Abstract: To investigate the effects of biochar combined with organic fertilizer on the growth and development，physiological characteristics，dry matter accumulation，yield，and yield benefits of ryegrass under saline‑alkali stress，and to determine the appropriate amounts of biochar and organic fertilizer，a field randomized block experiment was conducted using ryegrass as the material，with five treatments［control（CK）：no biochar，organic fertilizer，and nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer）；T1：nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer（15：15：15） 500.3 kg/ha（conventional fertilizer dosage）；T2：1 000.5 kg/ha biochar+2 001.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer；T3：1 500.8 kg/ha biochar+4 002.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer；T4：2 001.0 kg/ha biochar+6 003.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer］，and the regulatory effects of different dosages of biochar combined with organic fertilizer on the growth，development，and physiological characteristics of ryegrass under saline‑alkali stress were analyzed.The results showed that the combination of biochar and organic fertilizer could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt alkali stress on the growth，development，physiological characteristics，and yield of ryegrass. Compared with the control group，T3 treatment significantly increased the plant height，root length，and leaf area of ryegrass by 65.6%，157.6%，and 37.1%，respectively. The chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b，total chlorophyll，and carotenoid contents were significantly increased by 111.1%，34.1%，93.6%，and 65.3%，respectively. The net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO₂ concentration，and transpiration rate were significantly increased by 200.5%，71.4%，31.1%，and 58.4%，respectively.The activities of superoxide dismutase，peroxidase，and catalase were significantly increased by 90.1%，21.4%，and 85.9%，respectively，and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase was significantly reduced by 47.5%. The fresh grass yield and dry yield were both the highest，with dry yield reaching 4 262.1 kg/ha and benefit increment reaching 5 332.7 yuan/ha.In summary，T3 treatment（1 500.8 kg/ha biochar+4 002.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer）can effectively alleviate the inhibition of salt‑alkali stress on the growth and development of ryegrass，enhance its photosynthetic performance，balance antioxidant enzyme activity，promote biomass accumulation and yield increase，thereby improving the economic benefits of ryegrass planting.

Key words: Ryegrass, Biochar, Organic fertilizer, Saline?alkali stress, Dry matter accumulation, Yield benefit

摘要： 为探究生物炭配施有机肥对盐碱胁迫下黑麦草生长发育、生理特性、干物质积累及产量和产量效益的影响，确定黑麦草适宜的生物炭和有机肥用量，以黑麦草为试验材料，采用田间随机区组试验，设置5个处理［对照（CK）：不添加生物炭、有机肥和氮磷钾复合肥；T1：氮磷钾复合肥（15：15：15）500.3 kg/hm²（常规化肥用量）；T2：1 000.5 kg/hm²生物炭+2 001.0 kg/hm²有机肥；T3：1 500.8 kg/hm²生物炭+4 002.0 kg/hm²有机肥；T4：2 001.0 kg/hm²生物炭+6 003.0 kg/hm2有机肥］，分析不同用量生物炭与有机肥配施对盐碱胁迫下黑麦草生长发育和生理特性的调控效应。结果表明，生物炭配施有机肥可有效缓解盐碱胁迫对黑麦草生长发育、生理特性及产量的抑制效应。与对照相比，T3处理黑麦草的株高、根系长度和叶面积分别显著提高了65.6%、157.6%、37.1%；叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量分别显著提高了111.1%、34.1%、93.6%、65.3%，净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度和蒸腾速率分别显著提高了200.5%、71.4%、31.1%、58.4%；超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性分别显著提高了90.1%、21.4%、85.9%，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性显著降低了47.5%；鲜草产量和干草产量均最高，其中干草产量达4 262.1 kg/hm²，效益增量达5 332.7 元/hm²。综上，T3处理（1 500.8 kg/hm²生物炭+4 002.0 kg/hm²有机肥）可有效缓解盐碱胁迫对黑麦草生长发育的抑制，提升其光合性能，平衡抗氧化酶活性，促进生物量积累与产量提升，进而提高黑麦草种植的经济效益。

关键词: 黑麦草, 生物炭, 有机肥, 盐碱胁迫, 干物质积累, 产量效益