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Analysis of Combining Ability and Heredity for Plant Yield Traits in Pepper HAN Ya’nan, CHANG Xiaoke, CHENG Zhifang, ZHANG Tao, YAO Qiuju Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 136-144.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.016 Abstract （297）      PDF （6392KB）（762）       Knowledge map    Save In order to evaluate the combining ability and heredity for plant architecture and yield components，and improve the efficiency of selecting elite combinations of pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）,five parental lines（C1—C5）with different characters were used to develop 20 hybrid crosses by Griffing complete diallel crossing design，and nine agronomic traits of 25 genetypes were determined to analyze heterosis，combining ability and heritability．The results showed that the heterosis indexes of yield per plant，fruit number per plant，plant width and fruit length were higher，with the averages of up to 145.98%，131.35% 122.51% and 121.20%，respectively. The coefficients of variation of yield per plant and fruit number per plant were 31.80% and 17.78%，respectively. Analysis of combination ability showed that C2 and C4 with high general combination ability（GCA）were the optimal lines in single fruit weight and single plant yield，and the crosses C4×C5，C1×C2，C2×C3 and C4×C5，C3×C2 were determined as the excellent combinations in weight and single plant yield respeitively based on special combination ability（SCA）and reciprocal（REC）effects. The high values of broad⁃sense heritability and narrow⁃sense heritability for yield per plant and fruit width indicated that these traits were mainly controlled by additive effects，and the environmental variances of stem diameter and flesh thickness were higher than their genetic variances. The coefficients between major traits and yield per plant suggested that the yield per plant was positively correlated with single fruit weight，fruit length and fruit number per plant. In conclusion，the parental lines C2,C4 and the crosses C3×C2，C4×C5 are suitable for cultivating highly⁃yielding varieties. Pepper breeding should be focused on single fruit weight，fruit length and fruit number per plant. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Crop Genetic Breeding JIAO Yaolei, WANG Chunsheng, QU Shuo, SUN Shanshan, ZHU Tingting, ZHAO He, WANG Piwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 1-7.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.001 Abstract （737）      PDF （6994KB）（602）       Knowledge map    Save CRISPR/Cas9（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISRP‑associated nuclease 9）is a new type of genome⁃directed editing technology after ZFNs（zinc finger nucleases）and TALENs（transcription activator like effector nucleases）.Compared with the previous two generations of technology，it has the characteristics of simplicity and high efficiency.CRISPR/Cas9 is not only a basic research tool，but also has become one of currently useful molecular breeding tools，and important progress has been made in crop genetic improvement. The structure，classification，action mechanism of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its application progress in crop quality improvement，yield enhancement， resistance breeding and male sterile material selection were reviewed，its existing problems were discussed，and its application prospects were prospected. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Arsenic Content and Spatial Distribution in Paddy Soil Profile of Typical Parent Material in Hunan Province SHI Qiang, WANG Cuihong, BU Siyi, ZENG Ying, LI Xiaojing, OUYANG Ningxiang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 87-100.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.011 Abstract （317）      PDF （13373KB）（578）       Knowledge map    Save In order to guide the prevention and control of arsenic pollution in farmland and improve the basic database of heavy metals in farmland，the changes and spatial distribution characteristics of arsenic content in paddy soil profile of typical parent material in Hunan Province were studied. Based on the soil classification，59 typical sections and 332 soil samples were excavated from the paddy soils of Hunan typical parent materials，namely，alluvial sandy soil，grey clayey soil，yellow clayey soil，reddish yellow clayey soil，purple clayey soil and granitic sandy soil. The As content，pH，particle classification composition，organic matter and free iron oxide were detected and analyzed，with a focus on the section characteristics and spatial distribution of As in paddy soil and their relationship with physical and chemical properties of soil.The results showed that the content of total arsenic in the whole soil profile was 2.03—31.16 mg/kg，with an average of 12.30 mg/kg，mostly in the range of 2.00—18.00 mg/kg. The contents of total arsenic in alluvial sandy soil，grey clayey soil，yellow clayey soil，reddish yellow clayey soil，purple clayey soil and granitic sandy soil were 16.78，15.01，13.86，12.24，8.44，7.40 mg/kg. The arerage contents of total arsenic in the cultivated layer and the bottom layer were 12.09 mg/kg and12.34 mg/kg，respectively.On the whole，the contents of total arsenic in soils distributed in Eastern Hunan and in a few soil samples in Southern Hunan and Western Hunan were higher.The average contents of available arsenic in paddy soil were 0.19 mg/kg in the whole layer，0.26 mg/kg in the surface layer and 0.17 mg/kg in the bottom layer，respectively.The content of available arsenic was the highest in grey clayey soil，lowest in granitic sandy soil，and similar in other paddy soils.The contents of organic matter and free iron oxide in paddy soil were the main soil factors to determine the total arsenic content.In summary，most of the paddy soils tested in Hunan Province based on soil classification were at safe arsenic levels. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Iron Element in Rice CHENG Jinping, LIU Xiaogang, YU Xueran, XUE Xinyue, MA Jiaxin, LUO Chengke, TIAN Lei, YANG Shuqin, MA Tianli, LI Peifu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 1-8.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.001 Abstract （262）      PDF （1143KB）（481）       Knowledge map    Save Iron is an essential trace element in the growth and development of organisms.The iron required for rice is mainly absorbed from soil,and plays important roles in rice height,thousand-grain weight,quality and so on. The content of iron in soil in China,genetic difference of iron content in rice,correlation between iron content in rice and agronomic traits of rice,quantitative trait locus(QTL) and genes related with iron content in rice,absorption and transportation mechanism of iron element in rice were reviewed,providing a theoretical basis for iron-rich rice breeding. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Straw Wood Vinegar ZHAO Shuheng, LI Zhuojie, LIU Xiaofeng, HU Jianjun, DING Yanbo Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (1): 1-10.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.01.001 Abstract （377）      PDF （1429KB）（452）       Knowledge map    Save Wood vinegar，as a valuable acidic by‐product in the process of biomass pyrolysis for carbon production，is rich in various organic compounds such as acids，alcohols，phenols，aldehydes，esters，ethers and a small amount of metal elements，which has a high application value.In the raw material of wood vinegar，because of low lignin content and poor quality in straw，the development and application of straw wood vinegar are slow.However，the study of straw wood vinegar is of great significance to the utilization of agricultural waste and has a broad development prospect.In order to provide references for the further development and efficient utilization of straw wood vinegar，the crude preparation and refining technology of straw wood vinegar were introduced，the composition and physicochemical properties of straw wood vinegar were summarized，and the research and application progresses of straw wood vinegar in agriculture，medicine and health and other fields were reviewed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Plant Phenomics in the Context of Smart Agriculture YANG Wenqing, LIU Tianxia, TANG Xingping, XU Guofu, MA Zhe, YANG Hekai, WU Wendou Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (7): 1-12.