Most Read articles

Published in last 1 year |  In last 2 years |  In last 3 years |  All

Published in last 1 year

Please wait a minute...


For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Research Progress on Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing System in Wheat Breeding CHEN Yanyan1, ZHAO Mingzhong1, LI Yan1, 2, HUA Xia1, FANG Yuhui1, 2, GONG Chen1, QI Xueli1, 2 Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 1-11.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.001 Abstract （1031）      PDF （1381KB）（259）       Knowledge map    Save Wheat is a crucial cereal crop，and the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system provides a powerful tool for wheat breeding. The principle of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system was elaborated，its applications in enhancing wheat yield related traits，improving grain quality，increasing stress resistance（biotic and abiotic stresses），and accelerating the breeding process were reviewed，and the current challenges and future prospects were explored，providing a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding of wheat. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress on Synergistic Efficiency Mechanism and Key Technologies of Maize⁃Peanut Strip Intercropping LIU Juan, ZHANG Jingjing, ZHOU Liyao, CUI Ya’nan, LIU Bing, XU Risheng, MA Tengfei, CHEN Yafei, LIU Haijiao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (3): 10-18.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.03.002 Abstract （713）      PDF （1722KB）（176）       Knowledge map    Save Maize⁃peanut strip intercropping is an intensive and sustainable agroecosystem，and plays a critical role in ensuring the coordinated security of grain and oil crops in China.This paper systematically elucidated the‘aboveground⁃belowground’synergistic mechanisms of maize⁃peanut strip intercropping，from the aspects of efficient light utilization of aboveground part，coordinated and efficient utilization of water，and rhizosphere interactions coupled with nutrient cycling of belowground part. Furthermore，key cultivation techniques were summarized，including planting patterns，planting density，cultivar selection，and precision nutrient management.The productivity， economic benefit， and ecological and environmental benefits of maize⁃peanut strip intercropping were also clarified. Finally，the future development prospect was discussed. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Characteristics of Fish Community Structure in Qianxia Lake CHEN Huan, LIAN Qingping, MENG Zhou, GUO Aihuan, SHENG Pengcheng, CHEN Guangmei, YUAN Julin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 141-149.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.015 Abstract （687）      PDF （2227KB）（497）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the characteristics of fish community structure in Qianxia Lake，a two‐year survey was conducted from 2022 to 2023，with sampling performed once in March，July，October，and December of each year，resulting in a total of eight sampling events. The results showed that a total of 40 fish species were collected and identified，belonging to 3 orders，9 families，and 31 genera.Among them，Cypriniformes accounted for the highest proportion（30 species，75%）.Ecological type analysis indicated that sedentary（92.50%），omnivorous（50%），and bottom‐dwelling fish（42.5%）were the main ecological groups.Community structure analysis identified six dominant species：Hemiculter leucisculus，Sinibrama macrops，Xenocypris microlepis，Coptodon zillii，Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Culter alburnus.The results of Margalef species richness index and Shannon‐Wiener diversity index in biodiversity indexes showed that 2023 was higher than 2022.The results of catch per unit fishing effort showed that the average catch number per unit fishing effort and catch biomass per unit fishing effort in 2023 were higher than those in 2022，and the peak of catch number per unit fishing effort and catch biomass per unit fishing effort appeared in July 2023，with values of 8.32 ind（/m²·d）and 1 131.88 g（/m²·d），respectively.The abundance‐biomass comparison curve（W2=0.037）indicated that the water body was in a moderately disturbed state.In summary，the construction of the Qianxia Lake Reservoir has changed the original fish resources situation. At the same time，the increase in the number of alien species and the risk of fish miniaturization may have a negative impact on the indigenous fish in the water area. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Process Optimization of Microbe‐Enzyme Synergy Fermentation of Low‐grade Tobacco Leaves and Impact on Aroma Components LIU Yuanshang, WU Pan, ZHAO Yifan, DONG Lu, QU Lili, TIAN Shu, XU Chunping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 159-170.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.017 Abstract （571）      PDF （7092KB）（198）       Knowledge map    Save To improve the quality and usability of low‐grade tobacco leaves，aroma‐producing yeast（Y8‐12）and different biological enzyme preparations were used to co‐ferment low‐grade tobacco leaves，and the best combination of microbe‐enzyme preparations that could significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves was screened.Subsequently，based on the degree of quality improvement，fermentation parameters were systematically optimized using single factor experiments combined with response surface methodology.Finally，changes in chemical composition and sensory quality before and after fermentation under optimal conditions were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that different biological enzyme preparations combined with aroma‐producing yeast fermentation could effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves.Among them，the G4 group composed of cellulase+pectinase+hemicellulase+lipase+aroma‐producing yeast had the most obvious improvement effect，its quality improvement degree reached 0.94，and the content of total volatile aroma components increased to 197.57 μg/g.Through the response surface optimization combined with the actual production operation，the optimum process conditions were determined as follows：Fermentation time 4 d，fermaentation temperature 37 ℃，enzyme addition 0.4%.Under these conditions，the quality improvement degree increased to 1.15.After fermentation，the reducing sugar，chlorine and total sugar contents increased by 18.28%，-13.33% and 9.62%，respectively.The content of characteristic aroma substances such as phenylethanol，4‐oxo‐isophorone， geranylacetone，megastigmatrienone and phenethyl acetate were increased significantly.In summary，microbe‐enzyme synergistic fermentation under suitable conditions offers a rapid and effective strategy for improving low‐grade tobacco leaves and provides a reference for microbial applications in the tobacco industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Stalk Traits and Comprehensive Evaluation of Lodging Resistance of 150 Maize Inbred Lines SHI Dakun, LI Fangjie, WEI Xiaoyi, HONG Defeng, LIU Jingwei, WANG Jiamu, ZHANG Xuehai, WEI Feng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 51-59.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.006 Abstract （546）      PDF （3631KB）（82）       Knowledge map    Save The stem traits（including stem length，stem diameter，dry weight，dry weight per unit length of the aboveground 3rd to 5th internodes，stem puncture strength and stem crushing strength）of 150 improved American maize inbred lines（with Zheng 58 as the control）planted during 2023—2024 were analyzed.Correlation analysis，cluster analysis，principal component analysis（PCA），and grey relational analysis were comprehensively applied to evaluate lodging resistance，and screen inbred lines with high lodging resistance，so as to provide theoretical support for the breeding of lodging‐resistant maize varieties.The results showed that among the 150 maize inbred lines，the dry weight of the aboveground 3rd internode exhibited the richest variation，with the largest variation coefficients of 46.51% and 39.52% in two years，respectively.Correlation analysis revealed that stem crushing strength was extremely significantly positively correlated with stem puncture strength；both stem puncture strength and stem crushing strength were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with the aboveground 3rd internode stem length，as well as stem diameter，dry weight，and dry weight per unit length of the aboveground 3rd to 5th internodes.Cluster analysis indicated that the maize inbred lines were divided into 4 clusters，among which cluster Ⅰ and cluster Ⅱ had high stem puncture strength and stem crushing strength.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rates of the first two principal components in 2023 and the first three principal components in 2024 reached 82.51% and 84.57%，respectively.A total of 9 inbred lines（XM082，XM026，XM059，XM107，XM084，XF001，XM119，XM117，XM040）ranked in the top 20% of the 150 inbred lines in terms of comprehensive lodging resistance score in both 2023 and 2024，and their comprehensive lodging resistance scores were significantly higher than that of the control Zheng 58.Grey relational analysis demonstrated that the dry weight，dry weight per unit length and stem diameter of the aboveground 3rd to 5th internodes had relatively high relational degrees with the comprehensive lodging resistance score，which could be used as important indicators for the identification of maize lodging resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Metabolite Differences and Anthocyanin Quantitative Analysis of Black Wolfberry from Different Regions WU Jingjie, LIU Hongxia Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (1): 76-87.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.01.007 Abstract （521）      PDF （10715KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save In order to clarify the differences in metabolite composition and anthocyanin content among black wolfberries（Lycium ruthenicum）from different origins，so as to provide a basis for quality evaluation and origin identification of black wolfberries，based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry（UHPLC‐MS/MS） technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis，the metabolic differences of black wolfberries from three origins，namely，Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province（QHL），Linzhi City in Tibet Autonomous Region（XZL），and Shenmu City in Shaanxi Province（SXL），were systematically compared，and a quantitative analysis method of anthocyanin was established for determination and comparison. The results showed that a total of 21 categories and 629 metabolites were identified in the fruits of black wolfberries from the three origins，with flavonoids，amino acids and their derivatives，and organic acids and their derivatives accounting for a relatively higher proportion.Principal component analysis（PCA）and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis（OPLS‐DA）results indicated significant differences in the metabolism of black wolfberries from the three origins.The screening results of differential metabolites showed that there were 494 differential metabolites between SXL and QHL black wolfberries，111 between XZL and QHL black wolfberries，and 478 between XZL and SXL.The quantitative analysis results of anthocyanins showed that，calculated as delphinidin‐3‐O‐glucoside（DPG）equivalents，the total anthocyanin content of QHL black wolfberries was the highest，at 49.71 mg/g；XZL was second，at 37.58 mg/g；and SXL was the lowest，at 32.23 mg/g.The KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways related to tryptophan metabolism，amino acid biosynthesis，and flavonoid biosynthesis.In summary，there were significant differences in the metabolites of black wolfberry fruits from Qinghai，Tibet，and Shaanxi，with the highest anthocyanin content in Qinghai origin，and these differences were mainly enriched in pathways related to amino acid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Investigation of Weed Community in Soybean Field and Screening of Highly Effective Herbicides YANG Ruosheng, LI Jiuying, XUE Fei, SUN Lanlan, SU Wangcang, XU Hongle, WU Renhai Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 110-120.