河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 88-98.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.009

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑胫病不同抗性烤烟品种对哈茨木霉的生理响应

殷全玉1,匡志豪1,王景1,任天宝1,张松涛1,姬小明1,刘国顺1,穆耀辉2   

  1. (1.河南农业大学烟草学院,河南 郑州 450002;2.陕西省烟草公司商洛市公司,陕西 商洛 726000)
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-29 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-11-17
  • 通讯作者: 穆耀辉(1970-),男,陕西商洛人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟叶生产管理技术研究。E-mail:468055622@qq.com。刘国顺同为通信作者
  • 作者简介:殷全玉(1975-),女,河南固始人,副教授,博士,主要从事烟草栽培和生理研究。E-mail:quanyuy@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司陕西省公司科技项目(2021611000270042)

Physiological Responses of Different Black Shank⁃Resistance Flue⁃cured Tobacco Varieties to Trichoderma harzianum

YIN Quanyu1,KUANG Zhihao1,WANG Jing1,REN Tianbao1,ZHANG Songtao1,JI Xiaoming1,LIU Guoshun1,MU Yaohui2   

  1. (1.College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Shangluo City Branch of Shaanxi Tobacco Company,Shangluo 726000,China)
  • Received:2022-04-29 Published:2022-09-15 Online:2022-11-17

摘要: 在温室盆栽条件下,以黑胫病高抗品种G28、中抗品种K326和高感品种净叶黄3个烤烟品种为材料,探究哈茨木霉对不同品种烤烟植物学性状、生理特性、烟草黑胫病防治效果以及防御性酶活性的影响,以期明确哈茨木霉与烤烟品种的互作效应,为烟叶绿色生产提供理论依据。结果表明,哈茨木霉能有效促进烟株生长和生物量积累,且接种哈茨木霉对烟株叶面积的促进效果大于对株高和茎围的促进效果。与CK(清水处理)相比,接种哈茨木霉后3个品种以K326株高、茎围、叶面积、总根长、根体积以及地上部和地下部鲜质量提高幅度最大,增幅分别为54.21%、32.83%、67.42%、43.21%、119.79%、82.12%和84.16%。接种哈茨木霉后,各烤烟品种叶绿素含量、根系活力和硝酸还原酶活性随移栽后时间延长先升高后达到稳定,其中K326略高于G28和净叶黄,移栽后28 d K326叶绿素含量、根系活力和硝酸还原酶活性较CK分别升高21.45%、11.81%和29.83%。接种哈茨木霉对G28、K326、净叶黄烟草黑胫病的防治效果分别达84.09%、75.94%、67.75%,烟株根系防御性酶POD(过氧化物酶)、PPO(多酚氧化酶)、PAL(苯丙氨酸解氨酶)和CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性大幅升高,接种后各烤烟品种防御性酶活性和防治效果表现与烟草自身抗性呈正相关,表现为黑胫病高抗品种G28>中抗品种K326>高感品种净叶黄。综上可知,哈茨木霉通过提高烟株生理指标促进烟株生长及生物量积累,并在烟草疫霉胁迫下诱导烟草防御性酶活性升高,增强烟株对烟草黑胫病的抗性。

关键词: 哈茨木霉, 烤烟, 生物学性状, 生理特性, 防御性酶, 烟草黑胫病

Abstract: Under greenhouse potting conditions,three varieties of roasted tobacco,G28,K326 and Jingyehuang,with high resistance,medium resistance and high susceptibility to tobacco black shank respectively,were used as materials to investigate the effects of Trichoderma harzianum on botanical traits,physiological characteristics,tobacco black shank control and defensive enzyme activities of different varieties of roasted tobacco,in order to clarify the interaction effect between Trichoderma harzianum and roasted tobacco varieties and provide theoretical basis for green tobacco production. The results showed that Trichoderma harzianum could effectively promote the growth and biomass accumulation of tobacco plants,and the promotion effect of Trichoderma harzianum inoculation on leaf area of tobacco plants was greater than that on plant height and stem circumference. Compared with CK(clear water treatment),plant height,stem circumference,leaf area,total root length,root volume,and above⁃ground and below⁃ground fresh mass of K326 increased the most after inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum,with increase rate of 54.21%,32.83%,67.42%,43.21%,119.79%,82.12%,and 84.16%,respectively.The chlorophyll content,root vigor and nitrate reductase activity of each tobacco variety increased and then stabilized with time after transplanting,among which K326 was slightly higher than G28 and Jingyehuang,and chlorophyll content,root vigor and nitrate reductase activity of K326 increased by 21.45%,11.81% and 29.83%,respectively,compared with CK at 28 days after transplanting.The control effect of inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum on tobacco black shank in G28,K326 and Jingyehuang reached 84.09%,75.94% and 67.75%,respectively.The activities of defensive enzymes POD(peroxidase),PPO(polyphenol oxidase),PAL(phenylalanine ammonia lyase)and CAT(catalase)in the root system of tobacco plants increased significantly after inoculation,and the
performance of defensive enzyme activity and control effect of each tobacco variety after inoculation was positively correlated with the resistance of tobacco itself,which showed the highly resistant variety G28 >medium resistant variety K326 > highly susceptible variety Jingyehuang. In summary,Trichoderma harzianum promoted plant growth and biomass accumulation by improving the physiological indicators of tobacco plants,and induced the increase of tobacco defensive enzyme activity under the stress of Phytophthora nicotianae to enhance the resistance of tobacco plants to tobacco black shank.

Key words: Trichoderma harzianum, Flue?cured tobacco, Biological traits, Physiological characteristics, Defensive enzyme, Tobacco black shank

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