河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 95-102.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.03.009

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

棘孢木霉PT-29 与枯草芽孢杆菌S-16 共培养对马铃薯枯萎病的防控作用

张尹强1,2,郝建秀1,2,赵远征2,3,王东1,2,周洪友   

  1. (1.内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018;2.生物农药创制与资源利用自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018;3.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031)
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-11 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 王东(1985-),男,河北张家口人,副教授,博士,主要从事植物病害生物防治相关研究。E-mail:wangdong@imau.edu.cn 周洪友(1968-),男,内蒙古兴安盟人,教授,博士,主要从事有害生物综合防治相关研究。E-mail:hongyouzhou2002@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:张尹强(1997-),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:有害生物综合防治。E-mail:yq050906@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR22-11-14);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0111);内蒙古自治
    区重点研发项目(2022YFHH0036)

Study on the Control Effect of Potato Fusarium Wilt by Co‐culture of Trichoderma asperellum PT‐29 and Bacillus subtilis S‐16

ZHANG Yinqiang1,2,HAO Jianxiu1,2,ZHAO Yuanzheng2,3,WANG Dong1,2,ZHOU Hongyou1   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;2.Key Laboratory of Biopesticide Creation and Resource Utilization of Autonomous Region Colleges and Universities,Hohhot 010018,China;3.Institute of Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)
  • Received:2023-04-11 Published:2024-03-15 Online:2024-04-19

摘要: 马铃薯枯萎病是一种土传真菌病害,可对马铃薯整个生育期造成严重危害,在全国主要马铃薯产区都有不同程度的发生。为减少化学药剂防治马铃薯枯萎病带来的弊端,提高生防菌剂效果,研究了棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum)PT-29 与枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)S-16对马铃薯枯萎病主要致病菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)的抑菌效果,并通过盆栽试验测定了2株菌共培养发酵液对马铃薯枯萎病的防治效果及对马铃薯相关防御酶活性的影响。结果表明,2株菌单培养和3种比例共培养发酵液对尖孢镰刀菌均有抑制效果且以PT-29与S-16共培养发酵液组合B1T1(比例为1∶1)抑制效果最佳;单培养S-16的发酵液(B)处理对马铃薯枯萎病的防效为60.09%,单培养PT-29的发酵液(T)处理对马铃薯枯萎病的防效为54.85%,B1T1处理对马铃薯枯萎病的防效达到73.44%。此外,B1T1+FO(接种尖孢镰刀菌)处理的马铃薯叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性明显高于FO 处理,峰值相比于FO 处理分别提高56.44%、766.89%、111.84%、179.34%。综上所述,PT-29与S-16共培养发酵液对马铃薯枯萎病的防治效果高于单培养发酵液,为复合微生物防治马铃薯枯萎病提供了理论支持。

关键词: 马铃薯枯萎病, 棘孢木霉, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 防治效果, 防御酶

Abstract: Potato Fusarium wilt,a soil borne fungal disease,causes serious harm during the entire growth period of potato,and occurs in varying degrees in major potato producing areas throughout the country.In order to reduce the use of chemical pesticides,the inhibition effects of Trichoderma asperellum PT‐29 and Bacillus subtilis S‐16 on Fusarium oxysporum,the main pathogenic fungus of potato wilt disease were studied.Furthermore,the control effects of co‐culture fermentation broth of two strains on potato wilt and related defense enzyme activities of potato were tested by pot experiment.The results indicated that two strains and three proportional co‐culture broth all showed inhibition effect on Fusarium oxysporum,and the combination of PT‐29 and S‐16 co‐culture broth(B1T1,ratio 1∶1)showed the best inhibition effect.In addition,the control effect of B treatment(fermentation broth of S‐16 single‐culture)on potato wilt was 60.09%,T(fermentation broth of PT‐29 single‐culture)was 54.85% ,but B1T1 was up to 73.44%.Under pathogen stress,the activities of catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and phenylalanine ammonlyase(PAL)in potato leaves treated with B1T1+ FO(inoculateing Fusarium oxysporum)treatment,were significantly higher than FO treatment,and the peak values were increased by 56.44%,766.89%,111.84%,179.34% respectively compared with the FO treatment. Overall,the control effect of co‐culture fermentation broth combination B1T1 on potato wilt is higher than that of single‐culture fermentation broth,which provides theoretical support for controlling potato wilt with composite microorganisms.

Key words: Potato Fusarium wilt, Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus subtilis, Control efficiency, Defense enzyme

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