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.012 Abstract （514）      PDF （1408KB）（180）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the occurrence of malignant weeds in soybean fields in Henan Province and identify herbicides for controlling harmful broadleaf weeds therein，field surveys were carried out to statistically analyze the weed community in 19 major soybean⁃producing regions of Henan Province，and laboratory bioassays were performed to evaluate the activity of 11 soil treatment herbicides and 14 foliar treatment herbicides against the malignant weeds in soybean fields，including C.melo，C.argentea，C.communis，and A.retroflexus.The results of weed community survey showed that 8 weed species，including D.sanguinalis，A.australis，T.aestivum，A.retroflexus，E.indica，C.melo，P.oleracea，and E.crus‑galli，had a relative abundance of over 20% in soybean fields，while the relative abundance of A. theophrasti，E. prostrata，C.argentea，V.radiata，S.viridis，and C.ficifolium ranged from 3% to 20%.The results of laboratory bioassays indicated that the soil treatment herbicides metribuzin，prometryn，pyroxasulfone，and foliar treatment herbicides such as glufosinate⁃ammonium，lactofen，fluoroglycofen⁃ethyl，and MCPA⁃Na had high efficacy against C.melo.The soil treatment herbicides metribuzin，prometryn，oxyfluorfen，pyroxasulfone，flumioxazin，and s⁃metolachlor，along with foliar treatment herbicides such as fomesafen，bentazone，glyphosate，imazamox，glufosinate⁃ammonium，and imazethapyr exhibited high efficacy against C.argentea.For C.communis，only acetochlor with different application amounts showed higher efficacy and fluroxypyr had high control efficacy on it among foliar treatment herbicides.The soil treatment herbicides acetochlor，flufenacet⁃methyl，metribuzin，and pyroxasulfone，along with foliar treatment herbicides such as MCPA⁃Na，imazethapyr，and lactofen showed high efficacy against A.retroflexus.In conclusion，eight weeds species including D.sanguinalis，A.australis，A.retroflexus，and C.melo were the dominant noxious weeds in soybean fields of Henan Province. Metribuzin had the best pre⁃emergence control effect on C.melo and C.argentea，while acetochlor exhibited the best pre⁃emergence control effect against C.communis and A.retroflexus.The most effective foliar herbicides for C.melo，C.argentea，C.communis，and A.retroflexus were glufosinate⁃ammonium，fomesafen，fluroxypyr，and MCPA⁃Na，respectively. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of 11 Different Varieties of Pear Paste ZHANG Sipu, CUI Wei, ZHANG Ke, LU Yunfeng, MIAO Jianyin, GUO Chaofeng, XIE Yuanming, ZHANG Yanmin, NIU Jiajia Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 167-180.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.016 Abstract （505）      PDF （17589KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save To identify pear varieties suitable for pear paste processing，this study measured the colorimetric indices，total acidity，vitamin C content，total phenolic content，amino acid composition，and volatile components of syrups produced from 11 major pear varieties cultivated in Henan Province.The pastes were assessed using an essential amino acid（EAA）scoring system，and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted via principal component analysis.The results showed that Huangguan pear paste had the highest clarity（87.65%）and the lowest browning degree（0.53）.Yuluxiang pear had the highest essential amino acid/total amino acid（25.04%）and essential amino/non⁃essential amino acid（34.17%），which was close to the requirements of ideal protein. Wonhwang pear paste achieved the highest essential amino acid ratio coefficient（SRC，87.35）.The essential amino acid index（EAAI）values of Hongxiangsu，Zhongli No.1，Yuluxiang，and Wanxiu pear pastes were all near 1.0，indicating high nutritional quality of their essential amino acids.A total of 41 volatile compounds were identified across varieties，with Hwasan pear paste having the highest number of volatile component types（21）.There was a strong correlation between various indicators.By introducing 71 indicators of different varieties of pear paste into the factor analysis calculation system，10 common factors were obtained. The cumulative contribution rate of the first 7 factors was 89.03%，and the model was obtained according to the variance contribution rate：Y=0.244 9F1+0.153 4F2+0.143 6F3+0.113 6F4+0.100 4F5+0.073 0F6+0.061 5F7.Comprehensive scores ranked the varieties in descending order as follows：Akizuki，Hwasan，Wanxiu，Hwanggeumbae，Yuluxiang，Huangguan，Hongzaosu，Wonhwang，Suli，Hongxiangsu，Zhongli No. 1 pear paste. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of 2，4‐epibrassinolide and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Hormone Metabolism of Rhododendron hybridum under High Temperature Stress GUO Jia, XIONG Dingwei, YANG Lijuan, CHENG Jianjun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 110-120.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.012 Abstract （499）      PDF （4677KB）（159）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the mechanism of heat tolerance in Rhododendron hybridum under high temperature stress by foliar application of 2，4‐electrobrassinolide（EBR），inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）Diversifiospora epigaea，as well as their combined treatment，using Rhododendron hybridum ‘Yunqi Yanxia’cuttings as experimental materials，indoor pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of control（CK，normal temperature，without adding AMF or EBR treatment），separate high temperature treatment（HS），HS+AMF，HS+EBR，HS+EBR+AMF treatment on the photosynthetic pigment content，gas exchange parameters，chlorophyll fluorescence parameters，and hormone content of R.hybridum.Under high temperature stress，the growth of R.hybridum was inhibited，and the appearance phenotype was characterized by yellowing and reduced leaf size，with most leaves dying. Spraying EBR on leaves could promote the increase of AMF infection rate，branch attachment rate，and vesicles，but had no significant effect on AMF number of entry point.Compared with high temperature treatment alone（HS），the content of chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b，total chlorophyll，and carotenoids in R.hybridum increased by 84.3%，182.3%，105.8%，and 150.6%，respectively，under HS+EBR+AMF treatment.The net photosynthetic rate（Pn），transpiration rate（Tr），stomatal conductance（Gs），and instantaneous water use efficiency（WUE） increased by 129.5%，78.9%，32.7%，and 28.1%，while the intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci） decreased by 11.7%.At the same time，HS+EBR+AMF treatment increased the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency（Fv/Fm），PSⅡ potential activity（Fv/Fo），and photochemical quenching coefficient（qP）of PSⅡ in the leaves of R.hybridum，while reducing the non photochemical quenching coefficient（NPQ）.It promoted the energy used for electron transfer per unit reaction center（EETo/RC），absorbed light energy per unit area（EABS/CSm），captured light energy（ETRo/CSm），and quantum yield of electron transfer（EETo/CSm） in R. hybridum leaves.Under high temperature stress，the contents of zeaxanthin（ZT），gibberellin（GA3），and indole‐3‐acetic acid（IAA） in the leaves of R.hybridum decreased，while the content of abscisic acid（ABA）increased.After HS+EBR+AMF treatment，ZT，GA3，and IAA contents increased by 54.2%，43.2%，and 29.5%，respectively，while the content of ABA decreased by 26.5%.EBR can promote the infection and development of AMF，and compared with single AMF or EBR treatment，the combination of the two treatments has the best effect on enhancing the heat tolerance of R.hybridum. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evolution of Quality Traits of Wheat Varieties and Difference among Different Regions in China from 2021 to 2024 ZHANG Fan, DONG Junhong, HOU Junhong, LIU Guotao, YANG Chunling Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (11): 18-29.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.003 Abstract （496）      PDF （58194KB）（65）       Knowledge map    Save In order to verify the evolution of wheat quality traits and the differences between different regions in recent years，660 national authorized wheat varieties from 11 regions were used to analyze seven quality traits（volumn weight，grain protein content，wet gluten content，stability time，water absorption rate，maximum tensile resistance and extension area）from 2021 to 2024.The results showed that the average volumn weight of wheat kernels was 808 g/L，protein content was 14.1%，wet gluten content was 31.6%，stability time was 6.2 min，water absorption rate was 59.5%，maximum tensile resistance was 383 EU，and extension area was 82 cm2 of 660 national authorized wheat varieties from 11 regions in 2021—2024. The protein content，wet gluten content，water absorption rate and maximum tensile resistance of majority varieties reached the standard of strong gluten wheat，and the main constraining index was stability time. On the whole，the medium gluten wheat varieties were main，and the weak gluten wheat varieties number were the least. Among years，the proportion of medium‑strong gluten varieties generally increased firstly and then stabilized，the proportion of weak gluten wheat decreased，while the proportion of strong gluten wheat showed no obvious pattern；volumn weight，stability time，maximum tensile resistance and extension area generally increased firstly and then decreased，but protein content，wet gluten content and water absorption rate generally decreased. Among 11 regions，strong gluten wheat varieties were mainly distributed in the southern irrigated group（G3）and northern irrigated group（G4）of Huang‑Huai winter wheat area，and weak gluten wheat varieties were only distributed in the upper reach（G1）and the middle and lower reach（G2）of Yangtze River Valley. Among regions，the average protein content was the minimum（12.2%）in G1 region，and was the maximum（14.9%）in the northeastern spring wheat region（G8）and salt‑tolerant winter wheat group in Southern Xinjiang（G11）. The distribution of wet gluten content among 11 regions was consistent with that of protein content. The stability time varied greatly among 11 regions.The average stability time was the highest（7.2 min）in the northwest spring wheat region（G9），and was the lowest（2.4 min）in G1 region. There was no major difference in average water absorption rate among 11 regions. The maximum tensile resistance and tensile area were the smallest in G1 region，followed by G2 region. Correlation analysis showed that except for the correlation between water absorption rate and extension area，there was significant or extremely significant positive correlation among other indexes. The 11 regions were divided into three groups. The group 3 included G3，G4，G5，G7，G9，G10 and G11. The quality traits of the group 3 were better，and most of the quality indexes reached the standard of strong gluten or medium‑strong gluten wheat. Overall，the wheat varieties are mainly medium gluten type in China from 2021 to 2024，followed by middle‑strong gluten and strong gluten types，the weak gluten wheat varieties are extremely rare；the stability time between varieties varies greatly，and there is a large room for improvement，so it is suggested that this trait should be given particular attention in the future breeding process. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of Growth Characteristics and Resource Status of Dominant Fish Species in Henan Section of the Main Stream of the Yellow River ZHANG Qingqing, HE Haizhan, FANG Dongdong, MA Chao, WANG Zhaoping, YANG Hui, HUI Jun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 131-140.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.014 Abstract （493）      PDF （3257KB）（113）       Knowledge map    Save To evaluate the growth dynamics and utilization status of fish resources in the Henan section of the main stream of the Yellow River，fish resources were investigated in 11 sections of Henan section of the main stream of the Yellow River in June（summer）and October（autumn）of 2023，January（winter）and May（spring）of 2024. Growth and mortality parameters as well as resource utilization status were analyzed for five dominant fish species Parabramis pekinensis，Carassius auratus，Hemiculter leucisculus，Pseudobrama simoni，Cyprinus carpio by using FiSAT Ⅱ software.The Beverton‐Holt dynamic comprehensive model was applied to assess management strategies. The results showed that the growth index（b）of the five fish species ranged from 3.02 to 3.22，exhibiting positive allometric growth.The growth coefficient（K）was 0.39—0.93，so all of them were rapid growth type.The growth performance index（φ'） was 4.02—5.41.The resource exploitation rate of four fish species，except for Cyprinus carpio，were all lower than the exploitation rate which produces maximum sustainable yield，suggesting that the stocks were not over‐exploited. The results of the Bverton‐Hort dynamic comprehensive model showed that the current catchable body length of Cyprinus carpio was relatively smaller，and increasing the catchable body length was more conducive to the recovery of fish resources than reducing the fishing intensity.Optimal resource protection and management would be achieved by setting size‐at‐first‐capture limits at 236 mm for Parabramis pekinensis，165 mm for Carassius auratus，89 mm for Hemiculter leucisculus，86 mm for Pseudobrama simoni，and 490 mm for Cyprinus carpio.In summary，in the Henan section of the the main stream of the Yellow River，the growth rate of the five dominant fish species showes an accelerating trend；Cyprinus carpio resources are overexploited. