河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 97-106.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.011

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

杀菌剂对燕麦炭疽病菌的毒力和田间防效

于世成1,修志君1,白松林1,班瑞娟1,徐林波2,王凤梧3,王千军3,李云霞4,张笑宇1   

  1. (1.内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020;2.中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;3.乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古 乌兰察布 012000;4.张家口市农业科学院,河北 张家口 075000)
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-03 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 张笑宇(1974-),女,内蒙古赤峰人,教授,博士,主要从事植物病害绿色防控研究。E-mail:zxy2000@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0141)

Evaluation of Toxicity and Field Control Effect of Different Fungicides against Oat Anthracnose

YU Shicheng1,XIU Zhijun1,BAI Songlin1,BAN Ruijuan1,XU Linbo2,WANG Fengwu3,WANG Qianjun3,LI Yunxia4,ZHANG Xiaoyu1   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010020,China;2.Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;3.Ulanqab Municipal Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Ulanqab 012000,China;4.Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)
  • Received:2023-04-03 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2024-01-05
  • About author:于世成(1996-),男,山东菏泽人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:植物病理学。E-mail:616139517@qq.com

摘要: 为防治燕麦炭疽病,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定12种杀菌剂对燕麦炭疽病菌的毒力并用拌种和叶面喷施的方法进行田间药效试验,结合经济效益分析,筛选出有效防治燕麦炭疽病的杀菌剂。结果表明,50%多菌灵WP对燕麦炭疽病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用最强,有效抑制中浓度(EC50)为0.093 mg/L,其次是430 g/L戊唑醇SC、10%苯醚甲环唑WG、450 g/L咪鲜胺EW和250 g/L嘧菌酯SC;对燕麦炭疽病菌孢子萌发抑制作用较强的是250 g/L嘧菌酯SC、50%多菌灵WP、19%啶氧·丙环唑ME、80%代森锰锌WP,EC50分别为0.123、0.451、0.490、0.562 mg/L。药剂拌种防治炭疽病效果最好的是430g/L戊唑醇SC、10%苯醚甲环唑WG、450 g/L咪鲜胺EW,防效分别为38.69%、36.90%和35.23%;叶面喷施防治炭疽病效果较好的药剂为450 g/L咪鲜胺EW和43%戊唑醇SC,田间防效最大分别为76.79%和65.66%,其次是10%苯醚甲环唑WG。杀菌剂叶面喷施处理的防效高于拌种处理的防效。叶面喷施戊唑醇、咪鲜胺净收益最好,分别为1 270.40~1 530.03元/hm2、1 066.99~1 413.71元/hm2。可见,燕麦孕穗期用戊唑醇、咪鲜胺喷施叶面,对于防治燕麦炭疽病具有良好的效果和较大的收益。

关键词: 燕麦炭疽病, 禾谷炭疽菌, 杀菌剂, 毒力, 防效

Abstract: In order to control oat anthracnose,the toxicity of 12 fungicides to the pathogen of Colletotrichum cereale was determined by the methods of mycelium growth and spore germination,and control efficacy was tested by seed dressing and leaf spraying in fields.Combined with economic benefit analysis,effective fungicides would be selected to prevent and control oat anthracnose.The study found that carbendazim 50% WP had the strongest inhibitory effect on the mycelium growth of C.cereale with EC50 of 0.093 mg/L.The followed were tebuconazole 43% SC,difenoconazole 10% WG,prochloraz 45% EW and azoxystrobin 25% SC.Azoxystrobin 25% SC,carbendazim 50% WP,picoxystrobin‐propi 19% ME and mancozeb 80% WP had a stronger inhibitory effect on spore germination of C.cereale.The EC50 values were 0.123,0.451,0.490 mg/L and 0.562 mg/L,respectively.The better fungicides by seed dressing were tebuconazole 43% SC,difenoconazole 10% WG,prochloraz 45% EW,with a preventive effect of 38.69%,36.90% and 35.23% respectively.The better fungicides by folial spraying were prochloraz 45% EW and tebuconazole 43% SC with the highest control effects of 76.79% and 65.66% respectively,the second was difenoconazole 10% WG.The effect of fungicides leaf spraying was higher than that of dressing seeds. The net benefits of spraying tebuconazole and prochloraz on the leaves were the best,with 1 270.40—1 530.03 yuan/ha and 1 066.99—1 413.71 yuan/ha,respectively.The results show that spraying tebuconazole and prochloraz on the leaves at booting stage has good effects and significant benefits for the control of oat anthracnose.

Key words: Oat anthracnose, Colletotrichum cereale, Fungicide, Toxicity, Control effect

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