%，and the application rate of phosphate fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 112%，while the yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment did not reduce，even increased. Compared with the farmers’routine fertilization treatment，the fertilization treatments，（T2，T3⁃N，T4⁃P）with water and fertilizer integration could improve the agronomic efficiencies，partial productivities and utilization efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. In general，fertilization treatments with water and fertilizer integration can improve spring wheat yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency，reduce the amount of fertilizer application，and achieve the purpose of reduction of fertilizer without reduction of yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (8): 18-26.   Abstract （1198）      PDF （915KB）（379）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of HSF Gene Family in Eucommia ulmoides and Its Expression Analysis under Adverse Stresses WU Shujuan, XU Feng, WANG Guangan, WANG Chen Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (9): 46-56.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.005 Abstract （1197）      PDF （6355KB）（141）       Knowledge map    Save Heat shock transcription factors（HSFs）play important roles in plant growth and development and in response to abiotic stresses.In order to understand the information of HSF gene family members in Eucommia ulmoides and reveal the structural characteristics and expression patterns of EuHSFs,this study analyzed the physicochemical properties,protein structure,phylogeny,gene structure,conserved domains,promoter cis‑acting elements,and the expression patterns of EuHSF genes in different developmental periods and abiotic stresses by bioinformatics methods and qRT‑PCR.The results showed that a total of 21 EuHSF genes were identified from Eucommia ulmoides,which differed in protein properties,with amino acid numbers,protein theoretical molecular masses,isoelectric points and instability coefficients ranging from 68—369,7.72—42.06 ku,4.31—9.22,and 7.05—67.28,respectively,and mainly consisted of acidic,hydrophilic,and unstable nuclear proteins.Phylogeneticanalysis showed that EuHSFs were divided into three subgroups,including ClassⅠ(1 EuHSF),ClassⅡ(7 EuHSFs)and ClassⅢ(13 EuHSFs),and promoter cis‑acting element analysis revealed that a large number of light‑responsive and hormone‑responsive elements in EuHSF genes.In addition,EuHSF genes were expressed at different developmental periods in Eucommia ulmoides leaves,but there were significant differences in the expression patterns. qRT‑PCR revealed that all EuHSFs responded to different abiotic stresses(high temperature,low temperature,high salinity,and drought),e.g.,most of the EuHSFs showed elevated expression under high‑temperature stress with the prolongation of the treatment time，and they were strongly responsive to both high and low temperatures.In summary,the EuHSF gene family has the function of regulating plant response to abiotic stresses. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of Red-Edge Waveband of GF6 Satellite on Classification Accuracy of Spring Crops Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (6): 165-173.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.06.022 Abstract （1174）      PDF （3509KB）（542）       Knowledge map    Save The objective of this study is to explore the application of the red edge bands of GF6 WFV image in the identification of spring crops. Based on analysis of the spectral characteristics of single image,the identification and acreage extraction of major spring crops can be effectively achieved by random forest algorithm,taking Qixian,Henan Province as a study area,and employing basic image with 8 bands,which was collected in March 25th,2019.Combined with the ground samples and sample points data,the overall classification accuracy of four schemes, J-M distance and spectral reflectance among different training samples were calculated and analyzed.The result showed that,compared with the scheme without red-edge,the overall identification accuracy of 3 types of ground objects(winter wheat,garlic and others) with one or more red-edge was enhanced,and the separability was improved by calculating the JM distance of different features. Compared with the scheme with red-edge band 1,the overall classification accuracy of red-edge band 2 was improved by 1.98 percentage points.The overall identification accuracy of 3 types of ground objects with all red-edge bands was 86.19%,the Kappa coefficient was 0.79,while the overall identification accuracy of 3 types of ground objects without red-edge was 81.56%,and the Kappa coefficient was 0.72.By introducing all red-edge bands,the overall identification accuracy of 3 ground objects was improved by 4.63 percentage points,the separabilities of winter wheat-garlic,winter wheat-other crops and garlic-other crops were increased by 0.085 6,0.076 1 and 0.025 1 based on J-M distance,respectively.Therefore,by introducing red-edge band,the rate of wrong classification and miss classification,and “Pepper salt” effect were reduced. It could improve the overall identification accuracy of crop planting area.The result of this paper will provide a reference for the application of domesticallyproduced red-edge satellite data in agriculture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tissue Screening and Condition Optimization of Protoplast Preparation of Cyperus esculentus ZHANG Xiangge, ZHU Yajing, LU Lili, SONG Wanxian, ZHANG Xinyou, HU Haiyan, YU Meiqin, LI Juzheng, WANG Huiwei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (12): 49-56.