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.07.001 Abstract （395）      PDF （1262KB）（437）       Knowledge map    Save China’s agriculture is in the key stage of changing from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.Smart agriculture is an important embodiment of modern agricultural development and an inevitable trend of agricultural development in the future.Smart agriculture aims to deeply combine modern information technologies such as internet of things，artificial intelligence and big data with traditional agriculture to make agricultural production intelligent，green，standardized and digital.Plant phenomics is a science to study the characteristics of plant phenotypes，which is one of the key technologies for the development of smart agriculture.By collecting phenotypic data at all levels of cells，organs，tissues，plants and populations，plant phenomics extracts important trait information with high repeatability and high reliability from massive data，so as to provide data support and method support for gene mining，crop breeding and accurate management of agricultural production process.This paper reviews the development status of plant phenomics under the background of smart agriculture from the aspects of phenotypic data collection and analysis and the construction of plant phenotypic analysis platform at home and abroad，summarizes the application of plant phenomics research in smart agricultural production，and finally looks forward to the future development trend of plant phenomics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Cold Resistance of Wheat FANG Yuhui, HAN Liupeng, HUA Xia, ZHAO Mingzhong, GUO Rui, QI Xueli, HU Lin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (4): 1-10.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.04.001 Abstract （380）      PDF （1275KB）（409）       Knowledge map    Save The freeze injury is a frequent natural disaster in wheat production，which is one of the important environmental factors restricting wheat yield and quality. In this paper，the type of wheat freeze injury，the physiological mechanism（cell membrane system，osmotic adjustment substances，antioxidant system，photosynthetic characteristics and endogenous hormones）and molecular mechanisms（cold resistant genes，cold resistant omics） of wheat cold resistance were summarized. The problems and solutions in the study of wheat cold resistance were also discussed，which provided an important reference for the research of cold resistance mechanism and breeding of wheat. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Progress of VIGS Technology in the Research of Pepper Gene Function LI Jie, LUO Jianghong, WAN Zilong, YANG Ping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 9-15.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.002 Abstract （305）      PDF （1129KB）（391）       Knowledge map    Save Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology,as a means of reverse genetics of plant gene function study,has been widely used in the field of plant functional genomics. VIGS technology is simple,efficient and high-throughput,which is expected to improve the slow state of research on the gene function of pepper,and provide new ideas for the research on gene function and variety improvement of pepper.This paper reviewed the application of VIGS as vector tool in studying gene function related with matter synthesis and accumulation regulation in growth and development,secondary metabolites insect-resistant defense,biotic stress and abiotic stress prevention in pepper. Furtherly,we prospected the development foreground using VIGS technique to explore gene function in pepper.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and Sequence Analysis of the MdLAC Gene Family Members in Apple YANG Yang, LIU Yuanyuan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 125-135.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.015 Abstract （330）      PDF （9724KB）（385）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the function and phylogenetic relationship of the apple laccase（MdLAC）gene family，the members of the MdLAC gene family were identified by the bioinformatics method，at the same time，the physical and chemicalproperties，phylogenetic relationships，gene structure，conserved structure，amino acid sequence and chromosome location were analyzed. The results showed that 77 MdLAC gene family members were identified in apple. The length of the amino acid sequence of encoded proteins ranged from 323 to 611，the molecular weight ranged from 36.29 to 67.87 ku，and the isoelectric point（pI） ranged from 4.65 to 9.92. The results of subcellular localization prediction showed that most of the MdLAC proteins were located outside the cell，the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the MdLAC gene family had 10 branches，and the conservative structure analysis showed that the MdLAC gene family was conservative in structure. Chromosome mapping revealed that 77 MdLAC genes were unevenly distributed on 18 chromosomes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Salt Tolerance Co-expression Modules and Hub Genes in Ipomoea batatas by WGCNA ZHANG Yi, WU Wanyi, LIU Xiayu, ZHANG Jie, TANG Ruimin, JIA Xiaoyun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 16-27.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.003 Abstract （169）      PDF （6924KB）（381）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the salt tolerance genes in Ipomoea batatas,we selected the top 50%(32 147)genes with large expression variation among different samples using transcriptome data of sweet potato roots at different time under salt stress,and conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).The results showed that 20 co-expressed modules were constructed,among which six gene modules were significantly associated with salt stress in sweet potato.Among the six gene modules related to salt stress,Green module and Red module were positively correlated with the salt stress at 48 h,Black and Yellow modules were positively correlated with the salt stress at 12 h,and Midnightblue and Magenta modules were negatively correlated with the salt stress at 48 h.Four specific modules which were positively correlated with salt stress were further analyzed.GO enrichment analysis showed that the four modules were significantly enriched in many items related to salt tolerance,such as transmembrane transport,cell response stimulated by salicylic acid,response to abiotic stimuli and response to hypertonic stress.By calculating the module relationships of genes within the module, bHLH115(basic helix-loop-helix 115), HAK5(high affinity K +transporter 5), NAGS2 (N-acetyl-L-glutamate synthase 2), DUF699 (GNAT acetyltransferase), TLP5(tubby like protein 5)and other genes were found to be the hub genes of these four modules,and the functional prediction suggested that these genes might play important roles in the resistance against stress.Through constructing interaction networks of hub genes,we found that FAR1(farred-impaired response 1),NAC[NAM(no apical meristem),ATAF1(Arabidopsis transcription activation factor 1),ATAF2,CUC2(cup-shaped cotyledon 2)] family gene NAC2,HsfB2a(heat shock transcription factor B2a) and other genes had high interaction with hub genes. This study provides a new idea for further study on the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in sweet potato. Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (4): 0-.   Abstract （66）      PDF （225978KB）（380）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Photosynthetic Regulation Mechanism of Red and Blue LED Light Quality on Growth of Pepper Seedlings LIU Yubing, CHEN Haiyan, WANG Junwei, HUANG Ke, LI Jie, LIU Mingyue Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 145-153.