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of the Disease Prevention and Growth‑promoting Effects of Bacillus velezensis Bv1‑4 on Three Medicinal Plants and Its Whole Genome Analysis WANG Fei, LI Xuemeng, YANG Jin, GUO Zhichen, SONG Luyang, QIN Yanhong, WEN Yi, GAO Suxia, LU Shuhao, LIU Qi, QI Hongzhi, LI Shaojian Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (11): 79-90.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.009 Abstract （472）      PDF （12037KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save To evaluate the biocontrol and growth‑promoting effects of Bacillus velezensis Bv1‑4 on three medicinal plants（Dioscorea opposite Thunb.，Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.，Achyranthes bidentata Blume.）and elucidate its mechanisms，the antagonistic effects against different pathogens were assessed through plate confrontation assays and fermentation filtrate antibacterial tests，and the control efficacy was validated through indoor pot trials. Whole‑genome sequencing of strain Bv1‑4 was conducted using third‑generation sequencing technology，and genomic characteristics were analyzed to identify functional genes and assess secondary metabolite biosynthesis potential，thereby further elucidating its antagonistic mechanisms.The results showed that antibacterial rates of isolate Bv1‑4 against Fusarium solani F.oxysporum and F.proliferatum were 67.12%，54.20% and 67.97%，respectively.Both fermented filtrate and sterilized fermented filtrate inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination.In pot experiments，the biocontrol efficacy of isolate Bv1‑4（45.39%—62.31%）was comparable to that of the 500‑fold dilution of 10% difenoconazole water‑dispersible granule. And sole inoculation with isolate Bv1‑4 significantly increased root fresh weight of D.opposite，R.glutinosa，A.bidentata by 19.30%，36.66%，and 75.36%，respectively.Whole genome sequencing revealed that the genome of isolate Bv1‑4 was circular with a length of 4 075 292 bp and the G+C content of 46.35%，and had 4 030 protein‑coding genes.antiSMASH analysis predicted 14 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters in the genome of isolate Bv1‑4，including seven with complete（100%）similarity to clusters encoding amyloliquecidin GF610，macrolactin H，bacillaene，fengycin，difficidin，bacillibactin，and bacilysin.In conclusion，B.velezensis Bv1‑4 demonstrates excellent biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium diseases in medicinal plants，along with significant plant growth‑promoting traits. These findings highlight its potential for development as a specialized microbial agent for traditional Chinese medicinal crops. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of High and Stable Yield Performance and Genetic Characteristics of New Wheat Cultivar Zhengmai 9134 DONG Haibin, ZHAO Mingzhong, WANG Songfeng, DU Xijun, ZHANG Yu, QI Xueli Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 12-20.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.002 Abstract （471）      PDF （88651KB）（89）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data from the regional（2019—2021）and production trials（2020—2021）of wheat varieties resistant to Fusarium head blight in Henan Province，this study systematically analyzed the high and stable yield performance of Zhengmai 9134 and the relationship between yield and its components.Meanwhile，by using the 660K wheat chip and 0.1K functional chip，the genetic characteristics were deeply analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for its production application and parental utilization.The results showed that Zhengmai 9134 had good characteristics with high and stable yield and wide adaptability.Compared with the control variety Bainong 207，the average yield of Zhengmai 9134 reached 7 383.5 kg/ha，with increase of 6.63%；the average high stability coefficient of Zhengmai 9134 was 82.01%，with increase of 5.66 percentage points；and the average adaptation degree of Zhengmai 9134 was 78.31%，much higher than the control.Through the correlation analysis and path analysis of yield and its three components，it was found that the effective spike number had the highest direct effect on yield，followed by the thousand‐grain weight and grain number per spike.The genetic contribution of Zhengmai 0943 to Zhengmai 9134 was slightly greater than that of Xinmai 22，and the genetic transmission rates were 51.07% and 48.00%，respectively.In addition，the genetic contribution of the parents of Zhengmai 9134 had genome‐specific differences. Among them，Xinmai 22 had a higher genetic transmission rate at the A and D genome levels，which were 65.19% and 68.07%，respectively，while Zhengmai 0943 had a higher genetic transmission rate at the B genome level，which was 69. 85%. Zhengmai 9134 aggregated multiple important functional genes，including five QTL loci with resistance to stripe rust （Yr29，QYrqin.nwafu‑2AL，QYrqin.nwafu‑2BL，QYr.nwafu‑3BS and QYr.nwafu‑4BL），two genes with resistance to leaf rust（Lr37and Lr67），two loci with resistance to Fusarium head blight（QFhb.hbaas‑5AS and QFhb.caas‑5AL），two grain weight genes（Tabas1 and TaGW2‑6A），and one gene related to grain size（QGl‑4A）. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation，Identification and Studies on Plant Growth‐Promoting Properties of a Saline‐Alkaline Tolerant Bacterium XU Yan, LIANG Zhenpu, ZHANG Guozhi, YANG Xinping, ZHANG Xiaoxia Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 91-101.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.010 Abstract （455）      PDF （32883KB）（62）       Knowledge map    Save To provide microbial resources for the research and development of functional microbial fertilizers and the improvement of saline‐alkaline soil，saline‐alkaline tolerant plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Phragmites australis in the saline‐alkaline soil of Bachu County，Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Saline‐tolerant and alkaline‐tolerant microorganisms were enriched and cultivated using high‐saline and high‐alkali LB medium. Their taxonomic status was determined through morphological observation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.The saline and alkaline tolerance and alkali reduction ability of the strains were measured using LB medium with different NaCl contents and pH values.The plant growth‐promoting related characteristics of the strains，including nitrogen fixation， organic phosphorus solubilization， inorganic phosphorus solubilization，1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate（ACC）deaminase production，siderophore production，and indole‐3‐acetic acid（IAA）production，were detected using different functional identification mediums and the Salkowski colorimetric method.The growth‐promoting ability of the strains were evaluated through plate and pot experiments. The results indicated that one strain of Aidingimonas was screened out and named Aidingimonas sp.Bachu42，with a patent deposit number of CGMCC No.26952.The strain Bachu42 could grow under the conditions of NaCl content ranging from 20 to 200 g/L and pH value ranging from 7.0 to 11.0.This strain had the functions of nitrogen fixation，organic phosphorus solubilization，inorganic phosphorus solubilization，and could produce siderophores，ACC deaminase and IAA（with the highest yield reaching 12.39 μg/mL）.Under the conditions of initial pH 8.0，9.0，and 10.0 of LB medium，the strain Bachu42 could reduce the pH value of the medium by 8.75%，12.78% and 20.10%，respectively.The growth promotion effect was most significant under the condition of pH 8.0+2.0 mmol/L NaHCO3 in the tomato plate growth‐promotion test.Compared with the control，the aerial fresh weight，underground fresh weight，total fresh weight，lateral root number and leaf number of tomato inoculated with Bachu42 increased by 81.26%，160.04%，96.37%，144.88% and 26.40%，respectively.In the pot experiment of maize，the strain Bachu42 had the best growth promotion effect under 15 g/kg saline‐alkaline stress.Compared with the control group，the growth rates of aerial fresh weight，underground fresh weight，total fresh weight and plant height were 95.77%，56.27%，76.99% and 38.16%，respectively，after inoculating the strain Bachu42.In conclusion，the strain Aidingimonas sp.Bachu42 isolated and screened in this study is a strain with saline‐tolerance，alkali reduction and growth‐promoting functions，and could be utilized as a microbial fertilizer strain resource for saline‐alkaline soil. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Screening and Residue Characteristics Analysis of Efficient Control Agents for Typical Diseases of Polygonatum sibiricum#br# HAN Jie, WANG Qinghai, ZHENG Yufei, HU Jin, ZHU Wencheng, WANG Xiuguo, LIU Tong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (1): 101-109.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.01.009 Abstract （453）      PDF （1360KB）（227）       Knowledge map    Save Anthracnose and leaf spot are two common diseases affecting Polygonatum sibiricum（Huangjing），for which no highly effective and safe pesticides have been registered for control to date.To screen safe and efficient pesticides against these two diseases，this study first conducted indoor toxicity tests to investigate the inhibitory effects of different pesticides on the pathogens of P.sibiricum anthracnose and leaf spot，thereby selecting highly effective control agents.Subsequently，field efficacy trials were carried out to verify the control effects of the selected pesticides. For the screened high‐efficiency pesticides，a rapid residue analysis method was established using the quick，easy，cheap，effective，rugged，and safe（QuEChERS） sample pretreatment technique combined with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC‐MS/MS）.Meanwhile，field residue trials were performed to clarify the residue characteristics of these pesticides in P.sibiricum.The results showed that trifloxystrobin，carbendazim，and azoxystrobin exhibited good inhibitory effects on the anthracnose pathogen，with half‐maximal effective concentrations（EC50）of 0.127，0.429，and 1.061 mg/L，respectively.For the leaf spot pathogen，hexaconazole，propiconazole，difenoconazole，and carbendazim showed excellent inhibitory activities，with EC50 values of 0.759，0.968，1.657，and 1.716 mg/L，respectively.Field efficacy results indicated that 25% trifloxystrobin suspension concentrate and 250 g/L azoxystrobin suspension concentrate had good control effects on P. sibiricum anthracnose，with field control efficiencies of 87.6% and 86.3%，respectively.Additionally，25% hexaconazole suspension concentrate and 250 g/L propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate showed superior control effects on P.sibiricum leaf spot，with field control efficiencies of 93.2% and 90.2%，respectively.For the residue analysis，after extraction with acetonitrile，purification with octadecylsilane（C18），and detection by UPLC‐MS/MS，the recoveries of trifloxystrobin，azoxystrobin，propiconazole，and hexaconazole in P.sibiricum samples ranged from 82.5% to 98.3% at three spiking levels（0.02，0.50，and 10 mg/kg），with relative standard deviations（RSD）of 2.4% to 4.2%.The linear correlation coefficients（r）were all > 0. 