关键词: 马铃薯, 原原种, 香芹酮, 发芽调控, 活性氧代谢, 能量代谢

Abstract: To clarify the regulatory effect and mechanism of carvone on the germination of potato seed tubers，two levels of reactive oxygen species and energy metabolism were analyzed with the Atlantic pre‐elite seed as experimental material. The experiment was carried out under dark conditions at room temperature（22±2）℃ and relative humidity of 15%—25%.The pre‐elite seed without treatment were used as the control group（CK），and the treatment with 0.3 mL/kg carvone was used as the experimental group（XQT）.The indicators related to antioxidant and energy metabolism of tuber samples from two groups were determined. Antioxidant enzymes included NADPH oxidase（NOX），catalase（CAT），peroxidase（POD），superoxide dismutase（SOD），glutathione reductase（GR）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）；the contents of ascorbic acid（AsA），reduced glutathione（GSH） and superoxide anion（O₂^-·）were also measured.Energy metabolism‐related enzymes contained succinate dehydrogenase（SDH），cytochrome C oxidase （CCO），H⁺‐ATPase and Ca²⁺‐ATPase.Meanwhile，the contents of adenosine monophosphate（AMP），adenosine diphosphate（ADP）and adenosine triphosphate（ATP）were determined，and energy charge（EC）was calculated accordingly.The results showed that the regulation of carvone treatment on the sprouting of potato pre‐elite seeds exhibited stage‐specific differences.During the enforced dormancy period of tubers（experimental stage Ⅰ），both XQT group and CK group showed the effect of inhibiting potato sprouting. During the sprouting period of the control tubers（experimental stageⅡ），compared with the CK group，carvone treatment significantly inhibited the activities of NOX，CAT，POD，APX and GR（the declines were 12.12%，51.14%，37.12%，27.40% and 15.33%，respectively），and significantly reduced the contents of AsA，GSH and O₂^-·（the declines were 10.35%，20.15% and 14.63%，respectively）.At the same time，the activities of H⁺‐ATPase，Ca²⁺‐ATPase，SDH and CCO were significantly increased（the increases were 24.60%，60.74%，20.72% and 8.93%，respectively），and the contents of ATP，ADP and AMP were significantly increased（the increases were 7.59%，9.92% and 8.76%，respectively）.At the tuber sprouting stage of XQT（stage Ⅲ），the change trend of each index was opposite to that of stage Ⅱ.Compared with CK group，the activities of NOX，SOD，CAT，POD，APX and GR were significantly increased by 61.04%，13.68%，23.44%，19.92%，14.64% and 7.89%，respectively.The contents of AsA，GSH，O₂^-· and H₂O₂ were significantly increased by 8.38%，28.81%，37.85% and 67.37%，respectively.The activities of H⁺‐ATPase，Ca²⁺‐ATPase，SDH and CCO were significantly decreased by 22.26%，12.87%，14.13% and 9.47%，respectively，and the contents of ATP and ADP were significantly decreased by 8.61% and 13.49%，respectively.In summary，active oxygen species metabolism and energy metabolism in different storage stages interact with each other and jointly regulate the germination of potato pre‐elite seed.

Key words: Potato, Pre‐elite seed, Carvone, Sprouting regulation, Reactive oxygen species metabolism, Energy metabolism