Project Articles

Special Topic: Biochar · Soil Fertility · Crops

Default Latest Most Read

Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Research Progress of Mineral Modified Biochar in Soil Carbon Sequestration Application Ye Jiangnan, Chen Min, Sun Yuan, Yang Jiali, Wang Wenshuo, Han Zhengdong, Lu Shengyong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 1-7.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.001 Abstract （499）      PDF （1276KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save The preparation methods of mineral modified biochar were reviewed，and the influence and mechanism of mineral modification on the stability of biochar were summarized.At the same time，taking the soil carbon sequestration process mediated by mineral modified biochar as the main line，the effect and mechanism of mineral modified biochar in soil carbon sequestration application were discussed，and the key scientific problems to be further explored in the application of mineral modified biochar in soil carbon sequestration were prospected，in order to provide reference for the development of efficient and lasting carbon sequestration biochar materials. Related Articles | Metrics Select Advances in Biochar Production Process and Its Effects on Soil Properties Jin Long, Haider Sultan, Jiang Qiaohan, Zhang Yunbo Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 8-25.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.002 Abstract （441）      PDF （3235KB）（15）       Knowledge map    Save Biochar exhibits multidimensional effects of soil conditioning，nutrient retention，and quality enhancement in soil improvement.This article systematically reviewed the regulatory laws of raw material types，pyrolysis temperature，heating rate，and residence time on the physicochemical properties of biochar and their impact mechanisms on soil properties.Existing studies had shown that raw materials determined the fundamental properties of biochar，with woody biochar having the highest yield and optimal pore structure，which was beneficial for water and fertilizer retention；livestock manure biochar was rich in nutrients and was a high‑quality slow‑release fertilizer carrier.The pyrolysis temperature was the core driving force for regulating the physicochemical characteristics of biochar.Low temperature pyrolysis was beneficial for retaining acidic functional groups，medium temperature pyrolysis could increase the specific surface area and cation exchange capacity of biochar，and high temperature pyrolysis could enhance the long‑term stability and alkaline neutralization effect of carbon.Meanwhile，slow heating mode and extended residence time could effectively promote the formation of micropores inside biochar.At the level of soil improvement，the compatibility between the preparation process and the physical and chemical properties of soil directly determined the effectiveness of biochar improvement.Among them，biochar prepared by slow heating at medium temperature had the most significant effect on reducing soil bulk density. Compared with manure based biochar，wood and shell biochar had a better effect on increasing the effective water content of sandy soil.Biochar regulated soil biological properties by providing microbial habitat and nutrient supply for soil microorganisms，and its impact on enzyme activity exhibited a feedback mechanism that varied depending on the enzyme. In the future，the focus should be on the construction of big data prediction models for process‑characteristics‑function，analysis of the long‑term evolution of soil‑crop systems and their micro ecological mechanisms，as well as the creation of customized biochar based new products for specific scenarios. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Rice Husk Biochar and Corn Straw Biochar on Growth，Quality and Soil Nutrients of Huai Chrysanthemum Fu Shenglan, Gu Caihua, Zhang Yanlin, Sun Wanhui, Xin Longfei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 26-34.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.003 Abstract （361）      PDF （2418KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the effects of rice husk biochar and corn straw biochar on the growth，quality，and soil nutrients of Huai chrysanthemum，three levels of rice husk biochar（150，300，450 kg/ha，numbered D1，D2，D3 in sequence）and three levels of corn straw biochar（300，450，600 kg/ha，numbered Y1，Y2，Y3 in sequence） were set up，with no application of rice husk biochar and corn straw biochar as a control（CK）.A total of seven treatments were conducted to study the effects of the two biochars on the agronomic traits，photosynthetic parameters，yield，medicinal components，soil available nutrients，and key enzyme activities of Huai chrysanthemum. The results showed that compared with CK，the application of two types of biochar significantly improved the plant height，maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm），stomatal