河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 95-102.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.04.011

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

防治马铃薯腐烂茎线虫病的植物源药剂筛选

彭静文1,赵远征2,王真3,王玉凤3,张妞1,王东1,周洪友1   

  1. (1.内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;3.乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古 乌兰察布 012000)
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-06 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 王东(1985-),男,河北张家口人,副教授,博士,主要从事植物线虫学研究。E-mail:wangdong19852008@163.com。周洪友同为通信作者
  • 作者简介:彭静文(1995-),女,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:植物线虫学。E-mail:1770764814@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0005);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0005);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020BS03034)

Screening of Botanical Pesticides for Controlling Ditylenchus destructor

PENG Jingwen1,ZHAO Yuanzheng2,WANG Zhen3,WANG Yufeng3,ZHANG Niu1,WANG Dong1,ZHOU Hongyou1   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;2.Institute of Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;3.Ulanqab Municipal Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Ulanqab 012000,China)
  • Received:2022-01-06 Published:2022-04-15 Online:2022-07-01

摘要: 为探究植物源农药对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的防治效果,采用直接触杀法,测定6种植物源农药对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的室内毒力并观测其行为形态变化,同时测定其对线虫体液渗透的影响,最终对效果最优的植物源农药进行防效验证。室内毒力测定结果表明,处理24 h后,5%香芹酚AS对马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的毒力最强,半数致死质量浓度(LC50)为39.542 mg/L。5%香芹酚AS及5%桉油精EC处理线虫后,线虫虫体僵直、死亡线虫虫体内出现泡状结构或空腔。此外,6种植物源农药在LC50条件下加剧了马铃薯腐烂茎线虫体液渗漏,且植物源药剂处理后的线虫悬浮液电导率明显高于无菌水对照,24 h时5%香芹酚AS处理线虫悬浮液电导率最高,为70.40 μS/cm。防效试验结果表明,5%香芹酚AS灌根处理后发病率和病情指数与清水对照差异显著,室内、田间防效分别达65.73%、53.55%。综上所述,5%香芹酚AS毒力较高、防治效果较好,可作为防治马铃薯腐烂茎线虫的推荐药剂应用于生产。

关键词: 植物源农药, 马铃薯腐烂茎线虫, 毒力测定, 体液渗漏, 防效

Abstract: To explore the control effect of botanical pesticides on Ditylenchus destructor,the indoor toxicity of six botanical pesticides was tested by the direct contact method,and their effects on morphology,behavior change and body fluid penetration of D.destructor were observed.The pesticide with the highest toxicity to D.destructor was selected for pot and field study.Indoor virulence assay showed that carvacrol 5% AS,with lethal concentration of 50%(LC50)of 39. 542 mg/L,had the strongest inhibitory activity to D.destructor in 24 h.After the treatment of nematodes with carvacrol 5% AS and eucalyptol 5% EC,the nematode body stiffened and the dead nematodes showed bubble structures or cavities.In addition,six botanical pesticides increased the fluid leakage of D.destructor under the condition of LC50,and the suspension conductivity of the carvacrol 5% AS treatment was the highest in 24 h,reaching 70.40 μS/cm.The control effect tests showed that carvacrol 5% AS had control effects of 65.73% indoors and 53.55% in fields,respectively. In conclusion,carvacrol 5% AS with higher inhibitory activity and control effect,can be used as a recommended agent for the control of D.destructor.

Key words: Botanical pesticide, Ditylenchus destructor, Toxicity determination, Fluid leakage, Control effect

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