998，the limits of quantitation（LOQ）were 0.010—0.016 mg/kg，and the limits of detection（LOD）were 0.003—0.005 mg/kg.Residue trials of the four pesticides were conducted in four locations across major P.sibiricum producing areas in China for one year. The results showed that the final residue levels of the four agents in P.sibiricum were all below the quantification limit at 21 days and 28 days after the last application，indicating low residue levels.In conclusion，25% trifloxystrobin suspension concentrate and 250 g/L azoxystrobin suspension concentrate can effectively control P.sibiricum anthracnose，while 25% hexaconazole suspension concentrate and 250 g/L propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate are effective for P.sibiricum leaf spot control.These findings provide safe and efficient pesticide options for the management of typical diseases in P.sibiricum and hold great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the P.sibiricum industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of MTL⁃ and CENH3⁃Mediated Haploid Induction Technology and Their Applications in Crops LI Xingxing, LI Yuting, ZHANG Binjie, LIU Peikun, HE Kun, ZHANG Qifan, ZHENG Binrui, SONG Yunyun, LI Haochuan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (3): 1-9.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.03.001 Abstract （447）      PDF （1412KB）（142）       Knowledge map    Save Haploid breeding technology can accelerate generation of homozygous doubled haploid（DH）lines through haploid induction followed by chromosome doubling，significantly shortening breeding cycles and improving selection efficiency. In recent years，in vivo haploid induction techniques based on the operation of key endogenous genes have become a research hotspot.Two prominent systems，pollen⁃specific phospholipase A gene MTL（MATRILINEAL）and centromere⁃specific histone H3 gene CENH3，are centered.For the MTL system，its loss⁃of⁃function disrupts phospholipid metabolism in sperm cells，leading to reactive oxygen species（ROS） burst and DNA damage.Finally，the paternal genome is eliminated through a mechanism known as‘post⁃fertilization chromosome elimination’. On the other hand，the CENH3 system involves the modification of CENH3 protein.Common strategies such as N⁃terminal tail modification， point mutations in the histone⁃fold domain， and heterologous complementation are designed to create functionally defective centromeres.These defective centromeres fail in the competition for kinetochore⁃microtubule attachment during zygotic division，leading to their selective elimination.This paper systematically reviewed the molecular mechanism of haploid induction mediated by MTL and CENH3，technical optimization strategies and the application of these technologies in major crops such as maize，rice，and wheat，and compared the differences between the two systems across several key aspects，including induction mechanisms，applicable species，induction efficiency，technical complexity，influence on plant development，and current status of industrial application.Furthermore，the integrated application potential of the above two systems in precision breeding was prospected，aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for crop genetic improvement. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification of R2R3⁃MYB Gene Family and Screening of Genes Related to Flower Color Formation in Paeonia suffruticosa YAN Gengyang, GAO Wen, LI Hang, SHANG Ye, ZHANG Juping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 121-137.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.013 Abstract （440）      PDF （30993KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the whole genome data of Paeonia suffruticosa，the R2R3⁃MYB gene family was identified to study its role in the formation of P.suffruticosa flower color and identify key regulatory genes.The physicochemical properties，chromosome location，phylogenetic analysis，gene structure，cis⁃acting elements，expression correlation and protein interaction were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The expression patterns of genes in P.suffruticosa samples were verified by qRT⁃PCR. A total of 78 R2R3⁃MYB transcription factors of P.suffruticosa were identified，all of which were located in the nucleus and were mostly hydrophilic unstable proteins with abundant cis⁃acting elements and highly conserved R2 and R3 domains at the N⁃terminal.The 78 members were divided into 26 subfamilies（P1—P26）.Among them，Ps2RMYB21，Ps2RMYB38 and Ps2RMYB33 were homologous with S4 and S7，and had conserved motifs specific to the corresponding subfamilies respectively.The expression levels of Ps2RMYB33 and Ps2RMYB38 in normal sepals，colored sepals and normal petals were increased successively，and the expression patterns of structural genes PsCHS，PsCHI3，PsF3H1，PsDFR1，PsANS and PsUFGT4 were the same.There was a significant positive correlation between them，which was consistent with the accumulation trend of anthocyanins.However，Ps2RMYB21 was opposite to the expression pattern of these structural genes，and had a very significant negative correlation with the accumulation trend of anthocyanins.The results of qRT⁃PCR were basically consistent with the transcriptome data.To sum up，Ps2RMYB21，Ps2RMYB33，Ps2RMYB38are three key genes regulating the formation of peony flower color. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Processing Quality and Its Related Genes Detection of Zhengmai 9188 CHANG Yingying, ZHAO Mingzhong, ZAN Xiangcun, CHEN Wan, HAN Liupeng, GAO Chong, QI Xueli Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 33-41.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.004 Abstract （439）      PDF （3997KB）（159）       Knowledge map    Save To clarify the performance of processing quality and the aggregation of related genes of Zhengmai 9188，the indexes of processing quality and noodle processing quality of Zhengmai 9188 were measured and evaluated at 9 locations in Henan Province from 2023 to 2024. Seven gene‐specific markers were used to identify the genes related to the processing quality of Zhengmai 9188 and its parents（Zhoumai 22 and Zhengmai 7698）.The results showed that Zhengmai 9188 had good grain quality，the average values of 1 000‐grain weight，volume weight and protein content were 44.0 g，825.1 g/L and 14.4% respectively.The average values of wet gluten content，water absorption rate，stabilization time，stretching area and maximum elongation resistance of its flour were 31.8%，60.5%，8.0 min，80.4 cm² and 417.9 BU respectively.Compared with the National Wheat Variety Approval Standards of 2024，Zhengmai 9188 met the quality standards for medium‐strong‐gluten wheat varieties.Zhengmai 9188 had higher peak viscosity and final viscosity of 2 809.7 cP and 3 303.3 cP，respectively，which were comparable to the peak viscosity and final viscosity of snowflake powder. The average setback value was 1 155.3 cP，slightly lower than that of snowflake powder.The noodles of Zhengmai 9188 were bright white and light browning.The average overall score of the noodles was 90.2，which was comparable to the score of the noodles of snowflake flour（90.4）.Noodles quality showed consistent performance among different production sites，with CV values of raw dough sheets color and browning degree less than 8%.For cooked noodles，the CV values of firmness，elasticity，smoothness，taste，surface texture，color and overall score were all less than 5%.Zhengmai 9188 integrated the excellent quality genes of Dx5/Psy‑A1b/Ppo‑A1b/Ppo‑D1a，which laid the foundation for its superior processing quality. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comprehensive Evaluation of Mid‐Early Maturing Apple Varieties Based on Grey Correlation Analysis，DTOPSIS Method，and Membership Function Method YANG Ximeng, ZHANG Biao, LI Jiali, CUI Xiufen, CAO Yafeng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 121-130.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.013 Abstract （436）      PDF （1387KB）（446）       Knowledge map    Save In order to provide a reference basis for optimizing and adjusting the apple variety structure in Longdong area of Gansu Province，12 medium and early maturing apple varieties were used as test materials，and 9 fruit quality index values（single fruit weight，fruit shape index，hardness，soluble solids content，titratable acid content，solid acid ratio，a* value，b* value and L* value）were determined.The fruit quality was comprehensively evaluated by grey correlation analysis，DTOPSIS method and membership function method.The results showed that Honeycrisp had the largest single fruit weight，Fujiuhong had the largest fruit shape index，soluble solids content and solid acid ratio，while Hongfudi had the largest hardness and L* value，and Qinyang had the largest titratable acid content，Golden Century had the largest a* value，while the b* value of Red Prince was the smallest.The variation coefficient of solid acid ratio was the largest（37.62%），while that of fruit shape index was the smallest（5.75%）.Due to the different calculation methods，the comprehensive evaluation results of gray correlation degree method，DTOPSIS method and membership function method were significantly different，but the top four varieties in the comprehensive ranking including Fujiuhong，Luli and Huashuo，which could be popularized and applied as medium‐early maturing apple varieties with excellent comprehensive quality in Longdong area of Gansu Province. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genome‐Wide Identification of the EIN3/EIL Gene Family in Lonicera japonica and Functional Analysis of LjEIL3 under Drought Stress XU Rong, LI Jinlong, CHEN Shuangcheng, ZHAO Danli Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 81-90.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.009 Abstract （428）      PDF （12976KB）（50）       Knowledge map    Save Based on Lonicera japonica genome data，bioinformatics was utilized to identify members of the EIN3/EIL gene family in Lonicera japonica，and systematic analyses were conducted on their physicochemical properties，gene structure，gene expression patterns，and stress response.The results indicated that five LjEIL family members were identified at the whole‐genome level in Lonicera japonica，encoding 592 to 682 amino acids，all of which were acidic hydrophilic nuclear proteins. Chromosomal localization revealed that the LjEIL genes were distributed across four chromosomes，and phylogenetic analysis classified them into two subfamilies：Class Ⅰand Class Ⅲ.Gene structure analysis showed that all LjEIL genes contained the typical EIN3 domain，and their exon‐intron composition was relatively simple.61 cis‐acting elements were predicted in the promoter regions of the LjEIL genes，primarily light‐responsive elements and elements such as methyl jasmonate，gibberellin，anaerobic induction，and low‐temperature response were rich. Transcriptome data analysis revealed that the LjEIL genes exhibited typical tissue‐ and developmental stage‐specific expression patterns，with LjEIL3 showing the highest expression levels in mature leaves，shoot tips，and young bud stage. qRT‐PCR results indicated that drought stress could induce the expression of LjEIL genes，with LjEIL3 experiencing the greatest upregulation，and its expression level continued to increase as drought stress duration extended.Furthermore，Arabidopsis plants transformed with the LjEIL3 gene exhibited a significantly higher survival rate after 10 days of simulated drought treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 compared to the wild type，further confirming the positive regulatory role of LjEIL3 gene in drought stress.In summary，the LjEIL3 gene plays a functional role in regulating plant responses to drought stress，providing important genetic resources for stress‐tolerant molecular breeding in Lonicera japonica. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Biocontrol Effects of Mycoviruses on Sesame Stem Rot WANG Jing, NI Yunxia, HE Bipo, ZHANG Chunyan, ZHAO Hui, LIU Xintao, ZHAO Xinbei, LIU Hongyan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 102-109.