Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on the Photosynthesis，ASA‑GSH Cycle，and Hormone Changes of Malus‘Royalty’under Drought Stress

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.06.011

Abstract

Abstract: To investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin(MT)on the growth status,photosynthesis,hormone metabolism,and ASA‑GSH cycle physiology of Malus‘Royalty’under drought stress,under potted conditions,normal water(CK),drought stress(DS),and six concentrations of melatonin(50,100,150,200,250,300 mg/kg,denoted as MT₁,MT₂,MT₃,MT₄,MT₅,and MT6)under drought stress were designed,for a total of eight treatments.The effects of different concentrations of melatonin treatment on the growth,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters,hormone metabolism,enzyme activity and antioxidant content in the ASA‑GSH cycle of Malus‘Royalty’under drought stress were analyzed.Compared with DS treatment,the plant height,basal diameter,total dry weight,total root volume,and average root diameter under DS+MT3 treatment increased by 54.7%,20.0%,143.2%,33.5%,and 6.9%,respectively.The content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoids increased by 20.5%,115.7%,and 83.0%,respectively.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs),and water use efficiency(WUE) in the photosynthetic parameters increased by 51.8%,110.9%,55.5%,and 96.6%,respectively,and Pn returned to the CK level.The intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)and stomatal limitation value(Ls)decreased by 43.3% and 57.0%,respectively.Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ΦPSⅡ and Fv′/Fm′ increased by 5.4%,61.8%,171.6%,and 168.7%,respectively.The activities of ascorbate peroxidase(APX),dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR),monodehydroascorbate reductase(MDHAR),and glutathione reductase(GR)in the ASA‑GSH cycle of Malus‘Royalty’increased by 168.3%,90.4%,167.2%,and 126.0%,respectively.The content of ascorbic acid(ASA),glutathione(GSH),ascorbic acid/dehydroascorbic acid(ASA/DHA),and reduced/oxidized glutathione(GSH/GSSG)increased by 102.5%,67.5%,129.8%,and 342.1%,respectively.The content of auxin(IAA),gibberellin(GA),and zeatin nucleoside(ZR)increased by 26.2%,24.6%and 89.3%,respectively,while the content of abscisic acid(ABA)decreased by 49.0%.Under drought stress,the growth parameters,photosynthesis,and ASA‑GSH cycle of Malus‘Royalty’are inhibited,and the hormone balance is disrupted.Spraying different concentrations of melatonin on leaves can regulate the metabolism level of endogenous hormones,improve photosynthesis,enhance the activity of related enzymes and antioxidant content in the ASA‑GSH cycle,promote the synthesis and cumulation of photosynthetic pigments，improve chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,and thereby increase plant biomass and enhance the drought resistance of Malus‘Royalty’.Foliar spraying of 150 mg/kg of melatonin has the best drought resistance effect on Malus‘Royalty’.

Key words: Malus‘Royalty’, Melatonin, Drought stress, ASA?GSH, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll, Hormone

摘要： 为探究干旱胁迫下外源褪黑素（MT）对王族海棠（Malus‘Royalty’）生长状况、光合作用、激素代谢以及抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（ASA-GSH）循环生理的影响，盆栽条件下设置正常水分（CK）、干旱胁迫（DS）以及干旱胁迫下叶片喷施6 个质量分数（50、100、150、200、250、300 mg/kg，分别记为MT₁、MT₂、MT₃、MT₄、MT₅、MT₆）的褪黑素，共8个处理，分析干旱胁迫下不同质量分数褪黑素处理对王族海棠生长量、叶绿素含量、光合参数、激素代谢以及ASA-GSH循环中相关酶活性和抗氧化物质含量的影响。结果表明，与DS处理相比，DS+MT₃ 处理下的株高、基径、总干质量、根系总体积以及根系平均直径分别增加54.7%、20.0%、143.2%、33.5%、6.9%；叶绿素a、叶绿素b以及类胡萝卜素含量分别增加20.5%、115.7%和83.0%；光合参数中净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）以及水分利用效率（WUE）分别增加51.8%、110.9%、55.5%和96.6%，且Pn恢复至CK水平，胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）和气孔限制值（Ls）则分别下降43.3%和57.0%；PSⅡ最大光化学量子效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）、PSⅡ实际光化学量子效率（Φ_PSⅡ）以及PSⅡ有效光化学量子效率（Fv′/Fm′）分别增加5.4%、61.8%、171.6%和168.7%。王族海棠AsA-GSH循环中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR）、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（MDHAR）以及谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性分别增加168.3%、90.4%、167.2%和126.0%；抗坏血酸（ASA）含量、谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量、抗坏血酸/脱氢抗坏血酸（ASA/DHA）、还原型/氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSH/GSSG）分别增加102.5%、67.5%、129.8%和342.1%；生长素（IAA）、赤霉素（GA）、玉米素核苷（ZR）含量分别增加26.2%、24.6%和89.3%，脱落酸（ABA）含量降低49.0%。干旱胁迫下，王族海棠的生长参数、光合作用以及ASA-GSH循环过程受到抑制，激素平衡遭到破坏。叶片喷施不同质量分数的褪黑素能够调节内源激素的代谢水平，提高光合作用，增强ASA-GSH循环中相关酶活性以及抗氧化物质含量，促进光合色素的合成和积累，改善叶绿素荧光参数，进而提高植物的生物量，增强王族海棠的抗旱能力，其中以叶片喷施150 mg/kg的褪黑素提高王族海棠的抗旱性效果最好。

关键词: 王族海棠, 褪黑素, 干旱胁迫, ASA-GSH, 光合, 叶绿素, 激素

CLC Number:

S661.4

YANG Yan, XIAO Bin. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on the Photosynthesis，ASA‑GSH Cycle，and Hormone Changes of Malus‘Royalty’under Drought Stress[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(6): 100-110.

杨艳, 肖斌. 干旱胁迫下外源褪黑素对王族海棠光合作用、ASA-GSH循环以及激素变化的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(6): 100-110.

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