Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 49-58.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.05.006

• Crop Cultivation & Genetic Breeding • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Exogenous Spraying of Methyl Jasmonate on Maturation and Cured Quality of Late‐maturing Upper Tobacco Leaves

WANG Tingting1,ZHAO Yuanyuan1,XIA Yulan1,WANG Dexun2,LI Juan2,SUN Junwei2,SHI Hongzhi1   

  1. (1.College of Tobacco Science/Research Center for Tobacco Harm Reduction,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;2.Dali Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company,Dali 671000,China)
  • Received:2024-06-19 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-06-09

外源喷施茉莉酸甲酯对贪青上部烟叶成熟落黄及烤后品质的影响

王婷婷1,赵园园1,夏玉兰1,王德勋2,李娟2,孙军伟2,史宏志1   

  1. (1.河南农业大学 烟草学院/烟草农业减害中心,河南 郑州 450046;2.云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南 大理 671000)
  • 通讯作者: 史宏志(1963-),男,河南滑县人,教授,博士,主要从事烟草栽培生理研究。E-mail:shihongzhi88@163.com。王德勋同为通信作者
  • 作者简介:王婷婷(2001-),女,河南淮滨人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:烟草栽培生理。E-mail:1799513014@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司2021年度“揭榜挂帅”项目(110202103016);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目(2022530000241015)

Abstract: To investigate the effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate(MeJA)application on maturation and quality improvement in delayed‐maturity upper leaves of flue‐cured tobacco,a field experiment was conducted using the Yunyan 300 cultivar.Four MeJA concentrations(1,5,10,15 mmol/L)were foliar‐applied for three consecutive days during the late growth stage of upper leaves.Morphological changes in the tobacco leaves were recorded,and the SPAD values of fresh leaves were measured.Additionally,the contents of conventional chemical components(starch,protein,nicotine,and water‐soluble sugars)in fresh leaves were determined.After curing,the contents of conventional chemical components,physical properties,appearance quality,sensory quality,and neutral aroma
components of the cured leaves were also determined and evaluated.The results showed that the leaves treated with 10 mmol/L and 15 mmol/L MeJA solution exhibited significant chlorophyll degradation and yellowing after 24 hours of the final application,with SPAD values decreasing by 13.75% and 15.33%,respectively.Compared to the control group(0 mmol/L MeJA solution,CK),exogenous applications of 5,10,15 mmol/L MeJA solution significantly reduced the contents of starch,soluble protein,reducing sugar,and total sugar in fresh leaves,while nicotine content increased significantly.Among these treatments,the 10 mmol/L MeJA solution resulted in the highest nicotine content,which increased by 48.34% compared to CK.After curing,the reducing sugar and total sugar contents in leaves treated with 10 mmol/L MeJA increased by 47.37% and 13.06%,respectively,compared to CK,indicating a more balanced chemical composition. Exogenous applications of different concentrations of MeJA solution also improved the sensory and aromatic quality of cured leaves,with an increase in neutral aromatic compounds. Notably,the content of solanone increased the most,with a 90.90% increase in leaves treated with 10 mmol/L MeJA compared to CK.In summary,exogenous MeJA solution can effectively promote the maturation and yellowing of flue‐cured tobacco,as well as enhance its quality.Continuous foliar applications of 10 mmol/L MeJA solution for three days result in significant chlorosis and yellowing in fresh leaves,with the quality of cured leaves being significantly enhanced.

Key words: Flue‐cured tobacco, Foliar spraying, MeJA, Late ripening, Maturation, Quality

摘要: 为明确外源喷施茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)促进贪青上部烟叶成熟落黄的效应,提高上部叶的成熟度和烟叶品质,以贪青晚熟云烟300为材料,在烤烟上部叶生长后期连续3 d分别喷施1、5、10、15 mmol/L MeJA溶液,记录烟叶的表观变化,并测定鲜烟叶SPAD值,鲜烟叶淀粉、蛋白质、烟碱、水溶性糖等常规化学成分含量,烤后烟叶常规化学成分含量、物理特性、外观质量、感官质量和中性致香成分。结果表明,最后1次喷施24 h后,10、15 mmol/L MeJA溶液处理烟叶明显褪绿转黄,鲜烟叶片SPAD值分别降低13.75%和15.33%。与喷施0 mmol/L MeJA溶液(CK)相比,外源喷施5、10、15 mmol/L MeJA溶液,鲜烟叶淀粉、可溶性蛋白、还原糖和总糖含量均显著下降,烟碱含量显著增加,外源喷施10 mmol/L MeJA溶液处理烟碱含量最高,较CK增加48.34%。10 mmol/L MeJA溶液处理下烤后烟叶还原糖和总糖含量分别较CK增加47.37%和13.06%,化学成分相对协调。外源喷施不同浓度MeJA溶液,烤后烟叶感官质量和香气质量均有所改善,中性致香成分含量提高,其中以茄酮含量增幅最大,叶面喷施10 mmol/L MeJA处理较CK增加90.90%。综上,外源喷施MeJA溶液可有效促进烤烟成熟落黄和品质改善,连续3 d叶面喷施10 mmol/L MeJA溶液,鲜烟可褪绿转黄,烤后烟叶品质显著改善。

关键词: 烤烟, 叶面喷施, 茉莉酸甲酯, 贪青, 成熟, 品质

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