河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 35-45.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.004

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤质地和氯含量对烤烟叶片区位化学成分的影响

王东旭1,武云杰1,曾超2,赵明阳2,余海涛3,周军3,薛子钟2,刘流4,叶协锋1,张锦韬3
  

  1. (1.河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002;2.南阳市烟草公司邓州市分公司,河南邓州474150;3. 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南 长沙 410007;4.河南省烟草公司南阳市公司,河南 南阳 473000)
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-07 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-11-17
  • 通讯作者: 叶协锋(1979-),男,河南郏县人,教授,博士,主要从事烟草栽培生理和土壤健康研究。E-mail:yexiefeng@163.com。张锦韬同为通信作者
  • 作者简介:王东旭(1997-),男,河南安阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草栽培生理。E-mail:625351344@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南中烟工业有限责任公司烟草农业示范与推广科技项目(202043000934096)

Effects of Soil Texture and Chlorine Content on Location Chemical Composition of Flue⁃cured Tobacco Leaves

WANG Dongxu1,WU Yunjie1,ZENG Chao2,ZHAO Mingyang2,YU Haitao3,ZHOU Jun3,XUE Zizhong2,LIU Liu4,YE Xiefeng1,ZHANG Jintao3   

  1. (1.College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Dengzhou Branch of Nanyang City Tobacco Company,Dengzhou 474150,China;3.China Tobacco Hunan Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China;4.Nanyang Prefecture Branch of Henan Tobacco Company,Nanyang 473000,China)
  • Received:2022-05-07 Published:2022-09-15 Online:2022-11-17

摘要: 在河南烟区,选取砂壤土和黏土2种主要土壤质地,使植烟土壤0~20 cm氯含量分别达到30、45、60 mg/kg,同时在砂壤质地中增设氯含量15 mg/kg处理,分别取烤后X2F、C3F和B2F烟叶将其划分为15个区位,测定不同区位的常规化学成分,研究河南烟区砂壤土和黏土2种质地土壤在不同氯含量条件下烤烟叶片化学成分及协调性的区位间差异,为高氯烟区优化种植布局和工业企业精准使用烟叶原料、提高烟叶原料配方的适配性提供参考。结果表明,烟叶氯、钾含量在叶片区位间的分布规律一致,均表现为叶基>近基>叶中>近尖>叶尖、近主>近中>近缘,烟碱含量在叶片区位上的分布规律与氯、钾含量相反,糖碱比在叶片横向区位带间表现为近主>近中>近缘。施氯能够促进烟叶钾、氯和烟碱的积累,降低还原糖和总糖的积累。砂壤质地烤烟各部位和叶片不同区位氯、钾、烟碱含量整体低于黏土质地,烟叶还原糖含量、总糖含量、钾氯比和糖碱比高于黏土质地。同等水平土壤氯含量下,砂壤质地的烟叶对氯的积累低于黏土质地。因此,叶基带区域具有氯含量偏高、钾氯比偏低的特点,在复烤加工时可将叶基区域和其他区域分别处理。

关键词: 烤烟, 烟叶区位, 化学成分, 土壤质地, 土壤氯含量

Abstract: In the tobacco⁃growing area of Henan Province,two main soil textures,sandy loam and clay,were selected to make the chlorine content of 0—20 cm soil for tobacco planting reach 30,45,and 60 mg/kg,respectively.At the same time,a chlorine content of 15 mg/kg treatment was added to the sandy loam.The X2F,C3F and B2F tobacco leaves after curing were divided into 15 locations,and the conventional chemical components of different locations were determined. The location differences of chemical composition and coordination of flue⁃cured tobacco leaves in sandy soil and clay soil in Henan tobacco area were studied under the condition of different chlorine content,to provide a reference for optimizing the planting layout of high⁃chlorine tobacco areas,accurately using tobacco raw materials by industrial enterprises and improving the adaptability of tobacco raw materials.The results showed that the distributions of chlorine and potassium contents in tobacco leaves were consistent among leaf locations,which were all in the order of leaf base>near base>leaf middle>near tip>leaf tip,near main>near middle>near edge.The distribution of nicotine content in leaf locations was opposite to that of chloride and potassium content,and the sugar⁃to⁃alkali ratio between leaf locations showed the order of near main>near middle>near edge.Chlorine application could promote the accumulation of potassium,chlorine and nicotine in tobacco leaves,and reduce the accumulation of reducing sugar and total sugar. The contents of chlorine,potassium and nicotine in different parts of flue⁃cured tobacco and different locations of leaves in sandy loam were generally lower than those in clay,while the reducing sugar content,total sugar content,potassium⁃chloride ratio and sugar⁃alkali ratio of tobacco leaves were higher than those in clay.Under the same soil chlorine content,the accumulation of chlorine in tobacco leaves in sandy loam was lower than that in clay.Therefore,according to the characteristics of high chlorine content and low potassium⁃to⁃chlorine ratio in the leaf base area,the leaf base area and other areas can be treated
separately during the redrying process.

Key words: Flue?cured tobacco, Location of tobacco leaves, Chemical composition, Soil texture, Chlorine content of soil

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