关键词: 白术, 连作, 土壤改良剂, 生石灰, 腐植酸颗粒肥, 产量, 药材质量, 病害, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: In order to screen soil amendments that effectively alleviate the obstacle of Atractylodes macrocephala continuous cropping, quicklime (A) and humic acid granule fertilizer (B) were used as soil amendment and three levels were set respectively.A two-factor random block design was used,and the treatment without soil amendment(A1 B1 treatment) was used as the control,to study the effects of soil amendments on the quality,yield,disease and soil enzyme activity of Atractylodes macrocephala.The results showed that the application of soil amendment could effectively reduce the southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala,and improve the seedling rate,yield and quality of Atractylodes macrocephala.Soil amendment could increase soil S-ACP activity,and it had regulation effect on soil S-UE,S-PPO and S-SC activities.The results of correlation analysis showed that the higher activities of S-UEand S-PPO in soil were not conducive to the formation of quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.The higher the activity of S-ACP in soil,the more beneficial to reduce the incidence of Atractylodes macrocephala disease,to improve the seedling rate of Atractylodes macrocephala,and to form the quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.At 60—150 days after transplant,the change of the incidence of southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala in A2 B2 treatment(quicklime 300 kg/ha,humic acid granule fertilizer 300 kg/ha) was more stable than other treatments. At 150 days after transplant,the incidences of southern blight and root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala were 61.97% and 91.67% lower than that of A1 B1 treatment,respectively.The average value of soil S-UE activity was the lowest,and the average value of soil S-ACP activity,the seedling rate of Atractylodes macrocephala,the content of leaching substance and yield were the highest.The yield increased by 361.33% compared with A1 B1 treatment.In summary,adding quicklime(300 kg/ha) and humic acid granule fertilizer(300 kg/ha) in the soil of continuous planting of Atractylodes macrocephala for one year can effectively regulate the soil enzyme activity,reduce the incidence of disease of Atractylodes macrocephala,and improve the seedling rate,quality and yield of Atractylodes macrocephala.

Key words: Atractylodes macrocephala, Continuous cropping, Soil amendment, Quicklime, Humic acid granule fertilizer, Yield, Medicinal material quality, Disease, Soil enzyme activity