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.017 Abstract （261）      PDF （11372KB）（377）       Knowledge map    Save The low temperature and weak light in winter and spring in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River severely restricted the growth and development of pepper seedlings. In this paper，the effect of light quality on the growth and development of pepper seedlings was analyzed，and the regulation mechanism from photosynthetic physiology was discussed to provide new ideas and methods for pepper seeding under low temperature and weak light condition.Using pepper Xingshu 215 as the test material,five LED light quality treatments，R/B=1∶1（RB），R/B=3∶1（3RB），R/B=6∶1（6RB），R/B=9∶1（9RB）,and red light（R），were set and white light was used as control. Light intensity was 150 μmol（/m2·s），and light period was 12 h/12 h.The parameters of growth，photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of pepper seedlings were measured.Results showed that the plant height and hypocotyl length of pepper seedlings increased with increasing of R/B ratio. The dry and fresh weights of the aboveground and underground parts of 3RB and 6RB treatments were higher than those of R treatment.Under the same light intensity or CO2 concentration，the Pn value of pepper leaves of 3RB treatment was always higher than that of the control and other treatments. The values of carboxylation efficiency（CE）,maximum carboxylation rate（Vmax）,maximum electron transfer rate（Jmax）,triose phosphate utilization rate（TPU）of 3RB treatment were all the highest，but no significant difference was observed between 3RB and 6RB treatments. As the R/B ratio increased，the values of Fo and Fm increased，but no significant difference in the Fv/Fm value existed between the treatments. The values of NPQ under R&B combination light treatments were significantly higher than that of R treatment. Under R treatment，the values of ΔK，ΔJ，ΔI，ΔL were all above zero，while the values of ΔK，ΔJ，ΔI，ΔL were all below zero under R&B combination light treatments 3RB and RB.In conclusion，3RB and 6RB treatments can significantly improve the ability of pepper seedling leaves to absorb and capture light quantum，protect the integrity of the photosynthetic system membrane，smooth the photosynthetic electron transfer，increase the values of Amax，light saturation point，CE，Vmax，Jmax，TPU of pepper leaves，improve the protective ability of photosynthetic structure，reduce light inhibition，and improve the dry matter accumulation of the aboveground and underground parts. R/B=3∶1 and 6∶1 can provide a better light environment for the growth and development of pepper seedlings，which will provide a reference for the cultivation of pepper seedlings under low temperature and weak light condition. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Systems in Protoplasts of Setaria italica LIU Guangyu, XU Xiaojing, XIA Keke, SUN Haixi, TAO Yueru, CUI Zhen, GU Ying Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (1): 34-42.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.01.005 Abstract （404）      PDF （1847KB）（373）       Knowledge map    Save To optimize and screen efficient genome editing systems in millet（Setaria italica），multiple CRISPR/Cas9（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISRP‐associated nuclease 9）genome editing systems were constructed with six kinds of gRNAs designed for phytoene desaturase（SiPDS） gene（gRNA1—gRNA2 for exon 1，gRNA3—gRNA6 for exon 12），and transformed into protoplasts of millet by polyethylene glycol‐mediated method. Then the mutation efficiency against SiPDS gene was rapidly detected by large‐scale parallel sequencing. The results showed that the protoplast transformation system established by the young stems of 7 day‐old millet etiolated seedlings had high transformation efficiency from 50. 44% to 57. 36%. Using this method，the gene editing systems with Cas9 gene driven by Super and Ubi promoters were transferred into millet protoplasts，the mutation efficiencies of SiPDS gene were 0. 5% and 5. 5% respectively. Thus，the Cas9 gene of gene editing systems with single gRNA，double gRNA or tRNA cassettes were driven by Ubi promoter，and mutation efficiency of SiPDS gene induced by these systems was compared. It was found that the mutation efficiencies of gene editing system with double gRNA cassettes such as Ubi‐dgRNAE1 and Ubi‐dgRNAE12 were 1. 66 and 1. 11 times higher than that with single gRNA system. The mutation efficiency induced by tRNA‐based system Ubi‐tRNA was 51. 24%，which was 5. 87 times higher than that with single gRNA system. Moreover，Ubi‐tRNA could simultaneously edit multiple sites of SiPDS gene，the multi‐site mutation frequency was 3. 23%. The cleavage activities in vitro of ribonucleoprotein（RNP）complexes which were mixture of gRNA3，gRNA4 or gRNA5 transcripts with Cas9 protein respectively were compared，it was found that RNP‐gRNA5 complex had the highest cleavage activity in vitro，the mutation efficiency of SiPDS gene was 2. 0%，and the dominant mutation type was deletion less than 3 bp. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the Influence of Ecological Factors on the Content of Saponins and Planting Patterns of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis HU Ke, TIAN Meihua, TANG Anjun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 8-14.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.002 Abstract （238）      PDF （6774KB）（350）       Knowledge map    Save The species of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis is one of the Chinese traditional medicinal materials.However，the wild resources of this species are sharply decreasing due to excessive unscientific collection and digging，even already resulting in such a phenomenon that the wild P. polyphylla var.chinensis of a few natural distribution areas has disappeared.Artificially planting P. polyphylla var.chinensisis is largely increasing，which has been considered as an effective way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of Paris resources. The medical part of this medical species is mainly the rhizome and the saponin content in the dry rhizomes must satisfy the official standard in China. Based on the research and investigation in recent years，the difference of saponin content in the rhizome and aboveground part of P. polyphylla var. chinensis，the influences of ecological factors and planting patterns were summarized and analyzed in this paper. Seeds seed coats and leaves of this species also contain abundant saponins，however，lower than that of the rhizome. And the climatic factors and soil factors are the leading ecological factors affecting the saponin content in the rhizome. In practice，planting P.poluphylla var. chinensis under forest and in shade shed is major type at present，and appropriate shading treatments and canopy density can improve both the growth of the whole plant and its rhizome. Inaddition，some main problems occurring in studying saponins and planting P. poluphylla var. chinensis were commented on，and a few study directions worth exploring in the future were put forward. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation of Intelligent Internet of Things System Based on High-Level Packet Tracer WANG Yonghong, WANG Shiyao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 156-162.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.019 Abstract （190）      PDF （2278KB）（347）       Knowledge map    Save Intelligent internet of things (IoT) system simulation is beneficial to the design and implementation of IoT systems.This simulation test adopted high-level Packet Tracer virtualization simulation software, and designed a system simulation model with intelligent perception, intelligent transmission and intelligent control functions,as well as a system control model with intelligent judgment,and introduced dynamic environment management.Then,through Python logic programming it realized the process simulation of the intelligent IoT in the perception layer,transmission layer and application layer.The simulation results showed that the IoT system obtained the environmental factors and the status of the execution device every 1 s,which were consistent with the test results of the control terminal equipment.Based on the control model,the IoT system could intelligently or manually control the state of the actuator through the remote terminal and the cloud server,and could adjust the environmental factors in real time.In the simulation,there was a many-to-many relationship in the impact of the execution device on the environmental factors. The simulation test achieved the purpose of the research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Application of Lightweight Yolov7‐TSA Network in Tea Disease Detection and Identification LI Weihao, ZHAN Wei, ZHOU Wan, HAN Tao, WANG Peiwen, LIU Hu, XIONG Mengyuan, SUN Yong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (5): 162-169.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.05.019 Abstract （167）      PDF （3989KB）（340）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problems of low accuracy，slow model running speed and no detection function of the existing tea disease identification methods，a novel Yolov7‐TSA（Yolov7‐Tiny‐SiLU‐Attention）lightweight network architecture was proposed to detect and classify tea diseases.Specifically，the LeakReLU activation function in the Yolov7‐T network was replaced with the SiLU activation function to improve detection accuracy and prevent overfitting.Meanwhile，the feature perception of target contour and spatial location was further improved by fusing the coordinate attention mechanism. Experiments on the dataset containing eight tea diseases（including healthy tea leaves） showed that the recognition accuracy of Yolov7‐TSA network reached 94.2%，which was 3.2 and 1.2 percentage points higher compared to Yolov7‐T and Yolov7 networks，respectively.Furthermore，it showed significant results in terms of parameters，floating point operations，model size and inference time per image，which were reduced by 83%，87%，83% and 34%，respectively，compared to the Yolov7 network. The network model achieves the detection and classification of tea diseases when balancing recognition accuracy and real‐time performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Reduced Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Yield and Nutrient Utilization of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation of Water⁃Fertilizer Integration ZHANG Lei, LI Huaisheng, LIU Jinxia, WANG Heya, LIANG Fei, WANG Guodong, LI Jinke, YANG Jie Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 15-22.