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.011 Abstract （423）      PDF （26058KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save Sesame stem rot is caused by the fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina，and is the significant disease of sesame. Previous studies have found that M.phaseolina carries abundant resources of mycoviruses，while while the hypovirulent mycovirus is the green solution to control crop disease.In order to obtain the biocontrol strains against sesame stem rot，the biological characteristics of three hypovirulent strains（2012‐19，2012‐22，2012‐161）carrying mycoviruses were studied，and the strong virulent strain 2012‐63 was used as the control.The pathogenicity was compared by in vitro leaf and in vivo stem inoculation，and the control effect of three hypovirulent strains on sesame stem rot was evaluated by soil inoculation method.The results showed that the colony morphology of the highly virulent strain 2012‐63 on the PDA plate showed radial growth，the aerial mycelium was lush，and the growth rate was 20.44 mm/d；the colony morphology of hypovirulent strains 2012‐19，2012‐22 and 2012‐161 showed irregular growth，with obvious fanning area，and the growth rate was 2.94—13.19 mm/d，and the average growth rate of the three hypovirulent strains was significantly 60.54% lower than that of the highly virulent strain.After five days of inoculation of detached leaves，the lesions of the highly virulent strains had expanded to the entire leaf surface，resulting in browning and decay of the leaf surface，while the three hypovirulent strains only formed 28.26 mm2 lesions at the inoculation site. After 8 days of stem inoculation，the relative area under the disease progression curve（RAUDPC）of the three hypovirulent strains was 2.10—5.90，and the average RAUDPC of the three hypovirulent strains was reduced by 92.27% significantly than high‐virulent strains（45.55）.The indoor pot experiment showed that the control effects of three hypovirulent strains on sesame stem rot were 44.90%，56.40% and 75.30%，respectively，while the control effects of biocontrol agent（Trichoderma harzianum）and chemical agent（50% carbendazim）were 53.65% and 87.10%，respectively.It can be seen that the hypovirulent strain of M.phaseolina carrying the related virus can be used as a biological control resource to control sesame stem rot. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Grass Cover in Vineyard WANG Chundong, HAN Xing, YUAN Lifang, YIN Xiangtian, LI Tinggang, LIU Qibao, JIANG Xilong, WEI Yanfeng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 42-50.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.005 Abstract （417）      PDF （1306KB）（133）       Knowledge map    Save Grape is one of the most widely planted fruits in the world，but the long‐term implementation of the traditional clear tillage model will cause environmental problems such as soil erosion，loss of biodiversity，and soil degradation，which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the grape industry.Vineyard grass cover is a sustainable agricultural management model that is conducive to building a good grape production system，improving the vineyard environment，and increasing vineyard productivity.It has been paid attention to by relevant industry personnel.This paper reviews relevant domestic and foreign literature，summarizes the advantages and models of vineyard grass cover，analyzes the main obstacles to the promotion of vineyard grass cover，and explores the urgent work to be carried out in the research of vineyard grass cover，aiming to provide certain theoretical support for the quality improvement and sustainable development of the grape industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation and Identification of the Dominant Pathogen of Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Rot and Observation of Its Infection Process in S.miltiorrhiza Roots Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 101-109.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.011 Abstract （417）      PDF （50504KB）（74）       Knowledge map    Save To identify the dominant pathogen causing Salvia miltiorrhiza root rot in Henan Province and clarify its infection process，diseased root samples were collected from three main producing areas（Yuzhou City，Mianchi County，and Fangcheng County）in Henan Province.The dominant pathogens were identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular biological analyses. Highly pathogenic isolates were screened through pathogenicity assays.The infection process of a selected isolate in S.miltiorrhiza roots was observed using green fluorescent protein（GFP）labeling and fluorescence microscopy.The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum exhibited the highest isolation frequencies（63.16%，48.28%，and 39.63%，respectively）among pathogens isolated from the three areas，indicating it as the dominant pathogen of S. miltiorrhiza root rot in Henan Province.Following inoculation of S.miltiorrhiza seedlings with F.oxysporum spore suspension：spores adhered to the root surface and began to germinate at 12 h post⁃inoculation（hpi）；germinated spores developed into hyphae，which spread along the intercellular spaces of epidermal cells between 24—48 hpi；hyphae expanded into the cortex and extended along parenchyma cells，eventually surrounding entire cells by 3—5 days post⁃inoculation（dpi）；extensive hyphal networks formed randomly within cortical cells by 7—9 dpi；hyphae surrounded the entire root cortex and extended to the root tip by 11 dpi；all root cells were infected by 14 dpi.At this stage（14 dpi），the stem base turned brown，fibrous roots became brittle and easily broken，and root tips of some plants turned yellow.In conclusion，F.oxysporum is the dominant pathogen causing S.miltiorrhiza root rot in Henan Province.This study elucidated the infection process of GFP⁃labeled F.oxysporum in S.miltiorrhiza roots from a histopathological perspective，providing a basis for targeted control strategies against this disease. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Genome‐Wide Association Study and Candidate Gene Prediction of Arsenic Content in Wheat Grains SHI Xia, SUN Dongling, CHANG Yang, LI Wenxu, DAI Ziju, ZHOU Zhengfu, WU Zhengqing, LEI Zhensheng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 21-32.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.003 Abstract （414）      PDF （11294KB）（56）       Knowledge map    Save In order to provide a theoretical basis for the arsenic（As） biofortification breeding in wheat grains，an association population comprising 207 wheat varieties（lines）was used as material，genotyping was done by wheat 660K SNP array，combining with phenotypic data under different environments and best linear unbiased prediction（BLUP）value，a genome‐wide association study（GWAS）was conducted on As content in wheat grains，genetic loci were identified，and candidate genes associated with As content in wheat grains were predicted. The haplotype analysis and linear regression analysis methods were used to analyze the superior and inferior haplotypes of stable SNP loci associated with As content in wheat grains and their aggregated effect. The results showed that there were obvious variation in grain As content under multiple environments，and the grain As content exhibited a normal distribution.By using a mixed linear model（MLM），a total of 67 SNPs were identified to be significantly associated with grain As content at the genome‐wide level. Among these，six SNPs located on chromosomes 1A，2A，2D，3B，and 6B（AX‐110393422，AX‐110370420，AX‐109339465，AX‐109455432，AX‐109359598，AX‐111655266）were consistently detected under multiple environments，and were considered as stable quantitative trait nucleotides（QTNs）.Additionally，a SNP hotspot was identified at the end of chromosome 6B.The peak SNP AX‐111655266 was detected under all environments，which exhibited the strongest association with grain As content，explained the phenotypic variation of 15.14%—21.53% ，and was a major‐effect QTN.Based on public wheat expression profile data and differential expression analysis of candidate genes at 20 days post‐anthesis in the association population，combined with physical location and functional annotation information，candidate genes were predicted.The candidate gene TraesCS6B02G418600，tightly linked to SNP AX‐111655266，encoding a phosphate transporter PHO1‐like protein，which may be involved in transmembrane transport and signal transduction of As，was a major‐effect gene controlling grain As content in wheat. The candidate genes for the other five SNP loci were TraesCS1A02G346700，TraesCS2A02G106800，TraesCS2D02G171500，TraesCS3B02G131500，and TraesCS3B02G252500，encoding F‐box protein，thiamine pyrophosphokinase 1，GEM‐like protein 1，ubiquitin‐onjugating enzyme E2‐like protein，and protein phosphatase 2C family protein，respectively. They were candidate genes involved in regulating As accumulation in wheat grains.The grain As content in the superior haplotype group was significantly lower than that in the inferior haplotype group under all environments.Furthermore，as the number of superior haplotypes increased，the grain As content gradually decreased，demonstrating a clear additive effect. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress on the Impact of Farmland Salinization on Soil Organic Carbon and Its Management LI Hongyao, LU Yun, BAI Yanchao, CHEN Shuotong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (11): 1-7.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.001 Abstract （406）      PDF （1271KB）（128）       Knowledge map    Save This review systematically summarizes the progress of domestic and international research on the effects of farmland salinization on soil organic carbon（SOC）. It focuses on analyzing the effects of salt types and spatial heterogeneity on aggregate structure and organic matter protection，the regulatory mechanisms of microbial diversity and key functional genes on soil organic carbon transformation，and the roles of bio‑organic amendment，physicochemical regulation，and integrated tillage management in enhancing SOC stability. Based on these insights，clarifying salt types and advocating the collaborative application of multi‑omics，regional and cross‑scale approaches are proposed to provide theoretical and practical support for enhancing the carbon sink function of salinized farmland and achieving sustainable governance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A Review of Key Technologies in Fruits and Vegetables Maturity Detection JIANG Mingze, YAN Jianwei, ZOU Chuanzhu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (1): 1-15.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.01.001 Abstract （395）      PDF （2519KB）（261）       Knowledge map    Save The maturity of fruits and vegetables is closely related to both producers and consumers.It plays a crucial role in enhancing consumer experience，improving harvest timing accuracy，extending shelf life，reducing waste，and increasing yield and quality. However，traditional manual methods of detecting fruit and vegetable maturity have issues such as high labor intensity，high costs，and low efficiency.In recent years，with the rapid development of computer technology，data‐driven methods for detecting fruit and vegetable maturity have made automation and intelligence in this process possible.This study begins with a comprehensive review of the commonly used data formats for fruit and vegetable maturity detection.It then discusses the research progress of maturity detection algorithms from three perspectives：traditional image processing algorithms，machine learning algorithms，and deep learning algorithms.A systematic summary of the current engineering applications of maturity detection in the agricultural field is also provided. Based on this，the study further analyzes the challenges faced by data‐driven maturity detection methods in real‐world applications and offers feasible solutions and research approaches to address these key issues.Finally，the study presents an analysis and outlook on the future development directions of fruit and vegetable maturity detection technologies in agriculture，aiming to provide theoretical references and practical insights for the further research and application of these technologies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Different Soil Conditioners on the Quality of Acidified Sandy Ginger Black Soil，and the Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Wheat ZHANG Yunhong, YANG Yonghui, ZHANG Sensen, ZHANG Zeli, ZHANG Shuiqing, GAO Cuimi, HE Fang, HAN Weifeng, ZHANG Huan, PAN Xiaoying, WANG Bohan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (4): 79-89.