Abstract: Getah Virus（GETV） is an emerging insect‑borne pathogen that has caused reproductive disorders in pigs and high mortality in piglets in many countries in recent years，posing a major threat to global animal husbandry and public health. This virus is primarily transmitted by mosquito bites，which can cause widespread infection in pigs and significantly affect reproductive performance and health.In response to the spread of the epidemic，it is urgent to conduct research on genomic characterization and molecular evolution to guide vaccine design and optimize prevention and control strategies.At the same time，it is necessary to clarify the law of GETV transmission through epidemiological investigation and analyze the pathogenic mechanism in order to provide theoretical support for epidemic prevention and control.In addition，improving the accuracy and timeliness of early diagnosis has become a key link in prevention and control.In view of the critical role of early diagnosis in epidemic prevention and control，based on the latest research results，the pathogenic characteristics，epidemiological characteristics，pathogenic mechanism，diagnostic techniques and prevention and control strategies of GETV were systematically discussed，aiming to provide theoretical support for clinical prevention and control，and provide scientific basis for vaccine development，diagnostic technology innovation and prevention and control policy formulation.

Key words: Getah virus, Pig, Etiological characteristic, Epidemiological characteristic, Diagnostic technique

摘要： 盖塔病毒（Getah virus，GETV）是一种新兴的虫媒病原体，近年来在多个国家引发了猪群繁殖障碍和仔猪高死亡率疫情，对全球畜牧业和公共卫生造成重大威胁。该病毒主要通过蚊虫叮咬传播，可导致猪群广泛感染并显著影响繁殖性能和健康水平。为应对疫情蔓延，亟需开展针对基因组特征与分子进化的研究，以指导疫苗设计和优化防控策略；同时，需通过流行病学调查明确GETV传播规律，并解析致病机制，以期为疫情防控提供理论支撑。此外，提高早期诊断的准确性和时效性已成为防控关键环节。鉴于早期诊断对疫情防控的关键作用，基于最新研究成果，系统探讨了GETV的病原学特征、流行病学特点、致病机制、诊断技术和防控策略，旨在为临床防控提供理论支持，并为疫苗开发、诊断技术创新及防控政策制定提供科学依据。

关键词: 盖塔病毒, 猪, 病原学特征, 流行病学特点, 诊断技术