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.003 Abstract （1181）      PDF （7200KB）（330）       Knowledge map    Save No fertilization treatment（T1），supervised fertilization treatment（T2），supervised fertilization without nitrogen fertilizer treatment（T3⁃N），supervised fertilization without phosphorus fertilizer treatment（T4⁃P） and farmers’routine fertilization treatment（T5） were set up to study the effects of reduced application of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and nutrient utilization of spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration，so as to provide scientific basis for reduced application of fertilizer for spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration. The results showed that reasonablewater and fertilizer operation could increase dry matter accumulation of spring wheat under drip irrigation. The dry weight of spring wheat of T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments was similar and high，followed by T2 treatment.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of grain，glume，stem and leaf of T2，T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments were higher than those of T5 and T1 treatments. The yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment significantly increased by 20.07% and 33.44% compared with T5 and T1 treatments respectively.Compared with T5 treatment，the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 25%，and the application rate of phosphate fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 112%，while the yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment did not reduce，even increased. Compared with the farmers’routine fertilization treatment，the fertilization treatments，（T2，T3⁃N，T4⁃P）with water and fertilizer integration could improve the agronomic efficiencies，partial productivities and utilization efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. In general，fertilization treatments with water and fertilizer integration can improve spring wheat yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency，reduce the amount of fertilizer application，and achieve the purpose of reduction of fertilizer without reduction of yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Sowing Date on Dry Matter Accumulation, Transportation and Yield of Different Foxtail Millet Cultivars LI Junxia , FAN Yongqiang, DAI Shutao, ZHU Cancan, HAN Yanli, QIN Na, WANG Yanhui, SONG Yinghui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 39-47.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.006 Abstract （326）      PDF （7793KB）（321）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the suitable sowing date of summer sowing foxtail millet cultivars in Henan Province，four main cultivars，Yugu 17，Yugu 23，Yugu 28 and Yugu 29，were used to analyze change rules of growth period，dry matter accumulation and transportation of various vegetative organs before anthesis and yield under five sowing dates（June 11，June 19，June 26，July 3 and July 10）. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date，the days from seedling to heading of foxtail millet were shortened，while the days from heading to ripening were prolonged. With the delay of sowing date，dry weight of vegetative organs at anthesis and mature stages firstly decreased and then increased. All foxtail millet cultivars had relatively higher dry matter translocation amount of vegetative organs before anthesis under the first three sowing dates. The transportation rate of each vegetative organ before anthesis showed stem sheath>leaf> stem，while the contribution rate of vegetative organs to grain was just opposite，showing stem sheath<leaf<stem. Under different sowing dates，the transportation rate of total dry matter of vegetative organs before anthesis ranged from 17.26% to 45.83%，which showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the delay of sowing date，while contribution rate of vegetative organs to grain ranged from 8.83% to 25.17%，which didn’t show a clear pattern. Further analysis showed that spike length and diameter were not significantly affected by sowing date，and their differences were mainly due to the characteristics of cultivars，while grain weight per spike and 1 000⁃grain weight decreased obviously with the delay of sowing date. The grain yield of all foxtail millet cultivars decreased with the delay of sowing date，and different cultivars had different responses to the delay of sowing date，the optimum sowing dates of Yugu 17 and Yugu 23 were before June 19，while the optimum sowing dates of Yugu 28 and Yugu 29 were before June 26 and July 3，respectively. On the whole，the suitable sowing date is before June 19 for summer foxtail millet cultivars in Henan Province，and sowing date can be advanced or delayed appropriately according to the cultivar characteristics. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Planting Pattern and Sowing Date on Nitrogen Translocation and Yield of Winter Wheat YU Meng, GU Xiaobo, LI Yuannong, CHEN Pengpeng, YANG Jinyu, LI Yupeng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 27-36.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.004 Abstract （201）      PDF （1426KB）（311）       Knowledge map    Save The field experiments were conducted to explore the effect of different sowing dates［normal sowing（D0：October 14），postponed sowing（D1：October 21；D2：October 28）］and planting patterns［ridge‑furrow with full film mulching（RM），flat planting with full film mulching（FM）and flat planting without mulching（NM）］on the dry weight，nitrogen accumulation，nitrogen transport rate，the contribution rate of nitrogen to grains and yield of winter wheat，so as to provide theoretical basis for the proper arrangement of sowing date in response to tight farming time，delayed autumn rain and climate change and realizing high and stable yield of winter wheat. The results showed that as a whole，proper postponed sowing date（D1）increased the dry weight of leaves and stems at flowering stage，nitrogen accumulation in leaves at flowering and mature stages，nitrogen transport rate in leaves（55.4%）and the contribution rate of nitrogen to grains（104.2%），but decreased the number of grains per spike，effective spikes number and yield. At the same sowing date，compared with NM treatment，RM and FM treatments generally increased the dry weight of winter wheat at all stages，improved the ear traits and yields，and the increase of yield of RM treatment was greater than that of FM treatment. RM treatment mainly increased the nitrogen accumulation in leaves，FM treatment increased the nitrogen accumulation in stems，and both increased the number of effective spikes and yields. The number of grains per spike of RMD0 treatment was the most，and the greatest 1 000‑grain weight was obtained in NMD0 treatment. The effective spikes number of FMD0 treatment was the highest，which was 54. 4% higher than that of NMD0 treatment.Compared with NMD0 treatment，the yield of all treatments under RM and FM increased significantly，FMD0 treatment increased by 74. 9%，RMD0，RMD2 and RMD1 treatments increased by 61. 3%，46.2% and 44.6% respectively.In conclusion，ridge‑furrow with full film mulching under postponed sowing date and flat planting with full film mulching under normal sowing date could ensure the high and stable yield of winter wheat. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and Identification of Soil Bacterial Strains Metabolizing Propionic Acid DU Cuiying, LU Jiayi, HU Lang, YAO Guoxin, DAI Yujun, LI Jing, ZHENG Cao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 69-75.