河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 53-61.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.05.006

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚谷氨酸增效肥料对贵州黄壤区露天茄子生物效应及肥料利用率的影响

魏全全1,张萌1,芶久兰1,胡华群2,何池3,卢宗云4,刘藜1   

  1. (1.贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006;2.息烽县农业农村局,贵州 息烽 551100;3.贵州天宝丰原生态农业科技有限公司,贵州 修文 550200;4.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016)
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-12 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 张萌(1989-),男,山东潍坊人,副研究员,主要从事作物养分管理与现代施肥技术研究。E-mail:zhangmeng1105@163.com
  • 作者简介:魏全全(1987-),男,山东济宁人,助理研究员,主要从事作物栽培及植物营养研究。E-mail:weiquan0725@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31860594);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y087号);贵州省科技成果应用及产业化计划项目(黔科合成果[2018]4309号)

Effect of Polyglutamic Acid‑Enhanced Fertilizer on the Biological Effect and Fertilizer Utilization of Open‑Air Eggplant in Yellow Soil Area of Guizhou

WEI Quanquan1,ZHANG Meng1,GOU Jiulan1,HU Huaqun2,HE Chi3,LU Zongyun4,LIU Li1   

  1. (1.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;2.Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Xifeng,Xifeng 551100,China;3.Guizhou Tianbao Fengyuan Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.Ltd.,Xiuwen 550200,China;4.Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)
  • Received:2021-11-12 Published:2022-05-15 Online:2022-07-15

摘要: 为给聚谷氨酸增效肥料(PAF)在茄子上的科学施用和推广应用提供理论依据,采用田间试验,设置不同处理[不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(FP)、聚谷氨酸增效肥料1 875 kg/hm2(PAF1)、聚谷氨酸增效肥料2 250 kg/hm2(PAF2)、聚谷氨酸增效肥料2 625 kg/hm2(PAF3)、聚谷氨酸增效肥料3 000 kg/hm2(PAF4)],研究不同PAF施用量对贵州露天茄子产量、品质、养分积累、肥料利用率和经济效益的影响。结果表明,与FP处理相比,施用聚谷氨酸增效肥料可以使露天茄子产量显著提高3.65%~13.76%,以PAF2处理产量最高;施用聚谷氨酸增效肥料使茄子果实中的硝酸盐含量降低了12.37%~14.88%,维生素C和可溶性糖含量则分别显著提高了13.97%~22.52%和7.77%~13.57%;施用聚谷氨酸增效肥料能够显著提高养分积累量和肥料利用率,其中以PAF2处理的氮、磷、钾肥料表观利用率最高,分别为29.35%、19.00%、34.22%;施用聚谷氨酸增效肥料处理的茄子产值和纯收入分别提高了3.65%~13.76%和2.46%~12.09%,均以PAF2处理的效果最佳。综合来看,聚谷氨酸增效肥料能够实现茄子增产提质、肥料增效和效益增收,推荐2 250 kg/hm2作为贵州黄壤区露天茄子栽培种植的最适施用量。

关键词: 聚谷氨酸增效肥料, 茄子, 产量, 品质, 肥料利用率, 经济效益

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization treatments[CK:No fertilizer;FP:Farmers practice;PAF1:Polyglutamic acid‑enhanced fertilizer of 1 875 kg/ha;PAF2:Polyglutamic acid‑enhanced fertilizer of 2 250 kg/ha;PAF3:Polyglutamic acid‑enhanced fertilizer of 2 625 kg/ha ;PAF4:Polyglutamic acid‑enhanced fertilizer of 3 000 kg/ha]on the yield,quality,nutrient accumulation,fertilizer utilization rate and economic benefits of open‑air eggplant in Guizhou,so as to provide theoretical basis for the scientific application and popularization of polyglutamic acid‑enhanced fertilizer in eggplant production.The results showed that the application of PAF significantly increased the yield of eggplant by 3.65%—13.76% compared to the FP treatment,with the highest yield in the PAF2 treatment.Application of PAF reduced nitrate content in eggplant fruit by 12.37%—14.88%,while vitamin C and soluble sugar content significantly increased by 13.97%—22.52% and 7.77%—13.57%,respectively.Compared with the FP treatment,the application of PAF could significantly improve the nutrient accumulation and fertilizer utilization rate,and the apparent utilization rates of N,P and K fertilizer in PAF2 treatment were 29.35%,19.00% and 34.22%,respectively,higher than other treatments.In addition,the output value and net income of eggplant increased by 3.65%—13.76% and 2.46%—12.09%,with the best results in PAF2 treatment.In summary,PAF can increase the yield,quality,fertilizer efficiency and benefit of open‑air eggplant,2 250 kg/ha is recommended as the optimum application rate for open‑air eggplant cultivation in the yellow soil area of Guizhou.

Key words: Polyglutamic acid?enhanced fertilizer, Eggplant, Yield, Quality, Fertilizer utilization rate, Economic benefit

中图分类号: