Comprehensive Evaluation and Index Screening of Salt‑Alkali Tolerance during the Seedling Stage of Cyperus esculentus

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.005

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the salt‑alkali tolerance characteristics of tiger nut（Cyperus esculentus） at the seedling stage and establish precise evaluation indicators and a relevant mathematical model，18 trait indices including germination rate，plant height，root length，root number，plant biomass，plant water content，chlorophyll content，superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity，and soluble protein content were measured for 66 tiger nut germplasm resources under 5 g/kg mixed salt‑alkali stress after 15 days of germination. Comprehensive analytical methods，including correlation analysis，principal component analysis（PCA），membership function，grey relational analysis，and stepwise regression analysis，were employed to assess the stress tolerance performance of different materials and establish an evaluation system.The results showed that the variation in salt‑alkali tolerance coefficients among different traits ranged from 9.79% to 58.57%，with the coefficient for root dry mass exhibiting the greatest variability and that for relative water content demonstrating the smallest variability. PCA transformed the 18 original indicators into six principal components，which cumulatively accounted for 86.783% of the total variance.Based on the comprehensive evaluation D‑value，the 66 germplasm resources were classified into five tolerance levels：extremely strong，strong，moderate，weak，and sensitive. Classification criteria were defined，identifying two germplasm resources with extremely strong tolerance and 12 salt‑sensitive germplasm resources.Cultivars Yu Yousha 2 and Yu Yousha 3 were both classified as strongly salt‑alkali tolerant materials. Using stepwise regression analysis，a mathematical model for evaluating salt‑alkali tolerance at the seedling stage was established.This model demonstrates that by measuring and calculating the salt‑alkali tolerance coefficients of total fresh weight，relative water content，root number，total chlorophyll content，plant height，and SOD activity，the D‑value can be estimated using the regression equation to assess the salt‑alkali tolerance of tiger nut germplasms at the seedling stage.This study provides essential materials，methodological support，and a robust evaluation framework for subsequent research on salt‑alkali stress tolerant mechanisms and breeding of tiger nut varieties.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus, Seedling stage, Mixed salt?alkaline stress, Selection of germplasm resources, Comprehensive evaluation, Evaluation index

摘要： 为明确油莎豆苗期耐盐碱特性，建立精确的评价指标和相关数学模型，在5 g/kg混合盐碱胁迫下对66份油莎豆材料的发芽率和发芽后15 d幼苗的株高、根长、根数、植株生物量、植株含水率、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、可溶性蛋白含量等共18个性状指标进行测定；综合运用相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数、灰色关联度、逐步回归分析等方法解析不同材料的耐胁迫表现、建立评价体系。结果显示，不同性状耐盐碱系数的变异程度在9.79%~58.57%，其中，根干质量耐盐碱系数的变异程度最大，相对含水率耐盐碱系数变异程度最小；经主成分分析将18个指标转换成6个主成分，累计方差贡献率为86.783%；基于综合评价D值，将66份材料分为极强、强、中、弱、敏感5个等级，并明确分级标准，其中极强耐盐碱材料2份，盐敏感材料12份，豫油莎2号和豫油莎3号均属于强耐盐碱材料；利用逐步回归分析法，建立油莎豆苗期耐盐碱评价数学模型。通过测定并计算油莎豆苗期的总鲜质量、相对含水率、根数、总叶绿素含量、株高、SOD活性的耐盐碱系数，依据回归方程估算D值，可判断苗期油莎豆种质的耐盐碱性，为后续油莎豆耐盐碱胁迫机制研究和品种选育提供材料和方法支撑。

关键词: 油莎豆, 苗期, 混合盐碱胁迫, 种质资源筛选, 综合评价, 评价指标

CLC Number:

S565.9

LI Chunxin, ZHAI Yunru, WANG Shufeng, CHEN Xiangong, ZHENG Mei, WANG Meng, ZHANG Ge, WANG Huiwei, YUAN Tianyou. Comprehensive Evaluation and Index Screening of Salt‑Alkali Tolerance during the Seedling Stage of Cyperus esculentus[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(7): 40-54.

李春鑫, 翟允汝, 王树峰, 陈献功, 郑梅, 王猛, 张戈, 王会伟, 袁天佑. 油莎豆苗期耐盐碱性综合评价及指标筛选[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(7): 40-54.

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