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.009 Abstract （230）      PDF （1595KB）（307）       Knowledge map    Save Isolation and identification of soil bacterial strains that metabolize propionic acid can enrich the scientific understanding of the bacterial types which are able to metabolize propionic acid in nature.Through soil sample pre‑culture，solid plate culture by using propionic acid as the sole carbon source，aswell as morphological observation and the 16S rDNA sequences homologous analysis methods，the targetbacterial strains that were capable of metabolizing propionic acid were isolated and identified.Further，the key enzyme genes of 2‑methylcitrate cycle，the propionic acid metabolizing pathway，in the obtained target strains were analyzed by bioinformatics method.A total of 10 target bacterial strains were isolated and successfully classified：3 strains of Bacillus genus，2 strains of Rhodococcus genus，and 1 strain each for Arthrobacter genus，Streptomyces genus，Microbacterium genus，Isoptericola genus，and Xylanimicrobium genus.Besides，the ability of these bacteria to metabolize propionic acid was significantly different.Bioinformatics analysis showed that most of the strains contained the key enzyme genes of 2‑methylcitrate cycle，and the arrangement of the key enzyme genes was not consistent in different types of bacteria. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Implementation of Customizable Crop Breeding Data Acquisition System Based on Android LI Guoqiang, ZHAO Qiaoli, ZANG Hecang, ZHAO Qing, ZHANG Jie, SONG Hui, WANG Meng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 174-180.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.021 Abstract （197）      PDF （5814KB）（303）       Knowledge map    Save In order to achieve paperless collection of crop breeding data，reduce the secondary data entry process，and improve the efficiency of data collection，a customizable crop breeding data acquisition system based on Android was proposed and developed by using Android Studio development tool and JAVA programming language.The APP architecture adopted a single machine version，and the traits of different crops were stored in the attribute database of the system.The acquisition of traits referred to the investigation standard of agronomic traits of related crops.The APP functions included testmanagement,template customization，data acquisition，data query and data export.Before entering the system，users selected crop types firstly，and created test projects by importing Excel template files.In the template customization module，the APP provided corresponding traits according to the selected categories，andusers selected the traits that needed to be collected at present to be saved as customized templates.Data collection was executed based on the combination of test projects and custom templates.Data storage,query，and export were indexed by the names of test items and custom templates. The APP was preliminarily applied in the investigation of millet core germplasm resources in Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，which improved the data collection efficiency of millet test by 65.18%.The system has the advantages of simple operation,convenient carrying，low popularization cost and shows a broad application prospect. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of UAV Flight Height on Prediction Model of Plant Nitrogen Accumulation in Winter Wheat JING Yuhang, GUO Yan, ZHANG Huifang, RONG Yasi, ZHANG Shaohua, FENG Wei, WANG Laigang, HE Jia, LIU Haijiao, ZHENG Guoqing Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (2): 147-158.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.02.018 Abstract （883）      PDF （10477KB）（302）       Knowledge map    Save UAV has the advantage of obtaining crop information quickly，efficiently and non‑destructively，and is widely used in modern agriculture. However，the flight height of UAV directly affects the efficiency of obtaining crop information. In this study，UAV remote sensing images with different resolutions were obtained at the jointing，flowering and filling stages of winter wheat by setting flight altitudes of 30 m， 60 m and 90 m，to explore and analyze the impact of UAV flight altitude on the prediction model of winter wheat plant nitrogen accumulation. Firstly，six vegetation indices（NDVI，RDVI，RERDVI，GBNDVI，OSAVI，EXG）and four texture features（Green‑mean，Green‑sm，Red‑mean，Red‑var）were screened out by correlation and collinearity analysis between different height of vegetation indices，texture features and nitrogen accumulation of winter wheat. Based on the selected vegetation index and texture characteristics，the prediction models of nitrogen accumulation of winter wheat plant were established with vegetation index，texture feature and vegetation index+texture feature by using PLSR and BPNN methods，and the models were cross‑verified at different heights. The stability of the models was analyzed by R²，RMSE and RPD indices. The results showed that the prediction models established with vegetation index，texture feature and vegetation index+texture feature extracted from 30 m UAV images had the best stability by the two methods. The R 2 ，RMSE and RPD ranges of the three models with different information were 0.57—0.89，1.27—4.16 g/m2 and 1.67—3.65，respectively. The stability of BPNN model constructed under the three kinds of modeling information was better than that of PLSR on the whole.The R 2 and RPD of the verification model were improved in the range of 0.01—0.39 and 0.05—1.44，respectively. RMSE decreased by 0.08—8.53 g/m 2.The order of stability of the prediction models for plant nitrogen accumulation was vegetation index+texture feature>vegetation index>texture feature. The vegetation index，texture feature and vegetation index+texture feature of remote sensing images from three UAV flight heights were combined to predict plant nitrogen accumulation，which could improve the estimation accuracy（ R 2 ，RMSE and RPD ranges were 0.89—0.93，1.80—2.03 g/m 2 and 3.54—4.03，respectively）.Therefore，when considering the efficiency and accuracy，the flight height of UAV should be increased appropriately for efficient nitrogen accumulation prediction with comprehensive utilization of vegetation index and texture feature. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Soymilk and Potassium Root Irrigation on Soil Properties and Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco LI Yafei, ZHANG Xiang, CHANG Dong, LI Liang , CHENG Peijun, SI Xianzong, SUO Yanyan, QIU Lingjun, MAO Jiawei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 44-53.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.006 Abstract （195）      PDF （1692KB）（301）       Knowledge map    Save By applying soybean milk after fermentation and potassium root irrigation in tobacco soil,two potassium fertilizers were used to screen out best treatment, to supply theoretical basis for soymilk root irrigation in tobacco cultivation.With soybean milk after fermentation and potassium fertilizers (KNO3and potassium fulvate) application in transplanting period and resettling stage at places of Lushi and Luoning, effects were studied on soil properties, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that soymilk and potassium root irrigation in transplanting period and resettling stage could significantly increase soil properties,activity of microbes,dry matter accumulation in plant,contents of total nitrogen, nicotine,reducing sugar and potassium in leaf,yield and value,and effects of treatment T3( soybean milk after fermentation and KNO3 application in resettling stage)were best. At the place of Lushi,the content of soluble organic carbon,nitrate nitrogen and available K increased by 30.31%,370.18% and 17.60%, respectively,with soymilk and potassium root irrigation application at rosette stage,and bacteria amount, contents of microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen,dry matter accumulation in plant, K content,yield,value and super tobacco rate increased by 47.42%,26.91%,28.07%,37.72%,33.55%, 15.99%,20.78% and 14.11%,respectively.At the place of Luoning,after soymilk and potassium root irrigation application at rosette stage,contents of soluble organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen,available K, soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen increased by 25.45%, 40.76%, 10.92%,139.27% and 25.88%,respectively;Dry matter accumulation in plant,K content,yield,value and super tobacco rate of flue-cured tobacco increased by 46.83%, 36.43%, 24.07%, 37.22% and 28.77%,respectively.By analysis of correlation, the relationships of dry matter accumulation in leaf, tobacco chemical constituents and activity and amount of soil microbes, soil nutrient were very close.Above all,the method of soymilk and potassium root irrigation at rosette stage was effective and suitable for west Henan tobacco area.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and Evaluation of Maize Varieties with High Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Huang‑Huai‑Hai Region Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 10-17.