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.006 Abstract （1161）      PDF （2734KB）（101）       Knowledge map    Save In order to obtain Cyperus esculentus protoplasts efficiently，the tissue parts including young shoots，young roots，young leaves，young leaf sheaths，tillering nodes and stolons were screened for protoplast preparation by single factor test method，and the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions such as enzyme combination dosage，enzymatic hydrolysis time，osmotic pressure stabilizer dosage and pH value of the enzyme solution were also optimized.The results showed that the best tissue part for protoplast preparation of Cyperus esculentus was young tillering node；and the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows：the enzyme combination dosage was 2.0% cellulase+0.9% macerozyme，the enzymatic hydrolysis time was 6 h，the osmotic pressure stabilizer（mannitol）dosage was 11%，and the pH value of the enzyme solution was 6.0.Under these conditions，0.2 g of Cyperus esculentus tillering nodes were added to 4 mL of enzyme solution，and then the protoplast yield could reach 22.91×105 per gram and the protoplast activity could reach 90.72%.In this study，an efficient method for protoplast preparation of Cyperus esculentus was obtained，which could lay a foundation for subsequent protoplast fusion，germplasm innovation and hybrid breeding of Cyperus esculentus. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2007, 36 (6): 12-14.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2007.06.003 Abstract （1133）      PDF （127KB）（825）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Biochar on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure of Flue‑cured Tobacco Varieties with Different Resistance to Black Shank Disease REN Zhichao, LI Xiang, LI Xianfeng, WU Lili, WANG Jing, PENG Zhiliang, LIU Guoshun, YIN Quanyu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 105-115.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.012 Abstract （1123）      PDF （5609KB）（97）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effect of biochar on the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease，and to provide theoretical basis for regulating tobacco microenvironment and comprehensively controlling black shank disease，pot experiments were conducted with different flue‑cured tobacco varieties Jingyehuang（highly susceptible variety），K326（moderately resistant variety）and NC82（highly resistant variety）as materials，and no tobacco cultivation was used as control（CK）.Two levels of biochar and no biochar were set up，with a total of eight treatments，and the effect of biochar on fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank was explored by high‑throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that，after applying biochar，the incidence and disease index of black shank disease of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease were significantly reduced，and the control effects for highly susceptible variety Jingyehuang，moderately resistant variety K326 and highly resistant variety NC82 were 56.52%，31.00% and 27.00% respectively. Under the condition of no biochar application，the fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil of high‑resistance variety NC82 and high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang was relatively higher，while that of middle‑resistance variety K326 was relatively lower. After biochar application，the fungal diversity of middle‑resistance variety K326 increased significantly，while the fungal diversity of high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang and high‑resistance variety NC82 decreased in different degrees. LefSe analysis showed that the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil of different resistant flue‑cured tobacco varieties were significantly different without biochar application，and the application of biochar changed the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil，with obvious differences among varieties. PCoA analysis showed that under the condition of no biochar application，compared with the soil without tobacco planting，the sample points of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties were obviously separate，and the application of biochar changed the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties.To sum up，applying biochar can significantly reduce the occurrence of tobacco black shank disease.The rhizosphere soil fungal community structure of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease has different responses to biochar input. In production，variety factors should be considered when using biochar to improve soil and tobacco microecological environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Rice Phenotypic Parameters Extraction and Biomass Estimation Based on Three⁃Dimensional Model CHENG Zhiqiang, FANG Shenghui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (7): 144-153.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.07.015 Abstract （1120）      PDF （6848KB）（438）       Knowledge map    Save The phenotype detection methods based on two⁃dimensional images lack spatial dimension information and have difficulty in extracting comprehensive rice phenotype parameters.Therefore，it is of great significance to establish a three⁃dimensional model of rice to extract comprehensive rice phenotype parameters.The volume is an important parameter indicating the growth status of rice. How to obtain rice volume parameters without damaging the rice plant is still a problem to be solved in current research.Based on the above considerations，a method of rice phenotypic parameters extraction and biomass estimation based on three⁃dimensional model is proposed in this paper，which can extract rice volume parameters and estimate rice biomass without damaging the rice plant.This study focused on potted rice，first reconstructed its three⁃dimensional model using the Alpha⁃shape algorithm，and then extracted and evaluated rice height，stem thickness，vegetation coverage，volume parameters，and estimated rice biomass based on the volume parameter.The experimental results showed that space carving could reconstruct a high⁃precision three⁃dimensional model of rice and accurately measure rice phenotype parameters and biomass，the RMSE and MAPE of rice height，stem thickness，and single plant vegetation coverage were 63.27 mm，4.01 mm，5.04% and 7.15%，14.91%，12.59%，and the RMSE and MAPE of rice biomass were 62.44 g and 19.25%，which were better than the results obtained by existing three⁃dimensional reconstruction software. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2006, 35 (9): 30-32.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2006.09.009 Abstract （1110）      PDF （118KB）（638）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics