河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 28-36.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.02.003

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面喷施镁对紫米产质量、花青素及代谢物含量的影响

杜雪丽1,柯璐瑶2,柳展3,代明珠3,周宇3,李剑兴3,徐玖亮2   

  1. (1. 云南大学农学院,云南 昆明 650500;2. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100080;3. 勐海曼香云天农业发展有限公司,云南 勐海 666200)
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-26 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 徐玖亮(1988-),男,北京人,副教授,博士,主要从事食品科学研究。E-mail:jlxu9@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杜雪丽(1997-),女,四川广元人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:稻米品质。E-mail:2274934312@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南现代农业绿色关键技术创新与平台建设项目(202102AE090053);国家自然科学基金项目(31902121)

Effects of Foliar Magnesium on Yield,Quality and Contents of Anthocyanin and Metabolites of Purple Rice

DU Xueli1,KE Luyao2,LIU Zhan3,DAI Mingzhu3,ZHOU Yu3,LI Jianxing3,XU Jiuliang2   

  1. (1. School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;2. College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100080,China;3. Menghai Manxiangyuntian Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Menghai 666200,China)
  • Received:2023-10-26 Published:2024-02-15 Online:2024-03-19

摘要: 以紫米滇香紫1号为材料,在抽穗期和灌浆期分别叶面喷施蒸馏水(CK)、2% MgO(MgⅠ)、3%MgO(MgⅡ),分析不同处理紫米产量、品质、花青素含量及差异代谢物,初步剖析镁影响花青素含量的机制,以期为优化紫米栽培措施提供科学支撑。结果表明,叶面喷施镁能显著提高紫米结实率、千粒质量、产量、整精米率及花青素矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量。与CK 相比,MgⅠ、MgⅡ处理紫米产量分别提高了10.0%和15.8%,整精米率分别提高了6.9%和5.2%,矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量分别增加了28.9%和23.5%,芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量分别增加了28.5%和27.6%。在紫米中鉴定到182个代谢物,MgⅠ、MgⅡ处理共有42个代谢物含量发生显著变化,包括有机酸15个、苯型烃类3个、氨基酸类4个、脂类3个、核苷酸类3个、有机杂环类7个和其他代谢物7个,其中,MgⅠ、MgⅡ处理分别有25、16个代谢物含量显著提高;MgⅠ、MgⅡ处理显著影响氨基酸和核苷酸类代谢通路,并提高了花青素合成前体苯丙氨酸的含量。但增加喷镁量对紫米产量、品质均无显著影响。综上所述,推荐在抽穗期和灌浆期叶面喷施2% MgO,既能够显著提高紫米的产量、品质,又能提高花青素含量。

关键词: 紫米, 镁, 产量, 品质, 花青素, 差异代谢物

Abstract: The purple rice variety Dianxiangzi 1 was used as the material,the different foliar magnesium(Mg)rates[0(CK),2% MgO(MgⅠ)and 3% MgO(MgⅡ)]were set up at heading and filling stages,and the purple rice yield,quality,anthocyanin content and differential metabolites were studied under different treatments. The mechanism of Mg affecting anthocyanin content was preliminarily analyzed to provide scientific support for optimizing purple rice cultivation measures. The results showed that foliar Mg could significantly improve the setting rate,1 000⁃grain weight,yield,head rice rate and the contents of cyanidin⁃3⁃O⁃glucoside and paeoniin⁃3⁃O⁃glucoside of purple rice. Compared with CK,purple rice yields of MgⅠ and MgⅡ treatments increased by 10.0% and 15.8%,head rice rates increased by 6.9% and 5.2%,contents of cyanidin⁃3⁃O⁃glucoside increased by 28.9% and 23.5%,and contents of cyanidin⁃3⁃O⁃glucoside increased by 28.5% and 27.6%,respectively. A total of 182 metabolites were detected,and a total of 42 metabolites showed significant change in content under Mg Ⅰ and Mg Ⅱ treatments. These differential metabolites included 15 organic acids,3 benzenoids,4 amino acids,3 lipids,3 nucleotides,7 organic acids and 7 other metabolites.The contents of 25 and 16 metabolites of MgⅠ and Mg Ⅱ treatments significantly increased respectively. Mg Ⅰ and Mg Ⅱ treatments significantly affected amino acid and nucleotide metabolic pathways and increased the content of phenylalanine,the precursor of anthocyanin synthesis. However,the increase of Mg rate had no significant effect on the yield and quality of purple rice. In conclusion,foliar spray of 2% MgO is recommended at heading stage and filling stage,which can significantly improve the yield,quality and anthocyanin content of purple rice.

Key words: Purple rice, Magnesium, Yield, Quality, Anthocyanin, Differential metabolite

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