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.002 Abstract （1155）      PDF （2457KB）（297）       Knowledge map    Save Forty‑one summer maize varieties，which are composed of the main varieties and the varieties that will be spread in the future in maize production in Huang‑Huai‑Hai region，were selected as experimental materials.Two nitrogen（N）rates of 225 kg/ha（normal N rate）and 180 kg/ha（reducing 20% of normal N rate）were set up.The grain yields and N efficiencies of different maize varieties were analyzed under different N rates，maize varieties were divided into different types according to yield and N efficiencies，and maize varieties with high yield and N use efficiency were selected，so as to lay the foundation for reducing N fertilizer and increasing N use efficiency and protecting environment during maize production.The results indicated that Jingke 999（JK999）got the highest yield under the two N rates，and Zhongyu 303（ZY303）had higher yield. Shengyuan 96（SY96）got the lowest yield of 8.74 t/ha under normal N rate，while Longdan 639（LD639）got the lowest yield of 7.68 t/ha under reducing 20% of normal N rate.Cluster analysis showed that JK999 and ZY303 were the high‑yield varieties. The variation trend of N efficiency was consistent with yield of maize varieties under different N rates. The nitrogen efficiency classification result showed that，17 varieties including JK999 and ZY303 were high N efficiency type under both low and high N rates，5 varieties including Denghai 717（DH1717）and Youdi 919（YD919）were high N efficiency type under high N rate，5 varieties including Zhengdan 958（ZD958） and Jingnongke 728（JNK728）were high N efficiency type under low N rate. By considering the nitrogen efficiency and yield，JK999 and ZY303 could be used in large area as high‑yield and ‑N use efficiency varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Validation of Molecular Markers Related to Pre‑harvest Sprouting Resistance in High‑Quality Wheat Varieties LI Yaqing, ZHANG Nan, PENG Yifeng, ZHANG Shichang, LI Mengjun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 18-26.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.003 Abstract （343）      PDF （1873KB）（293）       Knowledge map    Save The molecular markers of six wheat(Triticum aestivum)genes[ Tamyb10 ,TaDFR（dihydroflavone reductase）， TaVp‑1(Viviparous‑1)， TaSdr(seed dormancy), TaPM19 ‑A1(plasma membrane 19‑A1）and TaMFT（mother of FT and TFL1)］related to pre‑harvest sprouting resistance was validated using seed germination indices of 42 high‑quality wheat varieties，so as to lay a foundation for the selection and breeding of high quality wheat varieties resistant to panicle germination. The results showed that two allelic variations for all the six genes( Tamyb10 ，TaDFR，TaVp‑1 ，TaSdr，TaPM19 ‑A1 and TaMFT)was identified in 42 high‑quality wheat varieties，and the proportion of favourite alleles was obviously different，which ranged from 4.8% to 78.6%，but the Vp‑1 Bb allele was not detected.The correlation analysis between allelic variations and germination indices showed that myb10D，MFT‑3A and MFT‑A2 were significantly correlated with pre‑harvest sprouting resistance，but the correlations between DFR‑B，Vp1B3，Sdr2A，Sdr2B，PM19‑A1 and pre‑harvest sprouting resistance were not significant.The STS marker myb10D could be applied in pre‑harvest sprouting resistance screening of red‑grain high‑quality wheat varieties，while the CAPS marker MFT‑3A and the STS marker MFT‑A2 could be applied in pre‑harvest sprouting resistance screening of white‑grain high‑quality wheat varieties.TaMFT maybe plays an important role in pre‑harvest sprouting resistance mechanism of high‑quality wheat varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Fine Mapping of QTLs for Yield Components of Rice BAI Tianliang, LI Jie, RAN Jie, YANG Hui, QIAO Chengbin, LI Peifu, TIAN Lei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (8): 1-8.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.08.001 Abstract （372）      PDF （1301KB）（293）       Knowledge map    Save Rice is one of major food crops，and its yield is very important for world food security.The yield components are key regulating factors for improvement of rice yield，which are often manifested as complex quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. It is of great significance to explore favorable yield genes for high yield of rice. QTL mapping is an important method for identifying genes associated with excellent agronomic traits in crops.This paper elaborated the strategies of QTL fine mapping and population selection，reviewed the research progress on QTL fine mapping of three key yield components of rice，namely panicle number，grain number per panicle and grain weight，map⁃based cloning and functional analysis，and put forward the breeding strategy of rational utilization of rice yield component genes，so as to provide reference and theoretical basis for cloning excellent yield traits genes and unraveling the genetic mechanisms of yield traits in rice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of Antagonistic Fungi against Soil-borne Diseases of Siraitia grosvenorii and the Antifungal Activity of Their Fermentation Products#br# ZHANG Ze, DENG Yecheng, CHEN Gan, WANG Ruihao, ZHANG Yanling, DENG Zhiyong, LAN Fusheng, GUO Lixia, ZHANG Chuanmei, LIANG Baoming, LUO Haiyu, ZHANG Mingliang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 91-98.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.011 Abstract （907）      PDF （2827KB）（290）       Knowledge map    Save The coating plate method and plate confrontation method were used to isolate and screen the antagonistic fungi against soil-borne pathogens ( Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii) from the rhizosphere soil of healthy Siraitia grosvenorii.The antagonistic fungi were identified according to their morphological and molecular biology characteristics. Mycelium growth rate method was employed to evaluate the antifungal activity of metabolites from antagonistic fungi.The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for the green control of soil-borne diseases of Siraitia grosvenorii.The results showed that a total of 25 fungi were isolated and 4 antagonistic fungi were screened out.The inhibitory rates of the four antagonistic fungi against Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii were 42.01%—63.56% and 59.81%—74.17%, respectively.The four antagonistic fungi were identified by morphological observation and molecular biology technique as Trichoderma asperellum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Talaromyces angelicus and Penicillium janthinellum, respectively.Under liquid fermentation conditions, the ethyl acetate extracts from Trichoderma asperellum, Aspergillus aculeatus and Talaromyces angelicus metabolites showed obvious antimicrobial activity against Fusarium solani,with EC 50 values of 1.290 1,2.637 0,3.646 9 mg/ mL,respectively.The ethyl acetate extracts from the fermentation products of Aspergillus aculeatus, Talaromyces angelicus and Penicillium janthinellum showed good antimicrobial activity against Sclerotium rolfsii with EC 50 values of 1.740 4,3.925 1,0.636 2 mg/mL,respectively.Under the conditions of solid rice fermentation, the fermentation product of Trichoderma asperellum had good antimicrobial activity against Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii,with EC 50 values of 2.339 4 mg/ mL and 1.941 8 mg/ mL.It is suggested that the 4 antagonistic fungi have potential application value for the control of soil-borne diseases of Siraitia grosvenorii. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Co-cultivation Mode of Breeding Goose in Cornfield on Growth,Nutrient Accumulation and Yield of Corn LIU Shuang, WANG Yanyu, YANG Huanmin, WANG Peng, YIN Kuide, ZHANG Xingmei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 28-36.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.004 Abstract （226）      PDF （2060KB）（284）       Knowledge map    Save The experiment was carried out in the cornfield in the seventh(2018) and eighth (2019)year of geese cultivation,and the effects of the co-cultivation mode of breeding goose in cornfield on the dry aboveground weight,nutrient accumulation and yield of corn at different growth stages were studied,so as to lay a theoretical foundation for better popularization and application of this mode in cornfield.The results showed that the dry weight and total N,P,K accumulation of stems,leaves and grains of corn of the co-cultivation mode were significantly increased compared with conventional corn cultivation mode.Compared with conventional corn cultivation mode, the total N, P, K accumulation of grain of the co-cultivation mode increased by 34.77%—41.95%, 32.30%—46.66%, 34.69%—42.26% respectively.In 2018 and 2019,the corn yield of the co-cultivation mode increased by 19.15% and 22.32%,respectively.In conclusion,the co-cultivation mode of breeding goose in cornfield could promote the accumulation of dry matter and nutrient of aboveground part,and increase corn yield. