河南农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 48-58.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.02.006

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物生长调节剂对延胡索产量和品质的影响

徐祥鑫1，张青霞1，刘一冰2，胡斐然1，王逾涵1，樊国春1，邓敏2，祁俊生1   

  1. （1.重庆三峡学院 三峡库区道地中药材绿色种植与深加工重庆市工程实验室，重庆 404020；2.重庆三峡学院 环境与化学工程学院，重庆 404020）
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-23 接受日期:2025-11-12 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-03-09
  • 通讯作者: 祁俊生，教授，博士，主要从事中药材绿色种植与安全质量控制研究。E-mail：1208986565@qq.com
  • 作者简介:徐祥鑫，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：中药炮制及制剂开发。E-mail：1740301002@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目（cstc2020jscx-tpyzxX0007）；重庆市教委重点项目（KJZD-K202201207）

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Quality of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang

XU Xiangxin1，ZHANG Qingxia1，LIU Yibing2，HU Feiran1，WANG Yuhan1，FAN Guochun1，DENG Min2，QI Junsheng1   

  1. （1.Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area，Chongqing Three Gorges University，Chongqing 404020，China；2.School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering，Chongqing Three Gorges University，Chongqing 404020，China）
  • Received:2025-09-23 Accepted:2025-11-12 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-03-09

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摘要： 为筛选延胡索（Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang）绿色栽培适宜的植物生长调节剂，采用盆栽试验，设置5种植物生长调节剂处理［矮壮素60 mg/L（T1）、比久100 mg/L（T2）、烯效唑50 mg/L（T3）、多效唑150 mg/L（T4）、膨大素30 mg/L（T5）］，以等量清水替代植物生长调节剂作为对照（CK），测定不同处理对延胡索生长发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明，T4处理显著提升了叶片光合色素含量，其中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量分别较CK提高30.64%、67.92%和37.08%。在可溶性物质含量方面，T3和T5处理显著提高了可溶性糖含量，分别提升了62.87%和34.54%；T5处理显著提升了可溶性蛋白含量，提高了8.04%。抗氧化酶活性方面，T2处理显著提高了过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，较CK提高了93.16%；T3和T4处理显著增强了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，分别较CK提高了51.24%和56.94%；T1处理过氧化物酶（POD）活性较CK提高了32.68%；T1、T2和T4处理均显著降低了丙二醛（MDA）含量，表明其对缓解膜脂过氧化损伤具有积极作用。产量方面，T5处理表现最佳，单株鲜质量和增产率分别达18.583 4 g和392.17%。生物碱方面，各植物生长调节剂处理均显著提高了延胡索乙素含量，与CK 相比增幅在361.46%~803.94%；T5处理盐酸小檗碱含量最高，较CK提升了105.01%；T4处理总生物碱含量最高，较CK提升了56.04%。T4处理还明显提升了总核苷含量，与CK相比提高了79.00%。相关性分析结果表明，块茎鲜质量和干质量与多种生物碱在不同显著水平上正相关。残留检测结果表明，除烯效唑轻微超标外，其余调节剂残留量均符合国家标准。综上，T5处理在增产方面效果最优，T4处理在提升光合色素、总生物碱及核苷含量方面表现突出。

关键词: 延胡索, 植物生长调节剂, 生长发育, 产量, 品质

Abstract: To screen suitable plant growth regulators for green cultivation of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang，this study conducted a pot experiment and set up five plant growth regulator treatments：chlormequat 60 mg/L（T1），Bijiu 100 mg/L（T2），uniconazole 50 mg/L（T3），paclobutrazol 150 mg/L（T4），and auxin 30 mg/L（T5）. An equal amount of water was used as a control instead of plant growth regulators（CK）to determine the effects of different treatments on the growth，development，yield，and quality of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang. The results showed that T4 treatment significantly increased the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves，with chlorophyll a，chlorophyll b，and total chlorophyll content increasing by 30.64%，67.92%，and 37.08%，respectively，compared to CK. In terms of soluble substance content，T3 and T5 treatments significantly increased soluble sugar content by 62.87% and 34.54%，respectively；T5 treatment significantly increased the soluble protein content by 8.04%.In terms of antioxidant enzyme activity，T2 treatment significantly increased catalase（CAT） activity by 93.16% compared to CK treatment；T3 and T4 treatments significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity，increasing by 51.24% and 56.94% respectively compared to CK；the peroxidase（POD）activity of T1 treatment increased by 32.68% compared to CK；T1，T2，and T4 treatments all significantly reduced malondialdehyde（MDA） content，indicating their positive role in alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation damage. In terms of yield，T5 treatment performed the best，with fresh weight per plant and yield increase rate reaching 18.583 4 g and 392.17%，respectively. In terms of alkaloids，treatments with various plant growth regulators significantly increased the content of berberine，with an increase of 361.46% to 803.94% compared to CK；T5 treatment had the highest content of berberine hydrochloride，which increased by 105.01% compared to CK；T4 treatment had the highest total alkaloid content which increased by 56.04% compared to CK.T4 treatment also significantly increased the total nucleoside content，with a 79.00% increase compared to CK.The correlation analysis results indicated that the fresh and dry weight of tubers were positively correlated with various alkaloids at different significant levels. The residual detection results showed that，except for a slight excess of uniconazole，the residual levels of all other regulators met the national standards.In conclusion，T5 treatment had the best effect on increasing yield，while T4 treatment showed outstanding performance in improving photosynthetic pigments，total alkaloids，and nucleoside content.

Key words: Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang, Plant growth regulator, Growth and development, Output, Quality

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