conductance（Gs），transpiration rate（Tr），and total yield of Huai chrysanthemum. Among them，D3 and Y3 treatments showed a higher increase in plant height，with an increase of 21.2% and 22.5% respectively compared to CK；the stem thickness of Y2 treatment was the largest，increasing by 13.49% compared to CK；the optimal number of branches was in D2，with an increase of 56.23%；Y3 showed the highest increase in net photosynthetic rate（Pn），Gs，and Tr compared to CK，with increases of 116.91%，307.21%，and 210.76%，respectively.The yield performance was better in D2，Y2，and Y3 treatments，with significant increases of 57.39%，53.19%，and 59.13% compared to CK，respectively. In terms of quality，the total flavonoids of all biochar treatments were significantly increased by 18.05%—55.86% compared to CK.There was no significant difference in chlorogenic acid and 3，5‑O‑dicaffeoylquinic acid between rice husk biochar group and CK，while the content of hesperidin was significantly reduced by 17.42%—23.87%.The chlorogenic acid and 3，5‑O‑dicaffeoylquinic acid treated with corn straw biochar increased by 9.27%—22.06% and 18.78%—28.45% respectively compared to CK. The content of hesperidin significantly increased with increasing application rate，with Y3 treatment showing a significant increase of 16.87% compared to CK.In terms of soil indicators，both types of biochar can significantly increase the content of soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen，available phosphorus，available potassium，as well as urease and sucrase activities overall.Among them，the content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen，available phosphorus，and available potassium in soil treated with D3 and Y3 increased by 5.05%，9.06%，6.67% and 4.28%，6.68%，7.44% respectively compared to CK；the urease activity significantly increased by 228.41% and 321.59% compared to CK，respectively.The peak of sucrase activity appeared in D2 and Y2 treatments，which increased by 46.71% and 58.48% respectively compared to CK. In summary，D2，Y2，and Y3 treatments showed the pretty overall performance.The recommended amount of biochar for field cultivation of Huai chrysanthemum is 300 kg/ha of rice husk biochar or 450—600 kg/ha of corn straw biochar. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Phosphorus Reduction Combined with Humic Acid and Biochar Application on Phosphorus Supply in Red Soil and Phosphorus Utilization by Maize Liu Zhijun, Bao Dejue, Zhou Shiyong, Zhang Chenglong, Wu Dandan, Pu Zixian, Yin Lixiao, Zhou Feng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 35-47.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.004 Abstract （421）      PDF （15557KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the effects of humic acid and biochar addition on soil phosphorus supply and maize phosphorus uptake and utilization in red soil farmland under phosphorus reduction conditions，a randomized complete block design was adopted. Under 40% phosphorus reduction（P2，P2O5 90 kg/ha），four treatments were set up with different levels of humic acid（H1，10 000 kg/ha；H2，5 000 kg/ha）and biochar（B1，10 000 kg/ha；B2，5 000 kg/ha），using the local conventional phosphorus application rate（CK，P2O5 150 kg/ha） as the control.The effects of humic acid and biochar addition under phosphorus reduction on the physicochemical properties of red soil，maize phosphorus uptake，and yield were studied.The results showed that，compared with the CK treatment，the addition of humic acid and biochar could，to varying degrees，reduce soil bulk density in the 0—30 cm plough layer，increase soil total porosity and capillary water holding capacity，raise red soil pH and cation exchange capacity（CEC），improve the physicochemical properties of the plough layer soil，increase soil organic matter content，and significantly affect the activities of acid phosphatase（ACP）and alkaline phosphatase（ALP）.Among them，both P2H1 and P2B1 treatments increased soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents. Compared with CK，at the trumpet stage，total phosphorus content in P2H1 and P2B1 treatments increased significantly by 35.35% and 35.40%，respectively，and available phosphorus content increased by 13.92% and 35.69%，respectively；at the dough stage，total phosphorus content in P2H1 and P2B1 treatments increased by 6.38% and 48.94%，respectively，with the P2B1 treatment showing a significant difference compared with CK.Compared with CK，at the dough stage，root and stem biomass and root‑to‑shoot ratio of P2H1 and P2B1 treatments increased significantly by 24.61%，3.81%，24.65% and 16.65%，12.39%，9.75%，respectively；maize yield increased by 8.46% and 12.03%，respectively；and leaf phosphorus uptake increased significantly by 22.14% and 37.57%，respectively.Correlation analysis of maize yield and phosphorus uptake with biomass and soil factors revealed that alkaline phosphatase activity and organic matter content were extremely significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and