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.04.008 Abstract （390）      PDF （1764KB）（95）       Knowledge map    Save Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of eight different soil conditioners（lime，commercial mineral‑based soil conditioner and self‑developed soil conditioners No.1—6）on the quality of acidified sandy ginger black soil，the growth and nutrient absorption of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.），in order to provide a basis for acidified soil remediation and soil conditioners creation. Using wheat as the test crop，nine treatments were set up：control（no soil conditioner application），lime，commercial mineral‑based soil conditioner，soil conditioners No.1（glauber’s salt+manure），No.2（plant ash+manure），No.3（plant ash+manure+potassium fulvate +microbial inoculum+synergist），No.4（silicon‑rich clay mineral+humic acid organic fertilizer+microbial inoculum），No.5（silicon‑rich clay mineral+biochar+seaweed organic fertilizer），No.6（silicon‑rich clay mineral+biochar+humic acid organic fertilizer）.The differences among different treatments in population dynamics，photosynthetic characteristics，yield and composition factors，nutrient absorption of wheat and soil physicochemical properties after harvest were analyzed. The results showed that，compared with the control without the application of soil conditioners，except for the lime treatment，tiller number at the maturity stage and spike formation rate of wheat under the treatments of other soil conditioners were increased by 5.7%—30.7% and 30.0%—82.7%，respectively.The application of different soil conditioners increased the net photosynthetic rate，yield，and nitrogen accumulation of wheat at the flowering stage by 5.4%—68.6%，19.6%—69.0% and 38.1%—120.7%，respectively，with relatively larger increasing temperature of soil conditioners No.1 and No.4，especially the latter，which also led to a significant increase in phosphorus and potassium accumulation. After wheat harvest，the soil pH value under the treatments of soil conditioners No.4，5，6 were raised by 0.36，0.55，1.15，respectively，and available potassium contents were increased by 14.4%，34.3%，45.4%，but alkalized‑nitrogen content reduced. Soil moisture contents in the soil layer of 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm treated with lime were increased by 45.3% and 36.1%，respectively，and water use efficiency（WUE）of wheat at the flowering stage was raised by 44.8%.Soil conditioner No. 1 significantly reduced the soil moisture content of the 0—40 cm soil layer and WUE of wheat at the regreening stage，but raised soil pH value slightly. In summary，under the conditions of this experiment，the application of soil conditioners No.1，4，5 had relatively good effects on increasing yield and improving soil quality，and they were recommended to use in the improvement of acidified sandy ginger black soil in southern Henan and the creation of new products. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Regulatory Effect of 2，4‐Epibrassinolide on the Growth and Physiology of Sesame Seedlings under Drought Stress LÜ Shuli, DING Fang, TIAN Zhuangbo Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 60-70.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.007 Abstract （388）      PDF （2108KB）（110）       Knowledge map    Save Using the sesame cultivar Shangzhi 196 as experimental material，a pot experiment was systematically conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of different concentrations（0，0.25，0.50，0.75 mg/L）of 2，4‐epibrassinolide（EBR）on sesame seedling growth and physiology under gradient drought stress［normal moisture（W1），mild drought（W2），and severe drought（W3）］.The results demonstrated that as soil water content decreased，sesame growth was inhibited，manifested by reduced plant height，increased root‐to‐shoot ratio，and suppressed aboveground biomass accumulation.After 12 days of stress treatment，under W2 and W3 conditions，the average plant height decreased by 6.70% and 28.88% respectively compared to W1，while the root‐to‐shoot ratio increased by 17.54% and 67.69% correspondingly.Transpiration rate and stomatal conductance showed decreasing trends，intercellular CO₂ concentration generally exhibited an increasing trend，and both malondialdehyde and proline contents increased，while antioxidant enzyme activities declined as the soil moisture content decreased.The effects of EBR varied depending on stress severity and growth stage.Appropriate EBR concentrations effectively increased sesames’plant height，aboveground dry weight and root dry weight，enhanced photosynthetic capacity，reduced membrane lipid peroxidation，and significantly improved drought resistance.Principal component analysis revealed that under mild drought stress，foliar application of 0.50 mg/L EBR most effectively enhanced drought tolerance，while 0.25 mg/L EBR showed better efficacy under severe drought conditions. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation，Identification and Effect Evaluation of Two Growth‐promoting Endophytic Bacteria in Salvia miltiorrhiza Roots WANG Fei, YANG Jin, LI Xuemeng, WEN Yi, GAO Suxia, QIN Yanhong, LU Shuhao, ZHAO Ying, SONG Luyang, YANG Jian, WAN Xiufu, LI Shaojian Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 71-80.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.008 Abstract （388）      PDF （11700KB）（54）       Knowledge map    Save In order to obtain endophytic bacteria to promote growth and increase the yield of Salvia miltiorrhizae，two endophytic bacteria strains Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 with growth‐promoting effects were isolated and screened from the healthy roots of S.miltiorrhiza by tissue grinding and culture.Based on morphological and molecular biological analysis，isolates Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 were identified as Klebsiella variicola and Kosakonia oryzae，respectively.The results of biomass promotion test showed that isolates Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 could produce indole‐3‐acetic acid（IAA），and had the characteristics of phosphorus solubilization，potassium solubilization，and nitrogen fixation. The results of the seed germination experiment showed that at appropriate concentrations，inoculation with bacterial suspensions of Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 increased the germination rate of S.miltiorrhiza seeds by 92.38% and 129.72%，the plant height by 148.72% and 48.72%，and the root length by 102.86% and 90.02%，respectively.Pot experiment results showed that root irrigation with isolates Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 increased the fresh weight of S.miltiorrhiza stems and leaves by 200. 00% and 104.48%，respectively，and the fresh weight of roots by 57.89% and 34.74%，respectively.The results of field experiments demonstrated that root irrigation with the two growth‐promoting bacterial suspensions increased root length by 18.03% and 10.97%，root diameter by 7.69% and 0.75%，lateral root number by 11.17% and 24.63%，and yield by 16.43% and 24.80%，respectively.In addition，the two growth‐prompting isolates could also significantly reduce the incidence and disease index of S.miltiorrhiza root rot，and the control effectiveness of two isolates reached 65.57% and 68.61%，respectively.In conclusion，isolates Kv13‐2 and Ko15‐1 have good growth‐promoting effects，and have good application potential in practical production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishment of a Bioreactor Culture System for Anoectochilus roxburghii Protocorm⁃Like Bodies ZHANG Fangling, KONG Xiangjun, ZHOU Xiaojun, WANG Hongzhen, WU Mei, FANG Li Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 62-69.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.007 Abstract （383）      PDF （12609KB）（31）       Knowledge map    Save To screen the optimal hormone combination and germplasm for inducing Anoectochilus roxburghii protocorm⁃like bodies（PLBs），and to investigate the effects of inoculum density and culture duration on PLBs biomass and kinsenoside content for optimizing large⁃scale culture conditions，this study utilized tissue⁃cultured seedlings of Anoectochilus roxburghii.The effects of different concentration combinations of 6⁃benzylaminopurine（6⁃BA），1⁃naphthaleneacetic acid（NAA），zeatin（ZT），and 2，4⁃dichlorophenoxyacetic acid（2，4⁃D） on the induction of PLBs from five different Anoectochilus roxburghii germplasms were tested.The PLB induction rate，kinsenoside content，and proliferation characteristics were compared among the different plant germplasms.Using a plant bioreactor，the influence of inoculum density（20—80 g/L） and culture duration（10—40 days） on biomass and kinsenoside synthesis was studied.The results indicated that the combination of MS+3 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.8 mg/L ZT+0.2 mg/L 2，4⁃D medium had the best effect on improving the induction rate of adventitious buds of different species of Anoectochilus roxburghii germplasms.Under identical culture conditions，the ZY1（Nanjing，Fujian） germplasm demonstrated superior PLB induction rate（93%），kinsenoside content（5.03%），and radial proliferation capacity compared to other germplasms.In the bioreactor culture system，both the proliferation coefficient（1.46）and kinsenoside content（7.80%）of the PLBs peaked at an inoculum density of 60 g/L after 40 days of culture in darkness.In conclusion，utilizing the superior ZY1 germplasm with the MS+3 mg/L 6⁃BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.8 mg/L ZT+0.2 mg/L2，4⁃D medium，combined with bioreactor culture conditions of 60 g/L inoculum density and 40 days of culture in darkness，enables the highly efficient accumulation of both Anoectochilus roxburghii PLB biomass and kinsenoside content. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on the Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Degradation Characteristics of Dietary Fiber Polyphenol Complex of Wheat Bran ZHANG Jingwen, LIU Ruishan, SHEN Ruiling, LI Pengchong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 171-179.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.018 Abstract （375）      PDF （7563KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save To promote the high‐value utilization of wheat processing by‐products，the physicochemical properties and fermentation degradation characteristics of wheat bran（WB）and wheat bran dietary fiber polyphenol complex（SDF‐P） were systematically analyzed.Firstly，the basic physical and chemical properties such as solubility，bulk degree，water/oil holding capacity，freeze‐thaw stability and thermal properties were determined，and then the rheological properties were determined.Subsequently，the dynamic changes of the content of short‐chain fatty acids（SCFAs），pH value and the composition of intestinal flora were analyzed by in vitro fermentation experiments.Finally，the correlation between physicochemical properties and fermentation characteristics was analyzed.The results showed that the solubility of SDF‐P was significantly higher than that of WB，with the highest value of 87.51%.The swelling degree，water holding capacity，oil holding capacity and the water separation rate of SDF‐P were significantly lower than those of WB.The phase change thermal enthalpy，peak temperature and apparent viscosity of SDF‐P were higher than those of WB.With the prolongation of in vitro fermentation time，the SCFAs content increased and the pH value decreased.The SCFAs content produced by SDF‐P fermentation could reach 62.57 mmol/L.Genome sequencing showed that compared with blank group，Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in SDF‐P male fermentation broth increased by 72% and 150%，respectively，and Escherichia coli decreased by 30%.These results indicated that SDF‐P had a significant effect on improving intestinal flora.Correlation analysis indicated that solubility，phase change thermal enthalpy，and peak temperature were positively correlated with changes in SCFAs content and negatively correlated with changes in pH.In summary，SDF‐P possesses high solubility，excellent thermal stability，and significant beneficial bacterial proliferation properties，providing a theoretical basis for the application of wheat bran as a high‐quality dietary fiber‐polyphenol ingredient in the development of functional foods. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Isolation and Identification of Chaetomium globosum from Wheat Roots and Its Biocontrol Effect on Take‑All Disease FENG Chaohong, XU Fei, ZHANG Jiaojiao, LI Lijuan, HAN Zihang, LIU Lulu, ZHAO Guojian Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (11): 91-101.