Effects of Different Light Intensities on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Physiology of Four Basil Plants

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.05.013

Abstract

Abstract: By using four types of basil plants，including large leaved basil，purple basil，clove basil，and lemon basil，the effects of different light intensities on leaf chlorophyll content，photosynthetic characteristics，chlorophyll fluorescence parameters，and antioxidant systems were studied by setting 100% full light（L100），85% light（L85），70% light（L70），55% light（L55），and 40% light（L40）.The results showed that with the decrease of light intensity，the plant height and biomass of the four basil plants showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，reaching their maximum under L85 treatment；The content of chlorophyll a+b showed：large leaf basil>lemon basil>clove basil>purple basil，while chlorophyll a/b showed the opposite trend. As the light intensity decreased，the initial fluorescence（Fo）and maximum fluorescence（Fm）of the four basils showed an increasing trend，while the maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）and potential activity（Fv/Fo）of PS Ⅱ showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend. The maximum net photosynthetic rate（Pm）of the four types of basil also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，with larger increases in large leaf basil and lemon basil，both reaching their maximum values at L85，with an increase of 31.3% and 54.3% compared to L100.The apparent quantum efficiency（AQY）of four types of basil varied from 0.027 to 0.085 μmol/（m²·s）. The light compensation point（LCP）of large leaf basil and lemon basil was maximum at L100，while purple basil and clove basil were maximum at L85.The light saturation point（LSP）of all four types of basil was maximum at L85 and minimum at L40.Compared to L100，the LSP of the four types of basil increased by 41.9%，12.8%，26.1%，and 7.0% at L85，respectively. Four types of basil plants could enhance the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD），catalase（CAT）in the antioxidant system，as well as the content of antioxidants such as total phenols，flavonoids，and vitamin C to adapt to the light environment. However，full light and extreme weak light environments could inhibit the growth and development of the four types of basil plants. In this experiment，85% light was more favorable for the growth of basil plants.

Key words: Ocimum, Illumination, Chlorophyll, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant enzymes, Chlorophyll fluorescence

摘要： 以大叶罗勒、紫罗勒、丁香罗勒、柠檬罗勒4种罗勒属植物为试材，设置100%全光照（L100）、85%光照（L85）、70%光照（L70）、55%光照（L55）和40%光照（L40），研究不同光照强度对4种罗勒属植物叶绿素含量、光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数以及抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明，随光照强度的下降，4种罗勒属植物的株高和生物量呈现先增加后下降的趋势，在L85处理下达到最大；叶绿素a+b含量表现为大叶罗勒>柠檬罗勒>丁香罗勒>紫罗勒，而叶绿素a/b则表现相反。随光照强度的下降，4种罗勒的初始荧光（Fo）以及最大荧光（Fm）呈增加趋势，而PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）和PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）则表现为先增后降的趋势。4种罗勒的最大净光合速率（Pm）也表现先增加后下降的趋势，均在L85下达到最大值，且大叶罗勒和柠檬罗勒的增幅较大，较L100增加31.3%和54.3%；4种罗勒的表观量子效率（AQY）为0.027~0.085 μmol/（m²·s），大叶罗勒和柠檬罗勒的光补偿点（LCP）在L100时最大，而紫罗勒和丁香罗勒在L85时最大，而4种罗勒的光饱和点（LSP）则均在L85时最大，L40时最小，相较于L100时4种罗勒的LSP在L85时分别提高41.9%、12.8%、26.1%和7.0%。4种罗勒属植物可增强抗氧化系统中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及总酚、类黄酮和维生素C等抗氧化物含量来适应光环境，而全光照和极端的弱光环境会抑制4种罗勒属植物的生长发育，以85%光照更有利于罗勒属植物的生长。

关键词: 罗勒属, 光照, 叶绿素, 光合, 抗氧化酶, 叶绿素荧光

CLC Number:

S649

YANG Wen, ZHANG Jing, HE Weikai, ZHOU Xu. Effects of Different Light Intensities on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Physiology of Four Basil Plants[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(5): 113-123.

杨雯, 张静, 何卫凯, 周旭. 不同光照强度对4 种罗勒属植物叶绿素荧光和光合生理的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(5): 113-123.

Figures/Tables 6

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