河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 91-101.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.09.009

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬季覆盖对幼龄柑橘园土壤化学性质及酶活性的影响

余高1,2,陈芬1,田霞1,卢心1,滕明欢1,谢婉莹1
  

  1. (1.铜仁学院贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,贵州 铜仁 554300;2.贵州精源科技有限公司,贵州 铜仁 554100)
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-09 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 陈芬(1987-),女,山西运城人,教授,博士,主要从事土壤改良研究。E-mail:chenfen2018@126.com
  • 作者简介:余高(1988-),男,湖南益阳人,副教授,硕士,主要从事土壤改良与修复研究。E-mail:httywwwyu1014@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室项目(黔科合平台人才【2020】2003);贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目(黔教合KY字【2022】067号);铜仁市科技支撑计划项目(铜市科研【2020】81号);铜仁学院硕士点及学科建设研究项目(Trxyxwdxm-036);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110665005,202210665034);贵州省省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310665032)

Effects of Winter Mulching on Soil Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities in Young Citrus Orchards

YU Gao1,2,CHEN Fen1,TIAN Xia1,LU Xin1,TENG Minghuan1,XIE Wanying1   

  1. (1.Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region,Tongren University,Tongren 554300,China;2.Guizhou Jingyuan Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tongren 554100,China)
  • Received:2023-01-09 Published:2023-09-15 Online:2023-10-11

摘要: 为明确冬季不同覆盖模式对幼龄柑橘园土壤化学性质及酶活性的影响,于2020年11月—2021年10月在树龄3 a的柑橘园设置玉米秸秆覆盖(JGF)、白色地膜覆盖(BMF)、黑色地膜覆盖(HMF)、园艺地布覆盖(YDF)4种覆盖模式,以不覆盖为对照(CK),测定柑橘春梢期、夏梢期和秋梢期土壤pH值、有机质含量、速效养分含量及土壤酶活性变化,并进行相关性分析。结果表明,与CK相比,4种覆盖模式均有效提高了柑橘各生育时期土壤有机质、速效养分含量和土壤酶活性。土壤有机质含量除JGF模式呈先减后增趋势外,其他模式均呈逐渐下降的趋势,其中JGF模式在秋梢期较其他3个覆盖模式显著提高18.87%~30.03%。土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量在柑橘生育期均呈不断下降的趋势,土壤速效钾含量除CK不断下降外,其他覆盖模式均呈先降后增的趋势。土壤过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性在柑橘生育期呈先降低后增加的趋势,土壤蔗糖酶活性则呈现先升高后下降的趋势,但不同覆盖模式土壤pH值和酸性磷酸酶活性的变化略有不同。冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)结果表明,不同覆盖模式柑橘园土壤化学性质因子对土壤酶活性的影响均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其重要性排序依次为速效钾含量>碱解氮含量>有效磷含量>pH值>有机质含量。比较4种冬季覆盖模式,其中玉米秸秆覆盖模式可显著提高土壤有机质含量,改善土壤养分条件,刺激土壤酶活性,因此可优先作为黄壤土幼龄柑橘园冬季覆盖材料使用。

关键词: 柑橘园, 覆盖, 土壤酶活性, 土壤有机质, 冗余分析, 环境因子

Abstract: The effects of different mulching modes on soil chemical properties and enzyme activity in young citrus orchards in winter were studied. From November 2020 to October 2022,four mulching modes including corn straw mulching(JGF),white film mulching(BMF),black film mulching(HMF),and gardening cloth film mulching(YDF)were set up in citrus orchards with three years of tree age,with no mulching(CK)as the control.The soil pH value,organic matter content,available nutrient content,and soil enzyme activity were measured in spring,summer,and autumn shoot stages of citrus,and the correlation analysis was conducted.The results showed that compared with CK,the four mulching modes effectively improved the soil organic matter,available nutrient content and soil enzyme activity in each growth stage of citrus.The soil organic matter content showed a gradual downward trend,except that the JGF model showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.Among them,the JGF model significantly increased by 18.87%—30.03% compared with the other three mulching modes in the autumn shoot stage.The contents of soil alkali‑hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil showed a decreasing trend during the growth period.Except for CK mode,the content of soil available potassium decreased firstly and then increased.The activities of soil catalase and urease decreased firstly and then increased.The soil invertase activity increased firstly and then decreased.The changes of soil pH value and acid phosphatase activity were slightly different under different mulching patterns.Redundancy analysis showed that the effects of soil chemical properties on soil enzyme activities under different mulching patterns were extremely significant(P<0.01).The order of importance was:available potassium content>alkali‑hydrolyzed nitrogen content>available phosphorus content>pH value>organic matter content.Compared with the other three kinds of thermal covering materials in winter,JGF model can significantly increase the content of soil organic matter,improve soil nutrient conditions,stimulate soil enzyme activity,so corn straw can be preferentially used as thermal covering materials for young citrus orchards in yellow soil in winter.

Key words: Citrus orchard, Cover, Soil enzyme activity, Soil organic matter, RDA analysis, Environmental factor

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