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.010 Abstract （369）      PDF （16899KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save To develop green control strategies for wheat take‑all，Chaetomium globosum was isolated from the roots of healthy wheat plants in different regions of Henan Province and identified through morphological and molecular methods. This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic capability of the root‑endophytic C.globosum against the take‑all pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis and to elucidate its underlying metabolic regulatory mechanisms.The results showed that a total of 27 strains of C.globosum were isolated and identified from the wheat roots. Through plate antagonism assays and seedling experiments，15 strains with significant growth‑promoting and disease‑preventing effects were screened.These strains exhibited inhibition rates of 33.7% to 65.1% against the pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis GaNS‑90 in plate assays，with control efficacies ranging from 30.4% to 64.6% at the seedling stage. Considering the production of perithecia，strain M12XP1‑2‑3 was identified as the optimal strain.Transcriptome analysis indicated that C.globosum M12XP1‑2‑3 exerted its antagonistic effects through multiple pathways，including resource competition，metabolic reprogramming，and antibiotic pressure，by regulating the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism，lipid metabolism，and drug resistance in G. graminis. The fermentation broth of M12XP1‑2‑3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of the pathogen（inhibition rate of 89.4%）and provided a control efficacy of 39.8% against wheat take‑all at the seedling stage. Furthermore，it alleviated the host’s excessive defense response by downregulating peroxidase（POD）and polyphenol oxidase（PPO）activities and reducing the accumulation of osmotic substances，thereby promoting the recovery of wheat growth. In summary，C.globosum M12XP1‑2‑3 can control wheat take‑all through the synergistic effects of the antagonistic mechanisms via metabolites and the regulation of host defense responses，providing a new strategy for the green control of this disease. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of LED Red⁃Blue Light Quality Ratio on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Dendrobium fimbriatum Test⁃Tube Seedlings ZHANG Ningjing, WANG Jiangning, MENG Xinya, FU Qiunuan, HUO Jiaran, LU Jiajing, WANG Yuxin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 70-80.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.008 Abstract （365）      PDF （8017KB）（289）       Knowledge map    Save To cultivate high⁃quality commercial seedlings of Dendrobium fimbriatum，six different light quality treatments were set up，including 100% red light（R），100% blue light（B），80% red light+20% blue light（8R∶2B），70% red light+30% blue light（7R∶3B），and 50% red light+50% blue light（5R∶5B），with white fluorescent lamp as the control（CK）. After 60 days，growth indicators（plant height，leaf number，leaf length，stem diameter，fresh weight，dry weight），antioxidant indicators［superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity，malondialdehyde（MDA）content，ascorbate peroxidase（APX）activity，peroxidase（POD）activity，catalase（CAT）activity］，photosynthetic indicators（chlorophyll a content，chlorophyll b content，chlorophyll a+b content，chlorophyll a/b ratio，and carotenoid content），chlorophyll fluorescence indicators［potential activity of PS Ⅱ in plants（Fv/Fo），maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm），actual photochemical efficiency（ΦPSⅡ），photochemical quenching coefficient（qP），electron transfer rate（ETR Ⅱ），and non⁃photochemical quenching coefficient（qN）］，as well as the content of nutrients（soluble proteins and soluble sugars）and other related indices，totaling 24 indexes were measured in order to screen the LED light quality ratio for the healthy growth of D. fimbriatum test⁃tube seedlings.The results indicated that monochromatic red light was beneficial for the height and elongation of test⁃tube seedlings，while monochromatic blue light was beneficial for increasing soluble protein content. 8R∶2B treatment was beneficial for leaf elongation，leaf number，and stem thickness increase of test⁃tube seedlings of D.fimbriatum.The overall antioxidant index was best when they were treated with 5R∶5B，and the dry and fresh weight，soluble sugar content，chlorophyll content，and chlorophyll fluorescence of test⁃tube seedlings were also best when they were treated with 5R∶5B.There was a significant correlation between growth indicators，antioxidant indicators，nutritional indicators，chlorophyll fluorescence parameters，and chlorophyll content.The results of principal component analysis indicated that the physiological and biochemical indicators of Dendrobium fimbriatum test⁃tube seedlings under 5R∶5B treatment showed the best performance，with the highest comprehensive score.In summary，the light environment of 50% red light+50% blue light（5R∶5B）LED is the most conducive to the growth and development of the test⁃tube seedlings of D.fimbriatum，and is the most suitable light environment for cultivating strong seedlings. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Quality Detection Model of Unmanned Harvesting Operation of Open‐Field Cabbage Based on Machine Vision LI Xiaosuo, GUO Wang, ZHU Huaji, GU Jingqiu, LI Qingxue, WU Huarui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (10): 150-158.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.10.016 Abstract （363）      PDF （41865KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save Accurate quality recognition of harvested cabbage is the premise for quality detection of unmanned harvesting operation of open‐field cabbage.In order to solve the problems of complex harvesting background environment，difficulty in obtaining cabbage features due to the fast operation speed of transportation devices，and insufficient identification accuracy for small targets in the process of quality recognition of harvested cabbage，a lightweight harvesting quality detection method based on YOLOv8s was proposed.Firstly，RepVGG module was used to replace some Conv modules in Backbone layer，which could enhance the feature extraction capability of the original model while reducing the number of model parameters.Secondly，CBAM convolutional attention module was introduced to suppress the non‐critical feature information in the complex background，so that the model paid more attention to the quality of harvested mature cabbage.Finally，a small target detection Head P2 with a downsample of 4 was added to the Head layer to heighten the detection ability of the model for multi‐scale cabbage.The results showed that compared with the original YOLOv8s model，the Precision，Recall and mAP50：95 of the optimized model were improved by 2.5，0.9 and 1.9 percentage points respectively.Compared with the common target detection model，the detection results on the cabbage harvesting operation dataset also had obvious advantages.The improved model can accurately identify the quality of unmanned harvesting operation of open‐field cabbage，provide data support for remote control of machine operation parameters，and provide theoretical reference for the research and application of autonomous unmanned precision operation of open‐field vegetables. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Biochar Composite Super Absorbent Polymers Combined with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Tobacco Growth and Soil Microenvironment under Drought Stress GUO Xiaoqin, LI Qinkui, WU Guangpeng, ZHANG Xiaoquan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (1): 88-100.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.01.008 Abstract （362）      PDF （6590KB）（115）       Knowledge map    Save Through pot experiments，the effects of the dosage of biochar composite super absorbent polymers（SAP）（0，2，4，8 g/pot，denoted as S0，S1，S2，S3）and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi［Claroideoglomus etunicatum（CE），Glomus versiforme（GV），Funneliformes mossae（FM）and non inoculation control（CK）］on the growth，root configuration parameters，and soil microenvironment of Yuyan 5 tobacco under drought stress were investigated.The results showed that under drought stress，the SAP could promote the infection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF） on tobacco roots and had a positive effect on the mycorrhizal effect.The mycorrhizal infection rate was the highest（53.0%）and the number of vesicles was the highest（15.3 vesicles/cm）under the SAP dosage S2 treatment inoculated with FM.Under the same AMF inoculation treatment，with the increase of SAP dosage，tobacco growth indicators and soil physicochemical indicators（except for soil fungi，0.25—0.5mm，and <0.25 mm soil aggregate content）showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，and reached their peak under the S2 SAP dosage treatment. Under the treatment of S2 SAP，compared to the treatment without adding SAP or inoculating with AMF，the total length，total projected area，total volume，root tip number，and root vitality of tobacco roots treated with FM increased by 78.7%，130.1%，141.0%，44.7%，and 83.9%，respectively.The number of soil fungi decreased by 73.7%，and the content of bacteria and actinomycetes increased by 134. 8% and 190.7%，respectively.Under drought stress，inoculation with AMF treatment could increase the activities of urease，cellulase，acid protease，acid phosphatase，sucrase，and chitinase in tobacco root soil to varying degrees.Compared to the treatment without adding SAP or inoculating with AMF，the FM treatment under S2 dosage increased the activities of urease，cellulase，acid protease，acid phosphatase，sucrase and chitinase activity in tobacco soil by 120.6%，94.9%，75.0%，200.0%，55.9% and 75.0%，respectively.In addition，inoculation with AMF treatment could increase the total nitrogen，available phosphorus，available potassium，and organic matter content of tobacco rhizosphere soil to varying degrees，and increase the soil aggregate content of tobacco roots（>2 mm and 0.5—2 mm）.There was no significant change in the soil aggregate content of 0.25—0.5 mm，but it reduced the soil aggregate content of <0.25 mm.In summary，biochar composite SAP has a positive effect on plants，which can increase tobacco biomass，promote AMF infection，and enhance the positive effect of AMF on tobacco growth and drought resistance to a certain extent.Among them，the best effect on tobacco drought resistance is achieved when the SAP dosage is 4 g/pot（S2）combined with FM. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Long⁃Term Application of Subsoiling and Organic Fertilizer on Distribution of Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Precipitation and Water Utilization of Maize YANG Yonghui, WU Jiabin, ZHANG Yunhong, ZHANG Tinghao, GAO Cuimin, HAN Weifeng, PAN Xiaoying, HE Fang, Devotha G.NYAMBO, LUO Ning Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 1-12.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.001 Abstract （358）      PDF （3156KB）（140）       Knowledge map    Save In order to elucidate the effects of long⁃term subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers on distribution of rainfall in soil and utilization，based on hydrogen and oxygen isotopes tracing method，the effects of long⁃term subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers on the distribution of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in soil and water use of maize were studied with conventional tillage treatment as control.The results showed that long⁃term subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers improved soil structure and the distribution and utilization of precipitation in the soil.The soil moisture generally gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth at jointing and grain filling stages of maize.At harvest stage，the soil moisture obviously increased，and increased with the increase of soil depth.At jointing and grain filling stages，subsoiling tillage notably increased the 0—80 cm soil moisture.At harvest stage，both the subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers treatments increased the 0—100 cm soil moisture.At jointing stage，the contribution rate of water from the 0—40 cm soil was obviously higher than those in other layers，reaching over 90%，and the contribution rate of water from the 20—40 cm soil was the highest.At grain filling stage，conventional tillage，subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers treatments mainly utilized the water in 20—60 cm soil，and the water contribution rate reached 46.3%，53.4% and 92.7%，respectively.As the growth stage progressed，the soil water storage capacity of all treatments generally gradually increased.Compared with conventional tillage treatment，subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers were more beneficial for increasing soil water storage at jointing and harvest stages，and decreasing water consumption during sowing—jointing and grain filling—harvest period；meanwhile，subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers were more beneficial for increasing the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance at grain filling stage of maize，as well as improving leaf water use efficiency at jointing and grain filling stages. Ultimately，subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers significantly increased maize yield（10.6%，9.4%）and water use efficiency（13.6%，12.2%），although the difference between the two treatments was not significant.Correlation analysis showed that the contribution rate of water in 0—20 cm soil was significantly positively correlated with maize yield and water use efficiency at jointing stage，and significantly negatively correlated with maize yield and water use efficiency at grain filling stage.In conclusion，long⁃term subsoiling tillage and application of organic fertilizers can effectively regulate the rational distribution of precipitation in soil，improve the photosynthetic characteristics of maize，promote the efficient utilization of rainfall，and increase the yield and water use efficiency of maize. