关键词: 雪茄烟叶, 生物炭, 施氮量, 品质, 茄衣产出率

Abstract: To identify optimal technical schemes for the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer in cigar‑tobacco production in Fujian Province，the cigar tobacco cultivar Haiyan 101 was used as the test material. A two‑factor split‑plot design was employed，with biochar rate as the main‑plot factor at three levels（B1：0 kg/ha；B2：2 250 kg/ha；B3：4 500 kg/ha）and nitrogen rate as the subplot factor at three levels（T1：142.5 kg/ha；T2：172.5 kg/ha；T3：202.5 kg/ha），resulting in nine treatments.Growth traits at maturity and the physical properties，chemical composition，and sensory quality of fermented leaves were determined to systematically evaluate the effects of biochar‑nitrogen interactions on cigar‑tobacco quality and wrapper‑leaf yield.The results showed that increasing biochar rates led to gradual increases in stem girth，internode length，and maximum leaf width，with the increasements of 2.83%—15.08%，4.60%—4.98%，and 6.75%—12.53%，respectively，whereas maximum leaf length decreased slightly by 5.26%—8.17%.Leaf width and thickness increased，while single‑leaf weight and tensile strength decreased. Chlorine and potassium contents increased by 16.20%—32.80% and 10.08%—14.60%，respectively.Total sugar and reducing sugar exhibited an increase‑decrease pattern；compared with B1 and B3，B2 increased total sugar by 101.33% and 33.63% and increased reducing sugar by 263.73% and 65.57%，respectively.With the increase of nitrogen rate，the number of effective leaves，plant height，stem girth，and maximum leaf width increased by 2.82%—8.20%，3.79%—4.82%，5.18%—6.14%，and 6.96%—9.40%，respectively.Leaf weight per unit area first increased and then decreased. Contents of nicotine，chlorine，total nitrogen，and protein increased by 5.74%—16.28%，10.09%—21.21%，6.76%—17.23%，and 14.63%—17.69%，respectively.Comprehensive evaluation based on principal component analysis and economic assessment indicated that B2T2 achieved the highest overall score（0.536），wrapper‑leaf yield（23.46%），and economic benefit（156 600 Yuan/ha）among all treatments.In conclusion，the combined application of 2 250 kg/ha biochar and 172.5 kg/ha nitrogen is favorable for improving cigar‑tobacco leaf quality and increasing wrapper‑leaf yield，and is therefore recommended for wider adoption in cigar‑tobacco‑growing areas of Fujian Province.

Key words: Cigar tobacco leaf, Biochar, Nitrogen application rate, Quality, Wrapper yield