available phosphorus content；soil total porosity was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus content and extremely significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus content；CEC and soil capillary water holding rate were significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus content；yield was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus content and positively correlated with available phosphorus content； phosphorus uptake was positively correlated with total phosphorus content.Comprehensively，humic acid and biochar improve the phosphorus supply capacity of red soil by regulating soil physicochemical properties and phosphatase activities，ultimately promoting efficient phosphorus uptake and utilization by maize. Under 40% phosphorus reduction，the application of 10 000 kg/ha biochar can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of red soil，promote phosphorus supply and maize phosphorus uptake，and ensure maize growth，development and yield formation. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Biochar Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Development，Dry Matter Accumulation Characteristics and Yield Benefit of Ryegrass under Saline‑Alkali Stress Li Yan, Li Xiaozhen, Zhang Xiaoli Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 48-57.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.005 Abstract （417）      PDF （2282KB）（9）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the effects of biochar combined with organic fertilizer on the growth and development，physiological characteristics，dry matter accumulation，yield，and yield benefits of ryegrass under saline‑alkali stress，and to determine the appropriate amounts of biochar and organic fertilizer，a field randomized block experiment was conducted using ryegrass as the material，with five treatments［control（CK）：no biochar，organic fertilizer，and nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer）；T1：nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer（15：15：15） 500.3 kg/ha（conventional fertilizer dosage）；T2：1 000.5 kg/ha biochar+2 001.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer；T3：1 500.8 kg/ha biochar+4 002.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer；T4：2 001.0 kg/ha biochar+6 003.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer］，and the regulatory effects of different dosages of biochar combined with organic fertilizer on the growth，development，and physiological characteristics of ryegrass under saline‑alkali stress were analyzed.The results showed that the combination of biochar and organic fertilizer could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt alkali stress on the growth，development，physiological characteristics，and yield of ryegrass. Compared with the control group，T3 treatment significantly increased the plant height，root length，and leaf area of ryegrass by 65.6%，157.6%，and 37.1%，respectively. The chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b，total chlorophyll，and carotenoid contents were significantly increased by 111.1%，34.1%，93.6%，and 65.3%，respectively. The net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration，and transpiration rate were significantly increased by 200.5%，71.4%，31.1%，and 58.4%，respectively.The activities of superoxide dismutase，peroxidase，and catalase were significantly increased by 90.1%，21.4%，and 85.9%，respectively，and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase was significantly reduced by 47.5%. The fresh grass yield and dry yield were both the highest，with dry yield reaching 4 262.1 kg/ha and benefit increment reaching 5 332.7 yuan/ha.In summary，T3 treatment（1 500.8 kg/ha biochar+4 002.0 kg/ha organic fertilizer）can effectively alleviate the inhibition of salt‑alkali stress on the growth and development of ryegrass，enhance its photosynthetic performance，balance antioxidant enzyme activity，promote biomass accumulation and yield increase，thereby improving the economic benefits of ryegrass planting. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Biochar Combined with Cake Fertilizer on Growth and Aroma Components of Flue‑Cured Tobacco Cheng Peijun, Li Weiguan, Li Liang, Chang Dong, He Xiaobing, Zhang Xiang, Xu Yueqi, Qiu Lingjun, Suo Yanyan, Si Xianzong, Zhang Heng, Zhang Qian, Xu Fengdan, Li Qian, Yan Meng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 58-67.