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Identification and Analysis of Amylase Genes Related to Pre⁃harvest Sprouting Resistance in Wan 1329 Based on Transcriptome Sequencing WANG Zhen, ZHANG Bin, SHI Lichao, LIU Rui, LI Jinxiu, ZHOU Ran, YANG Ling, ZHAO Qian, LI Jinbang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 32-39.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.004 Abstract （354）      PDF （6482KB）（65）       Knowledge map    Save Using Jimai 22 with high sensitivity to pre⁃harvest sprouting（PHS）as the control，the PHS resistance and α⁃amylase activities of the new white⁃grain wheat variety Wan 1329 and its parent Lianmai 2 were analyzed. During the critical period when α⁃amylase activity changed，transcriptome sequencing，KEGG and GO enrichment analysis were employed to identify differentially expressed amylase genes，and real⁃time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qRT⁃PCR）was used for verification their expression patterns.In addition，AlphaFold was employed to analyze the effects of coding sequence variations on protein structure. The results showed that both Wan 1329 and Lianmai 2 exhibited moderate resistance to PHS，while Wan 1329 had a lower relative germination index，indicating stronger resistance. At 24 h after seed imbibition，the α⁃amylase activities of Wan 1329 and Lianmai 2 were markedly lower than that of Jimai 22，and α⁃amylase activities at 20 h，24 h，and 72 h were highly positively correlated with the relative germination index. Transcriptome sequencing，KEGG and GO enrichment analysis revealed that two α⁃amylase genes located on the long arm of chromosome 6D， TraesCS6D02G313300 and TraesCS6D02G313500，were candidate α⁃amylase genes. The third exon of TraesCS6D02G313500 in Wan 1329 was elongated by 138 bp，extending into the 3´UTR region.qRT⁃PCR validation confirmed that the expression patterns of both genes were consistent with transcriptome analysis，and the cumulative relative expression level of TraesCS6D02G313500 in Wan 1329 was significantly lower than that in Lianmai 2.AlphaFold prediction suggested that this variation caused a C⁃terminal extension of α⁃amylase，resulting in decreased structural stability and increased conformational flexibility.Collectively，TraesCS6D02G313300 and TraesCS6D02G313500 are key genes related to PHS resistance in Wan 1329，among which the structural variation of TraesCS6D02G313500 may further enhance resistance to PHS. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Different Storage Environment on the Aging Quality of Primary Flue‑cured Tobacco Leaves of Longjiang 911 Variety DU Jingshan, LIU Qian, E Zhiying, QU Xianglin, LUAN Li, LIU Yu, SHEN Hongtao, WANG Yanfang, LIU Ling Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (11): 160-171.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.017 Abstract （350）      PDF （2652KB）（59）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the influence of different storage environments on the aging quality of primary flue‑cured tobacco leaves，the C2L and C3V grades of primary flue‑cured tobacco leaves of the Longjiang 911 variety，which was mainly cultivated in Heilongjiang Province，were used as experimental materials.They were respectively placed in the aging warehouses in Boli County of Heilongjiang Province，Xinzheng City of Henan Province，and Kunming City of Yunnan Province for natural aging，and the differences in sensory quality and chemical components of the tobacco leaves under different storage environments were systematically compared. The results showed that with the increase of aging time，the total sugar content，reducing sugar content，ratio of total sugar to nicotine and ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar of C2L and C3V grade tobacco leaves in each warehouse overall increased significantly，while the total nitrogen content，total alkaloid content，starch content，total polyphenol content and free amino acid content decreased significantly. At 18 months of natural aging，compared with those in the Boli County warehouse，the contents of starch，total polyphenols，and free amino acids in C2L tobacco leaves stored in the Xinzheng City warehouse decreased by 5.86%，4.30%，and 6.77%，respectively；for C3V tobacco leaves，these three indicators decreased by 2.35%，1.86%，and 7.92%，respectively. The three indicators of C2L tobacco leaves in the aging warehouse in Kunming City decreased by 9.30%，4.77% and 11.11% respectively，and the C3V tobacco leaves decreased by 3.85%，2.87% and 17.12% respectively. At the same time，the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar of C2L tobacco leaves in the aging warehouse in Xinzheng City increased by 2.10% and 3.72% respectively. The C3V tobacco leaves increased by 6.09% and 5.40% respectively. The C2L tobacco leaves in the aging warehouse in Kunming City increased by 2.74% and 7.58% respectively，and the C3V tobacco leaves increased by 8.43% and 10.92% respectively. The sensory quality scores of tobacco leaves in different aging warehouses all showed a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing. The sensory quality of C2L and C3V tobacco leaves in the Kunming aging warehouse and C2L tobacco leaves in Xinzheng City aging warehouse had the highest sensory quality scores in the 12th month of aging，which was three months earlier than that of the aging warehouse in Boli County. Throughout the entire aging cycle，the sensory quality of the two grades of tobacco leaves was shown as follows：Kunming City>Xinzheng City>Boli County. In conclusion，compared with the aging warehouse in Boli County，Heilongjiang Province，the aging warehouses in Kunming City，Yunnan Province and Xinzheng City，Henan Province could significantly accelerate the aging process of tobacco leaves and improve the aging quality of tobacco leaves. Among them，the promoting effect of the aging environment in Kunming City was the most significant，with the fastest aging speed and the highest sensory score. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Nitrogen，Phosphorus，Potassium，Magnesium，and Boron Fertilizers on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Seed Lotus LI Jun, YANG Liangbo, ZHU Dandan, LIU Dongbi, HOU Jun, TANG Jiping, ZHENG Xingwen, XIE Yibai, YU Yanfeng, NI Chengfan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 81-90.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.009 Abstract （349）      PDF （23685KB）（63）       Knowledge map    Save A micro⁃plot（2.25 m²）experiment was conducted throughout the entire growth period of seed lotus（Taikonglian No. 36）to investigate the effects of major nutrients on yield and nutrient uptake.The experiment comprised seven treatments：balanced application of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron（BF）；nitrogen reduction（BF⁃N）；phosphorus reduction（BF⁃P）；potassium reduction（BF⁃K）；magnesium reduction（BF⁃Mg）；boron reduction（BF⁃B）；and a no⁃fertilizer control（CK）.The results indicated that under the BF treatment，the seed yield and total biological yield were 398.7 g/plant and 3 473.0 g/plant，respectively. The cumulative amounts of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron were 44.1，8.9，45.5，4.8，and 0. 044 g/plant，respectively. Compared with BF treatment，BF⁃N treatment significantly affected the growth of lotus seeds，reducing the single leaf area，petiole thickness，and leaf SPAD value（relative chlorophyll content）of lotus pods by 20.3% to 37.5%. Both BF⁃N and BF⁃K treatments significantly reduced the yield，biological total yield，and nutrient accumulation of lotus seeds，with BF⁃N treatment reducing 60.3%，70.0%，and 61.1% to73.9%，respectively，and BF⁃K treatment reducing 23.4%，37.7%，and 26.0% to 46.8%，respectively；The effects of BF⁃P，BF⁃Mg，and BF⁃B treatments on lotus yield were not significant，but they significantly reduced the biological total yield of lotus by 10. 0% to 13.9%. The accumulation of nitrogen，phosphorus，and potassium in BF⁃P treatment was significantly reduced by 12.2% to 18.0%，while the accumulation of various nutrients in BF⁃Mg treatment was significantly reduced by 11.9% to 19.7%.The boron accumulation in BF⁃B treatment decreased by as much as 51.5%.The effects of BF⁃P treatment on lotus magnesium and boron，and BF⁃B treatment on lotus nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，and magnesium accumulation were not significant.The contributions of effective receptacle count，average number of carples，average fruit set percentage and average single seed weight to yield were 66.7%，19.3%，3.1% and 10.9% respectively.Except for fruit setting rate，they all showed significantly positive correlation with lotus yield at the level of 0.05 or above.In summary，under the conditions of this experiment，the comprehensive effects of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron on the yield and nutrient absorption of lotus are as follows：nitrogen>potassium>magnesium>phosphorus>boron.The seasonal utilization rates of phosphorus and boron are relatively low.In practical production，it is necessary to optimize the application strategies of phosphorus and boron fertilizers. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Preparation of Different Types of Tobacco Leaf Dry Distilled Flavor and Application in Heated Cigarettes XU Da, LI Jiaxin, WANG Xuanjing, GUO Lei, LI Lipeng, LIU Wei, TIAN Yaowei, SUN Zhengguang, SUN Qiang, XU Chunping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2025, 54 (12): 148-166.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.015 Abstract （347）      PDF （5286KB）（1498）       Knowledge map    Save To expand the core flavor source of heated cigarettes，flue⁃cured tobacco，sun⁃cured yellow tobacco，burley tobacco and oriental tobacco were selected as raw materials to prepare flavors by dry distillation process. Firstly，the contents of conventional chemical components in four kinds of tobacco leaves were determined.Then，the dry distillation flavors were prepared and the extraction rate was calculated.The composition differences of volatile components were explored by GC⁃MS and principal component analysis.Finally，the aroma⁃enhancing effect was evaluated by sensory evaluation.The results showed that the nicotine and total nitrogen contents of burley tobacco were significantly higher than those of other tobacco leaves，the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of sun⁃cured yellow tobacco were the highest，and the chemical components of flue⁃cured tobacco were more balanced.The extraction rate of dry distillation perfume was 2. 8% for flue⁃cured tobacco，2.7% for oriental tobacco，2.5% for sun⁃cured yellow tobacco and 1.5% for burley tobacco. A total of 205 volatile components were identified by GC⁃MS，and the total contents were 7 024.00 μg/g for flue⁃cured tobacco，1 407.79 μg/g for sun⁃cured yellow tobacco，3 881. 90 μg/g for burley tobacco and 6 951. 56 μg/g for oriental tobacco，respectively.Phenols，ketones and heterocyclic compounds were the main aroma components. Principal component analysis showed that the aroma components of flue⁃cured tobacco and oriental tobacco were similar，while burley tobacco and sun⁃cured yellow tobacco were significantly different.The sensory evaluation showed that the addition of dry distillation flavors could improve the smoking quality of heated cigarettes.Among them，the effect of flue⁃cured tobacco dry distillation flavor was the best，and the improvement effect was significant in aroma quantity，sweetness and strength.In summary，the aroma components of flue⁃cured tobacco are coordinated，the content of volatile components is high，and the burnt sweet and smoked aroma are prominent，which can effectively make up for the problem of insufficient aroma release of heated cigarettes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics