Screening of Cellulose and Lignin Degrading Bacteria and Their Effect on Composting of Mushroom Residue

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.09.007

Abstract

Abstract: In order to screen high‑efficiency composite bacteria that promote the degradation of cellulose and lignin in the composting process of mushroom residue,sodium carboxymethyl cellulose plate method,Congo red staining method and lignin plate method were used for preliminary screening，combined with filter paper strip disintegration test,aniline blue decolorization rate determination and cellulose and lignin enzyme activity determination test for rescreening from the mushroom residue waste,and then they were used for aerobic composting test to study the physical and chemical parameters and microbial community changes in the process,and to evaluate their degradation ability of cellulose and lignin in mushroom residue.The results showed that the enriched cellulose‑degrading bacteria could completely degrade the filter paper within 6 days,and the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase(CMCase),filter paper enzyme(FPA),exoglucanase(C1)and β‑glucosidase(β‑Gase)reached 2.50,7.30,3.43 and 2.90 U/mL,respectively.The maximum decolorization rate of aniline blue reached 92.10% within 5 days by enriched lignin degrading bacteria，and the activities of lignin peroxidase(Lac),laccase(Lip)and manganese peroxidase(Mnp)reached 0.80,2.42 and 1.35 U/mL,respectively.The results of composting test showed that compared with the natural composting treatment(CK),the highest temperature of the pile body was 58.77℃,and the high temperature(>55℃)lasted for 5 days.The relative decomposition rate of cellulose and lignin increased by 35.83% and 54.33% respectively.The addition of microbial agents increased the richness of bacterial community in the middle stage of composting,and the relative abundance of Pseudomonas,Idiomarina,lutamicibacter,Thiopseudomonas,Globicatella,Pusillimonas,Lysobacter and Brumimicrobium increased. Redundancy analysis(RDA)results showed that temperature,pH value and electrical conductivity(EC value)were the significant factors affecting the composition of bacterial community in the middle stage of composting.In summary,the composite degrading bacteria screened in this study can effectively degrade cellulose and lignin,and prolong the high temperature period of composting

Key words: Degrading bacteria, Cellulose, Lignin, Screening, Mushroom residue, Composting experiment, Bacterial community composition, Environmental factor

摘要： 为筛选能促进食用菌菌渣堆肥过程中纤维素、木质素降解的高效复合菌，采用羧甲基纤维素钠平板法、刚果红染色法、木质素平板法从菌渣废弃物中对其进行初筛，结合滤纸条崩解试验、苯胺蓝脱色率测定以及纤维素、木质素酶活力测定试验对其进行复筛，之后将其用于好氧堆肥试验，研究该过程中物料理化参数和微生物群落变化，评估其对菌渣纤维素、木质素的降解能力。结果表明，富集得到的纤维素降解菌，6 d内可将滤纸条完全降解，羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）、滤纸酶（FPA）、外切葡聚糖酶（C1）和β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-Gase）活力分别达到2.50、7.30、3.43、2.90 U/mL；富集得到的木质素降解菌5 d内苯胺蓝脱色率最大值达92.10%，木质素过氧化物酶（Lac）、漆酶（Lip）和锰过氧化物酶（Mnp）活力分别达到0.80、2.42、1.35 U/mL。堆肥试验结果表明，与自然堆肥处理（CK处理）相比，添加纤维素、木质素2种降解菌处理（XM处理），堆体最高温度为58.77 ℃，高温（>55℃）持续5 d，纤维素、木质素相对分解率提高值分别为35.83%、54.33%。添加菌剂提高堆肥中期细菌群落丰富度，假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、海源菌属（Idiomarina）、谷氨酸杆菌属（Glutamicibacter）、硫代单胞菌属（Thiopseudomonas）、格鲁比卡氏菌属（Globicatella）、极小单胞菌属（Pusillimonas）、溶杆菌属（Lysobacter）、Brumimicrobium等微生物相对丰度增大。冗余分析（RDA）结果表明，温度、pH值、电导率（EC值）是影响堆肥试验中期细菌群落组成的显著因素。综上，筛选的复合降解菌可有效降解纤维素、木质素，并延长堆肥高温期。

关键词: 降解菌, 纤维素, 木质素, 筛选, 菌渣, 堆肥试验, 细菌群落组成, 环境因子

CLC Number:

S646

WANG Xianxin, QI Lihua, SONG Jiangfu, ZHANG Qingge, LIU Congcong, ZHANG Qi, SONG Feifei, XU Ailing. Screening of Cellulose and Lignin Degrading Bacteria and Their Effect on Composting of Mushroom Residue[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(9): 66-79.

王献鑫, 祁丽桦, 宋江富, 张庆格, 刘丛丛, 张奇, 宋菲菲, 徐爱玲. 纤维素、木质素降解菌的筛选及对菌渣堆肥的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(9): 66-79.

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