河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 73-81.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.03.008

所属专题: 污染耕地作物品种筛选

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品种马铃薯块茎Cd 吸收特征及食用安全性评价

柴冠群1,周礼兴2,王丽1,刘桂华1,秦松1,曹艳2,范成五1   

  1. (1.贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006;2.毕节市七星关区农业农村局,贵州 毕节 551700)
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 范成五(1977-),男,贵州安顺人,研究员,本科,主要从事农业资源利用与环境研究。E-mail:18985581415@189.cn
  • 作者简介:柴冠群(1990-),男,山西临汾人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事农产品产地重金属污染防控研究。E-mail:chaiguanqun@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018 YFD 0800602)

The Cd Absorption Characteristics and Edible Safety Evaluation of Different Varieties of Potato Tubers

CHAI Guanqun1,ZHOU Lixing2,WANG Li1,LIU Guihua1,QIN Song1,CAO Yan2,FAN Chengwu1   

  1. (1.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China;2.Qixingguan Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Bijie city,Bijie 551700,China)
  • Received:2022-11-21 Published:2023-03-15 Online:2023-04-14

摘要: 在黔西北T、Y两地镉(Cd)污染耕地采用田间试验法,以黔西北主要种植的21个马铃薯品种为研究对象,分析品种与环境的作用效应,探讨不同品种马铃薯块茎Cd吸收特征及其食用安全性,为黔西北马铃薯的安全种植提供参考。结果表明,Y地不同品种马铃薯产量介于3 564.3~15 271.8 kg/hm2,均值为9 200.1 kg/hm2;T地不同品种马铃薯产量介于1 825.9~16 305.6 kg/hm2,均值为6 754.0 kg/hm2;T、Y两地均以转心乌块茎产量最高;品种、环境及品种与环境互作对马铃薯块茎产量均有极显著影响。Y地不同品种马铃薯块茎Cd含量介于0.061~0.153 mg/kg,均值为0.094 mg/kg;T地不同品种马铃薯块茎Cd含量介于0.055~0.111 mg/kg,均值为0.080 mg/kg;品种、环境及品种与环境互作对马铃薯块茎Cd含量均有极显著影响。Y、T两地参试的21个马铃薯品种块茎Cd超标率分别为38.09%、14.29%,两地青薯9号块茎Cd含量均最低。食用安全性评价显示,食用研究区超标马铃薯品种对人体健康风险较小,但结合块茎Cd含量,建议Cd超标马铃薯品种作为工业原料使用更安全。

关键词: 马铃薯, 镉, 品种, 食用安全性评价

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in Cd‑contaminated farmland in T and Y locations of northwest Guizhou. Twenty one common potato varieties in northwest Guizhou were used as research objects to analyze the effect of varieties and environment,and to explore the Cd absorption characteristics and edible safety of different varieties of potato tubers,in order to provide practical reference for the safe planting of potatoes in northwest Guizhou. The results showed that the yield of different potato varieties in Y location ranged from 3 564.3 kg/ha to 15 271.8 kg/ha,with an average of 9 200.1 kg/ha.The yield of different potato varieties in T location ranged from 1 825.9 kg/ha to 16 305.6 kg/ha,with an average of 6 754.0 kg/ha. Zhuanxinwu in T and Y locations had the highest potato tuber yield.Variety,environment and their interaction had significant effects on potato tuber yield.The Cd content in tubers of different potato varieties in Y location ranged from 0.061 to 0.153 mg/kg,with an average of 0.094 mg/kg.The Cd content in tubers of different potato varieties in T location ranged from 0.055 to 0.111 mg/kg,with an average of 0.080 mg/kg.Variety,environment and their interaction had significant effects on Cd content in potato tubers.The standard exceeding rates of Cd in 21 potato varieties tested in Y and T locations were 38.09% and 14.29%,respectively.The Cd content in tubers of Qingshu 9 was the lowest in both Y and T.The edible safety evaluation showed that eating Cd‑excessive potato varieties had less risk to human health,but considering the Cd content in tubers,it is suggested that the varieties of potato with excessive Cd content should be used as industrial raw materials more safely.

Key words: Potato, Cadmium, Variety, Edible safety evaluation

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