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pathogen Identification of Tobbaco Fusarium Root Rot and Its Sensitivity to Five Fungicides LIU Lijia, LI Fangfang, HE Lei, PENG Yufu, DING Yongle, SUN Jutao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 101-109.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.012 Abstract （614）      PDF （7619KB）（283）       Knowledge map    Save In order to screen out effective pesticides for the control of tobacco Fusarium root rot，and  reduce the impact of the disease on the yield and quality of tobacco leaves，the methods of microscopic  observation，evolutionary tree analysis，and inoculation identification were used to conduct biological  identification，molecular identification and pathogenicity identification of the pathogen NC⁃11 isolated  from the roots of tobacco Fusarium root rot plants in Xiangcheng County，Henan Province. Five fungicides  were selected for virulence test，and the best fungicide among them was tested for field control effect. The  results showed that the pathogen NC⁃11 isolated from the roots of tobacco plants with Fusarium root rot  disease was Fusarium oxysporum. There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the five  tested fungicides on the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporium. The inhibitory effect of metalaxyl⁃ M·fludioxonil 62.5 g/L FSC was the best，its EC50 was 0.186 2 mg/L，and the inhibition rate on mycelial  growth was up to 97.27%；Famoxadone·mancozeb 68% WG had the worst inhibitory effect，its EC50 was  203.152 2 mg/L，when the mass concentration was 1 000.00 mg/L，the inhibition rate on mycelial growth  was only 66.53%. Field verification results showed that 46 days after the first application in the field，the  relative control effect of metalaxyl⁃M·fludioxonil 62.5 g/L FSC reached 72.69%.Therefore，metalaxyl⁃ M·fludioxonil 62.5 g/L FSC can be used as the first choice for the prevention and control of tobacco  Fusarium root rot. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Spraying Strigolactone on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Antioxidant Capacity and Yield of Wheat under Drought Condition FANG Baoting, LI Xiangdong, WANG Hanfang, YUE Junqin, SHAO Yunhui, ZHANG Deqi, YANG Cheng, QIN Feng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 37-43.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.005 Abstract （234）      PDF （2753KB）（276）       Knowledge map    Save In order to provide theoretical and technical support for wheat production management under drought condition,the strigolactone analog GR24 was sprayed on the leaf of wheat at the early flowering stage,and the effects of spraying strigolactone on photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant capacity and yield of wheat under drought condition were studied. The results showed that,under drought condition,spraying GR24 could generally improve the flag leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO 2concentration,superoxide dismutase activity,catalase activity and soluble protein content,decrease stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,malondialdehyde content and abscisic acid content,and increase the thousandgrain weight and yield with the increase rate of 5.7%—7.4%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Effect of High Temperature on Maize at Flowering Stage WANG Huitao, YUAN Liuzheng, LIU Jiayou, WANG Huiqiang, ZHU Shidie, YUAN Manman, WANG Qiuling Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (9): 1-9.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.001 Abstract （201）      PDF （1281KB）（275）       Knowledge map    Save The high temperature at flowering stage not only reduces maize yield，but also decreases grain quality，which has a great impact on maize production. The effects of high temperature at flowering stage on maize physiological and biochemical characteristics，ear development，yield，grain quality were reviewed，and the research progress of maize genes related to heat tolerance was summarized under high temperature stress at flowering stage，which could lay a foundation for high temperature stress research in maiz Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Biomass Charcoal and Microbial Fertilizer on Improvement of Acidified Yellow Cinnamon Soil and Corn Growth LÜ Jinling, LI Taikui, KOU Changlin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 61-69.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.008 Abstract （152）      PDF （1419KB）（274）       Knowledge map    Save In order to deal with the existing serious acidification problems in yellow cinnamon soil,and  explore appropriate methods,the acidified yellow cinnamon soil was selected as the research object,five  kinds of fertilization treatments[ no fertilization(CK),traditional fertilization ( CT),microbial fertilizer  addition(WJ),high(T 20  ) and low(T 200 ) amounts of biochar addition] were chosen to carry out the  experiment of soil acid mitigation regulation in corn season.The results showed that,compared with CK  treatment,CT treatment showed no significant change in pH,content of soil organic matter(SOM),base  ions such as exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and exchangeable sodium( P >0.05) after corn harvest,indicating that conventional fertilization is not conducive to the improvement of acidified  yellow cinnamon soil.Compared with CK, the soil pH value and SOM content of WJ, T 20  and T 200   treatments increased significantly,in which the pH value reached 4.80,6.45 and 5.92 after corn harvest, and the SOM content reached 14.5,26.5 and 17.3g/kg,respectively.The addition of biochar and  microbial fertilizer could significantly alleviate acidification and improve the quality of yellow cinnamon  soil.At the same time,comparing the exchangeable ion content of different fertilization treatments,we  found that the exchangeable potassium,exchangeable sodium,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium contents of the soil treated with WJ,T 20  and T 200  were significantly higher than those treated  with CT and CK,indicating that the addition of microbial fertilizer and biochar can effectively hold the key  base ions in the yellow cinnamon soil.Not only that,comparing the photosynthetic indicators in the key  growth period of corn with different treatments,we found that the WJ,T 20  and T 200  treatments had higher  leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular CO 2  concentration (Ci) and  transpiration rate(Tr) in big trumpet stage and higher Pn,Gs ,Tr in grain filling stage than those of CK  and CT treatments,indicating that the addition of microbial fertilizer and biochar not only improved the  acidification of yellow cinnamon soil, but also improved various physiological indicators of corn.In  addition, comparing the improvement effects of different biochar addition amounts, we found that  significantly higher Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr,soil pH value,above-ground dry mass and root dry mass of maize existed in T 20  treatment than that of T 200  treatment,indicating that increasing the amount of biochar may be  more beneficial to the alleviation of yellow cinnamon soil acidification.All in all,adding biochar and  microbial fertilizer is an effective means to improve acidified yellow cinnamon soil,and increasing the amount of biochar can further improve the improvement effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and VP6 Gene Sequence Analysis of Porcine Group A Rotavirus HN2019-01 Strain HUANG Zhengyang, CHEN Yujing, HUANG Ke, LENG Chaoliang, LIU Yangkun, YAO Lunguang, LI Na Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 125-133.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.015 Abstract （117）      PDF （12983KB）（273）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the prevalence and molecular genetic characteristics of porcine rotaviruses(RV) in Henan,the positive diarrheal stool samples of RV from a pig farm were examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).A novel strain of RV,RVA/ Pig-wt/ HN2019-01,was isolated and passaged by MA-104 cells. VP6 gene amplification and bioinformatics analysis were performed to further characterize the RV isolated strain at the molecular level.As the result of VP6 gene amplification and sequence analysis,the RVA/ Pig-wt/ HN2019-01 showed the highest nucleotide identity with the previously reported porcine RV SWU-1C strain,which both were clustered to the I5 subgroup.The VP6 protein composed of 397 amino acids in length,possessing 4 N-glycosylation and 18 potential phosphorylation sites. Secondary structure of VP6 protein was found to be mainly alpha helix-based,and the spatial structure was highly similar to the VP6 of bovine rotavirus RF strain.Two cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes regions of rotavirus VP6 were conserved among different strains. