Migration and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Soil⁃Pepper System in Yellow Soil Region of Middle and Low Altitude in Guizhou  Province

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.06.009

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the law of migration and accumulation of heavy metals in soil⁃pepper system in yellow soil region of middle and low altitude，four pepper varieties［Capsicum frutescens L.，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill.）Irish No.1，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill.）Irish No.2 and Capsicum annuum L.］of typical middle and low altitude yellow soil region（Huangyang Town，Suiyang County，Guizhou Province）and their rhizosphere soils were selected to investigate，evaluate and analyze the content of cadmium（Cd），arsenic（As），lead（Pb），chromium（Cr）and zinc（Zn）.The results showed that the main pollution elements of soil in the region were Cd and Pb.The concentration of Cd in 21 samples and the concentration of Pb in 16 samples exceeded the screening value of corresponding farmland soil pollution risk. There were compound pollution phenomena of five heavy metals in individual plots.Mainly affected by Cd（the maximum value of Cd pollution index was 10.40），the comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals was as high as 7.35.In all pepper parts（fresh samples），the absorption capacity of Cd by leaves was the strongest，and the concentrations of Cd in leaves of Capsicum frutescens L.，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill）Irish No.1，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill.）Irish No.2 and Capsicum annuum L.were 0.77，0.80，1.44，1.12 mg/kg，respectively.As was easy to transfer in pepper plants and accumulate in fruits，and the concentrations of As in fruits of Capsicum frutescens L.，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill.）Irish No.1，Capsicum annuum L.var.conoides（Mill.）Irish No.2 and Capsicum annuum L.were 1.89，1.73，1.69，1.76 mg/kg.The concentrations of Pb and Cr showed root>stem>fruits. There was no obvious characteristics of Zn distribution in plants.The edible risk assessment showed that the concentrations of Cd and As in the fruits of pepper in this region exceeded the standard value of The Limit of Pollutants in Food（GB2762—2017）.Among them，the proportion of Cd exceeding the standard was large，but the per capita weekly intake was far lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake （PTWI），so there was no health risk； only one sample’s concentration of As in Capsicum frutescens L.exceeded the standard. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between total concentration of Zn in soil and heavy metal concentration in fruits. Available concentration of Zn in soil significantly affected concentrations of Cd and Zn in fruits，with correlation coefficients of -0.385 and 0.573（P<0. 01），respectively.Therefore，planting pepper in yellow soil region of middle and low altitude should pay attention to the concentrations of Cd and As，and the Cd impedance effect can be achieved by activating soil Zn，so as to realize the safe utilization of such types of soil.

Key words: Pepper, Soil, Heavy metal, Transport characteristics, Health risk, Guizhou Province

摘要： 为探究重金属在中低海拔黄壤区土壤-辣椒系统中的迁移累积规律，对贵州省典型中低海拔黄壤区（绥阳县黄杨镇）种植的4个辣椒品种（小米椒、朝天椒1号、朝天椒2号和二荆条）植株及其根际土壤重金属镉（Cd）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、铬（Cr）、锌（Zn）含量开展调查、评价及分析。结果表明，研究区土壤主要污染元素为Cd、Pb，60个样品中有21个样品Cd含量、16个样品Pb含量超过了对应农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，个别地块存在5项重金属复合污染现象。主要受Cd影响（Cd污染指数最大值为10.40），研究区土壤重金属综合污染指数高达7.35。在辣椒所有部位（鲜样）中，叶片对Cd的吸收能力最强，小米椒、朝天椒1号、朝天椒2号、二荆条叶片Cd含量分别为0.77、0.80、1.44、1.12 mg/kg。As易在辣椒植株中转移，进入果实中大量累积。小米椒、朝天椒1号、朝天椒2号、二荆条果实As含量分别为1.89、1.73、1.69、1.76 mg/kg。Pb、Cr含量均为根部>茎部>果实，Zn在植株体内无明显分布特征。食用风险评估结果表明，研究区存在辣椒果实Cd、As含量超过《食品中污染物限量》（GB2762—2017）标准值的情况。其中，Cd超标比例大，但人均每周摄入量远低于限量标准（PTWI），不具备健康风险；仅1个小米椒样品As含量超过限量标准。相关性分析结果表明，土壤中Zn全量与果实中各重金属含量之间无显著相关性，土壤有效态Zn含量显著影响了果实Cd、Zn含量，相关系数分别为-0.385和0.573（P<0.01）。因此，在中低海拔黄壤区种植辣椒应重点关注其Cd、As含量，可通过活化土壤Zn达成Cd阻抗效果，以实现该类型土壤的安全利用。

关键词: 辣椒, 土壤, 重金属, 转运特征, 健康风险, 贵州

CLC Number:

S641.3

LUO Muxinjian, CHAI Guanqun, LIU Guihua, QIN Song, YANG Jiaojiao, FAN Chengwu. Migration and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Soil⁃Pepper System in Yellow Soil Region of Middle and Low Altitude in Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 51(6): 85-93.

罗沐欣键, 柴冠群, 刘桂华, 秦松, 杨娇娇, 范成五. 贵州中低海拔黄壤区土壤-辣椒系统重金属迁移累积特征研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(6): 85-93.

Figures/Tables 7

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