Effect of Bacillus on Seed Germination and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize under Salt⁃Alkali Stress

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.03.003

Abstract

Abstract: In order to study the mitigation effect of Bacillus on salt⁃alkali stress of maize at germination stage，maize with different salt⁃alkali tolerance（Kennian No.1，Xianyu 335，Jiaqiu 105）were used as materials，the germination test was carried out by inoculating Bacillus under salt stress（100 mmol/L NaCl）and alkali stress（60 mmol/L NaHCO₃），and the effects of Bacillus on the length，antioxidant enzyme（POD，SOD，CAT，APX）activity，osmotic adjustment substance（soluble protein，soluble sugar，free proline）content，membrane lipid peroxidation（superoxide anion and malondialdehyde contents）of maize plantule and embryo root under salt⁃alkali stress were studied.The results showed that the growth of maize plantule and embryo root was inhibited under salt⁃alkali stress，and the activities of antioxidant enzymes，the contents of osmotic adjustment substances and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation all showed an upward trend. Compared with salt⁃alkali stress，Bacillus could increase the length，antioxidant enzymes activities and contents of osmotic adjustment substances，and reduce the degree of lipid peroxidation of plantule and embryo root of three maize varieties under salt⁃alkali stress.Under salt stress，inoculation of Bacillus decreased the content of superoxide anion of maize plantule by 14.74 % —49.30%，and the content of superoxide anion of maize embryo root by 0.37%—57.55%；Under alkali stress，inoculation of Bacillus decreased the content of superoxide anion of maize plantule by 18.11% —46.31%，and the content of superoxide anion of maize embryo root by 15.36%—46.83%.Overall，Bacillus can scavenge reactive oxygen species and maintain osmotic pressure balance by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic adjustment substances，reduce the damage caused by salt⁃alkali stress to maize germination，and then improve the
tolerance to salt and alkali.

Key words: Maize, Bacillus, Seed germination, Salt stress, Alkali stress, Antioxidant system

摘要： 为研究芽孢杆菌对萌发期玉米盐碱胁迫的缓解效应，以不同耐盐碱性的玉米品种（垦粘1号、先玉335、佳球105）为材料，在盐胁迫（100 mmol/L NaCl）、碱胁迫（60 mmol/L NaHCO₃）下接种芽孢杆菌进行萌发试验，探究芽孢杆菌对盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽长和胚根长、抗氧化酶（过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶）活性、渗透调节物质（可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸）含量、膜脂过氧化程度（超氧阴离子和丙二醛含量）的影响。结果表明，盐碱胁迫下玉米胚芽和胚根生长受到抑制，抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量、膜脂过氧化程度均呈上升趋势。与盐碱胁迫相比，接种芽孢杆菌可提高盐碱胁迫下3个玉米品种胚芽长、胚根长及胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量，降低胚芽和胚根膜脂过氧化程度。其中，盐胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后，胚芽中超氧阴离子含量下降14.74%~49.30%，胚根中超氧阴离子含量下降0.37%~57.55%；碱胁迫下接种芽孢杆菌后，胚芽超氧阴离子含量下降18.11%~46.31%，胚根超氧阴离子含量下降15.36%~46.83%。综上，芽孢杆菌能够通过提高玉米胚芽和胚根中抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量来清除体内活性氧、维持细胞内外渗透压平衡，进而减轻盐碱胁迫对玉米萌发期造成的损伤，提高耐盐碱能力。

关键词: 玉米, 芽孢杆菌, 种子萌发, 盐胁迫, 碱胁迫, 抗氧化系统

CLC Number:

S513

DENG Cong, MA Lu, WANG Qingsong, FU Jian, WANG Yufeng, YANG Kejun. Effect of Bacillus on Seed Germination and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize under Salt⁃Alkali Stress[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(3): 20-30.

邓聪, 马璐, 汪青松, 付健, 王玉凤, 杨克军. 芽孢杆菌对盐碱胁迫下玉米种子萌发及生理生化特性的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(3): 20-30.

Figures/Tables 10

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