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation,Identification and Genetic Characterization of Goose Astrovirus Isolate XX JIN Qianyue, GUO Yonggang, LI Junpeng, QIN Baoliang, WANG Yinbiao, GUO Zhenhua, WANG Li, XING Guangxu, DENG Ruiguang, ZHANG Gaiping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 134-141.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.016 Abstract （156）      PDF （2778KB）（273）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the genomic characteristics of goose astrovirus (GAstV) causing gosling gout in Henan Province,a strain of GAstV was isolated from goose samples with gout,named XX strain,and analysis of whole genome sequence and genetic characteristics of the virus was performed.The results showed that GAstV XX strain could be stably passaged on LMH cells without obvious cytopathic effect.The full length of the genome of the GAstV XX strain was 7 252 bp, and the nucleotide sequence homology was 98.1%,98.7% and 98.7% compared with GD,AstV/SDPY/Goose/1116/17 and AAstV/Goose/CHN/2017/ SD01,respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GAstV XX strain was in the same evolutionary branch as GD, AstV/ SDPY/ Goose/ 1116/ 17 and AAstV/ Goose/ CHN/ 2017/ SD01, belonging to group 1 of avian astrovirus.The amino acid sequence analysis of ORF2 encoded protein showed that there were multiple amino acid mutations in the isolated GAstV XX strain compared with the reported epidemic strains. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation，Identification and Biological Characteristics of Mycoplasma synoviae Strain from Henan Province XU Yindi, JIAO Wenqiang, WANG Zhifang, LI Haili, ZHANG Qingxian, ZHU Wenhao, WANG Keling Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (7): 168-173.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.020 Abstract （172）      PDF （5935KB）（270）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the synovitis infection in large⁃scale chicken farms in Henan Province，a total of 159 samples of lung pericardial effusion and articular fluid were collected from dead chickens with symptoms of tenosynovitis，synovitis，osteoarthritis，balloon inflammation，pericarditis，etc.A total of 25 Mycoplasma synoviae strains were identified by pathogen isolation and culture，16S rRNA gene sequencing and blasting. The separation rate was 15.7%，indicating a high infection rate of chicken synovitis in Henan Province. A strain which was isolated from a certain scale egg farm was named HNMsy1. Virulence test and immunogenicity test were performed on HNMsy1. Results showed that HNMsy1 had strong virulence to chickens. The challenge protection rate of the vaccine prepared by this strain against Mycoplasma synoviae was 100%. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Mechanism and Application of Reductive Soil Disinfection（RSD）in Prevention and Control of Continuous Cropping Obstacles of Facility Soil and Vegetable WANG Guangyin, GUO Weili, CHEN Bihua, PAN Feifei, HUANG Xinqi, CAI Zucong, ZHOU Jianhua, GU Guilan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (1): 1-10.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.001 Abstract （231）      PDF （1283KB）（269）       Knowledge map    Save Reductive soil disinfestation（RSD） is an environment‑friendly method，which has the characteristics of inhibiting soil‑borne pathogens and improving soil physicochemical properties.It has been successfully applied to prevent and control the continuous cropping obstacle in facility soil and vegetable production.In order to provide theoretical reference for the mechanism and application study of RSD to prevent and control soil continuous cropping obstacles，this paper summarizes the mechanism research progress of RSD to prevent and control soil continuous cropping obstacle，introduces the specific application of RSD in facility soil and vegetable production in recent years，and prospects the future research and application of RSD. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of Automatic Control System for Greenhouse Environment SHAN Huiyong, ZHANG Chenghao, LI Chenyang, ZHAO Hui, WEI Yong, GUO Xucun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (8): 174-180.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.08.021 Abstract （256）      PDF （2433KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Save In order to realize the adaptive adjustment of greenhouse environmental parameters，based on the greenhouse light intensity and carbon dioxide optimization model，an automatic control system for greenhouse environment was designed. Real time acquisition of temperature，light intensity，CO 2 and other parameters in greenhouse was done by PLC，remote communication was realized through OPC（OLE for process control）communication protocol，combined with data read in real time，according to the optimization model，the optimal CO 2 concentration and light intensity of crop growth in different temperature environment were analyzed and predicted，gas fertilizer generator and fill light lamp were controlled. At the same time，for the convenience of operators monitoring greenhouse real‑time environmental change and making corresponding decision control，a human‑computer interaction GUI interface based on MATLAB was designed.The preliminary test results showed that the control system could be used for crop growth adaptive light and air replenishment.The increment of photosynthetic rate during the regulation period was 1 176. 918 μmol/（m 2·s）.Data transmission was steady and real‑time feedback was good.The control system can automatically regulate the greenhouse environment，beneficial to the intelligent development of facility greenhouse. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Contents Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (5): 0-.   Abstract （28）      PDF （31822KB）（259）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Function of ROP Protein in Plant Growth and Development and Stress Response GUO Yaru, CHEN Xin, HUANG Junjun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (11): 1-5.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.11.001 Abstract （319）      PDF （1459KB）（258）       Knowledge map    Save ROP（Rho‑related GTPases from plants）protein is a type of plant‑specific small G protein，which plays an important role in plant signal transduction，and can regulate plant growth and development and stress response. The structure of ROP protein，roles of ROP protein in the growth and development of plant pollen tubes and root hairs，and plant resistance to low temperature，drought，high salt，pests and diseases were reviewed，and the future research directions were prospected，so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of ROP protein in plant breeding. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Advances in Biological Control of Pepper Fusarium Wilt ZHAO Zhixiang, YAN Wanrong, WANG Bao, HE Shu, ZENG Xiangping, XIAO Tongbin Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (4): 11-21.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.04.002 Abstract （286）      PDF （1298KB）（258）       Knowledge map    Save Fusarium wilt of pepper caused by Fusarium oxysporum is one of the soil‑borne diseases restricting the production of pepper.At present，effective disease‑resistant materials are still lacking，and chemical agents could not control it completely，at the same time causing problems such as environmental pollution，pesticide residues，and bacterial resistance and so on.The use of microorganisms and their metabolites，plant extracts and other biological pesticides for prevention and control can not only control the occurrence of diseases，but also not damage the ecological environment and endanger the health of humans and animals.Biological control meets the requirements of agricultural sustainable development，and has become a hot research topic.In this paper，the research progress of microbial species，plant sources and their biocontrol mechanisms used for the biological control of pepper Fusarium wilt in recent twenty years was reviewed. The existing problems of biocontrol products were analysed，and the future development direction of biocontrol of pepper Fusarium wilt was prospected. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics