河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 53-67.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.03.005

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

海拔高度对烟叶生长代谢及烤后品质的影响

宋绍森1,杨杰2,段旺军2,陈思昂2,王卫民3,张力3,许嘉阳1,4,韩丹1,许自成1,贾玮1
  

  1. (1.河南农业大学烟草学院,河南 郑州 450046;2.四川中烟工业有限责任公司,四川 成都 610011;3.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,浙江 杭州 310009;4.河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南 郑州 450046)
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-11 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 贾玮(1992-),女,河南漯河人,副教授,博士,主要从事烟草品质生态研究。E-mail:jiawei@henau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:宋绍森(1998-),男,河南兰考人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草品质生态。E-mail:809404878@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川中烟工业有限责任公司项目(2020510000340393)

Effect of Altitude on Growth and Metabolism of Tobacco Leaves and Flue‐cured Tobacco Quality

SONG Shaosen1,YANG Jie2,DUAN Wangjun2,CHEN Siang2,WANG Weimin3,ZHANG Li3,XU Jiayang1,4,HAN Dan1,XU Zicheng1,JIA Wei1   

  1. (1.Tobacco College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;2.China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co. ,
    Ltd.,Chengdu 610011,China;3.China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310009,China;4.Resources
    and Environment College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
  • Received:2023-04-11 Published:2024-03-15 Online:2024-04-18

摘要: 为明确四川凉山烟区不同海拔高度对烟叶生长以及烤后品质的影响,以烤烟品种YKS-9为供试品种,在四川凉山1 800、2 000、2 200 m三种海拔高度处进行试验,研究海拔高度对YKS-9农艺性状、烤后烟叶品质、鲜烟叶超微结构和叶片代谢的影响。结果表明,海拔2 000 m高度处的烟株农艺性状及烤后烟叶品质较好,2 200 m高度处农艺性状及烤后烟叶品质最差;随着海拔升高,烟叶细胞内液泡体积增大,细胞内产生更多、更小的线粒体,且叶绿体内淀粉粒数目增多、体积增大,但叶绿体片层数和垛叠程度减少。代谢组学分析结果显示,3个处理组间共筛选出102种显著差异代谢物,其中多数糖类(D-半乳糖酸、D-甘露糖、D-阿洛糖、D-塔格糖)、部分氨基酸类(L-天门冬氨酸、L-瓜氨酸、L-苏氨酸、D-脯氨酸、2,3-二羟基-3-甲基丁酸、丙氨酸)、莽草酸代谢相关物质(L-苯丙氨酸、莽草酸、奎尼酸)相对含量均随海拔升高呈现先升后降趋势;而嘌呤代谢物质(鸟苷、腺嘌呤)以及苯丙烷代谢相关物质(山奈酚、芸香苷、绿原酸)相对含量随海拔升高急剧上升。整体而言,在四川凉山烟区海拔2 000 m处种植烤烟最为适宜,1 800 m处次之,2 200 m处较差。

关键词: 烤烟, 烟叶, 海拔, 农艺性状, 品质, 超微结构, 代谢组学

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of altitude on tobacco growth and quality,YKS‐9 was served as the experimental variety and three altitudes of 1 800,2 000 and 2 200 m were selected to carry the field experiment in Liangshan,Sichuan Province.Agronomic traits,leaf ultrastructure,metabolism and tobacco leaf quality were determined in this study.The results showed that the agronomic traits and tobacco quality under 2 000 m altitude reached the optimum,but got the worst under 2 200 m altitude.As elevation increased,the volume of vacuole was increased,more and smaller mitochondria were produced and the number and volume of starch granules were increased in tobacco leaves.However,the number of chloroplast lamella and stacking degree were decreased in tobacco leaves. In addition,Metabolomics analysis results showed that 102 differential metabolites of tobacco leaves among three altitudes were identified. From the metabonomics analysis,carbohydrates(D‐galactonate,D‐mannose,D‐alose,D‐tagose),amino acids(L‐aspartate,L‐citrulline,L‐threonate,D‐proline,2,3‐dihydroxy‐3‐methylbutyric acid,alanine),and substances related to shikimate metabolism(L‐phenylalanine,shikimate,quinate)contents were increased at first and then decreased with the elevated altitude.Nevertheless,purine metabolites(guanosine,adenine),and metabolites related to phenylpropane metabolism(kaempferol,rutin,chlorogenic acid)were increased sharply with the increase of altitude.Therefore,2 000 m would be the optimum altitude for tobacco growth and quality in Liangshan area,Sichuan Province,followed by
1 800 m and 2 200 m.

Key words: Flue‐cured tobacco, Tobacco leaf, Altitude, Agronomic traits, Quality, Ultrastructure, Metabolomics

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