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.006 Abstract （388）      PDF （1318KB）（9）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the effects of addition of biochar and cake fertilizer on flue‑cured tobacco growth and aroma components in cured tobacco leaves，and to identify an optimal fertilization regime for high yield and superior quality of flue‑cured tobacco，five treatments were established：chemical fertilizer alone（CK），chemical fertilizer+biochar（T1），chemical fertilizer plus biochar+rapeseed cake（T2），chemical fertilizer+biochar+sesame cake （T3），and chemical fertilizer plus biochar+soybean cake（T4）. Agronomic traits，photosynthetic parameters，antioxidant enzyme activities of tobacco plants，as well as chemical components and aroma components of cured tobacco leaves were measured. The results showed that compared with CK，adding biochar（T1 treatment） improved tobacco growth at the vigorous growth stage：plant height，maximum leaf width and leaf number increased by 15.5%，5.4% and 6.5%，respectively；net photosynthetic rate（Pn）rose by 8.2%；the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX） were enhanced by 8.7%，15.3% and 15.5%. Tobacco yield increased by 8.7%，and the total content of aroma components in middle leaves was elevated by 24.6%. Relative to adding biochar，adding biochar and cake fertilization significantly increased plant height （7.0%—20.0%），maximum leaf length（7.4%—12.5%），maximum leaf width（5.8%—13.2%），leaf number（12.0%—23.1%），Pn（3.3%—7.8%），SOD activity（10.6%—13.9%），CAT activity（20.3%—37.8%） and APX activity （10.7%—26.4%）at the vigorous growth stage. Tobacco yield was boosted by 6.8%—10.2%，and the chemical composition of flue‑cured tobacco leaves was optimized simultaneously. Compared with adding biochar treatment，addition of biochar and cake fertilizaer significantly raised browning reaction products，carotenoid degradation products，cembrane degradation products and total aroma components by 8.9%—20.9%，17.4%—33.4%，31.8%—54.1% and 6.4%—32.3%，respectively.The addition of biochar and cake fertilizer had a significant effect on chlorophyll degradation products and total aroma components，and the overall application effects of rapeseed cake，sesame cake，and soybean cake increased in sequence.Comprehensive analysis showed that the addition of biochar and cake fertilizer was more effective than the application of adding biochar.Among them，the addition of biochar and soybean cake had the best overall effect. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Biochar on Microbial Community Structure and Cadmium Availability in Cadmium‑Contaminated Soil Jiang Ya, Wang Li, Luo Lina, Liu Guihua, Chai Guanqun, Wei Xiaoliao, Qin Song, Fan Chengwu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2026, 55 (9): 68-78.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.09.007 Abstract （367）      PDF （30160KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save A pot experiment was conducted with cadmium（Cd）‑contaminated cultivated soil as the test substrate to explore the effects of biochar at different application rates on soil microbial community structure and Cd availability. Four treatments were established：no biochar application（control，CK），biochar application at 2 g/kg （B1），4 g/kg （B2），and 8 g/kg（B3）.Soil physicochemical properties，available Cd concentration，soil enzyme activities，microbial biomass，and soil microbial community composition were determined. The results showed that soil pH value under B3 treatment increased by 0.25 compared with CK；the contents of soil organic matter，available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 35.90%，28.67% and 14.29%，respectively，while the concentration of soil available Cd decreased by 6.82%. Microbial biomass carbon under B1 and B2 treatments increased by 9.90% and 15.54% relative to CK，and microbial biomass nitrogen under B1，B2 and B3 treatments increased by 46.08%，21.77% and 62.05%，respectively.Compared with CK，soil catalase activity under B2 and B3 treatments increased by 19. 33% and 20. 72%，while soil acid phosphatase activity decreased by 43.25% and 42.25%. The dominant bacterial phyla in all treatments were Pseudomonadota，Bacillota，Bacteroidota and Acidobacteriota. Treatments B2 and B3 increased the relative abundances of Pseudomonadota and Acidobacteriota and reduced the relative abundance of Cyanobacteriota. The dominant fungal phyla across all treatments were Ascomycota and Unclassified_k_Fungi. Treatment B2 elevated the relative abundance of Ascomycota，and all biochar treatments reduced the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota. Soil catalase activity was positively correlated with the relative abundances of Pseudomonadota and Acidobacteriota，acting as a key factor affecting the bacterial community. Soil urease activity exhibited a significant negative correlation with the relative abundance of Rozellomycota，which was the key factor regulating the fungal community. In conclusion，biochar application could raise soil pH value and the contents of organic matter，available phosphorus and available potassium，enhance the activities of soil catalase，increase MBN，reshape the microbial community structure of Cd‑contaminated soil，improve the relative abundances of bacterial Pseudomonadota，Acidobacteriota and fungal Ascomycota，and reduce soil available Cd concentration；the optimal biochar application rate was 8 g/kg. Table and Figures | Related Articles | Metrics