关键词: 废弃烟末, 水热法, 空心炭微球, 焦油吸附, 烟气减害

Abstract: To explore the resource utilization approaches of waste tobacco powder and develop flue gas harm reduction materials，hollow carbon microspheres were prepared from waste tobacco powder via a hydrothermal method at different temperatures（240，280，300 ℃）with different anionic polyacrylamide（APAM）dosages（20，100，200 mg）.The obtained samples were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy，scanning electron microscopy，and thermogravimetric analysis.Then the hollow carbon microspheres were applied to cigarette filters to study their effects on the tar release of cigarette smoke，and the cigarette draw resistance，flavor adsorption capacity and sensory quality were evaluated.The results showed that the yield of hollow carbon microspheres decreased with increasing reaction temperature.Although the types of functional groups of the hollow carbon microspheres prepared under different reaction conditions were essentially consistent，there were differences in surface morphology and thermal stability.Comprehensive comparison showed that the hollow carbon microspheres fabricated at 280 ℃ with an APAM dosage of 100 mg delivered the best overall physicochemical properties：they possess favorable dispersibility and intact spherical structure，with a peak weight loss temperature reaching 400.45 ℃，demonstrating outstanding thermal stability.The cigarette application test results indicated that the as‐prepared hollow carbon microspheres fabricated at 280 °C with an APAM dosage of 100 mg achieved the optimal comprehensive application performance：they exhibited the most prominent tar adsorption effect with a decline of 39.74%；in terms of smoke draw resistance testing，the static draw resistance and axial mean value of dynamic draw resistance of cigarettes increased after adding the material，and the axial standard deviation of dynamic draw resistance was the best；in terms of sensory evaluation，the material significantly improved the uniformity of menthol release while reducing the transfer rate of menthol in the particulate phase of mainstream smoke，so that the aroma quality of the cigarettes before and after smoking was consistent，and the cigarette aroma was fuller and more complex.In summary，under the optimized conditions of temperature of 280 ℃ and APAM addition of 100 mg，the hollow carbon microspheres prepared by hydrothermal method have abundant functional groups，excellent thermal stability and good adsorption performance.Adding it to the cigarette filter can effectively reduce the content of harmful components in the smoke，thus providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the high value and multi‐purpose utilization of tobacco waste.

Key words: Waste tobacco powder, Hydrothermal method, Hollow carbon microsphere, Tar adsorption, Smoke hazard reduction