河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 109-117.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.03.012

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

酒精废醪液体有机碳肥对小番茄根系生长、产量和品质的影响

邵泽强1,步欣潼1,勾千冬2,郭孝孝3,周琳媛1,王靖博1,李英华1   

  1. (1.吉林化工学院资源与环境工程学院,吉林 吉林 132022;2.辽源市农业科学院,吉林 辽源 136200;3.吉林省博大生化有限公司,吉林 吉林 132101)
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-13 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 李英华(1972-),女,吉林吉林人,教授,博士,主要从事可再生资源循环利用研究。E-mail:414336044@qq.com
  • 作者简介:邵泽强(1983-),男,吉林吉林人,讲师,博士,主要从事固体废弃物资源化利用、污染土壤的控制与生态修复研究。E-mail:zeqiangshao@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31471945);吉林省博大生化有限公司委托项目(21187);吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目(JJKH20210241KJ);吉林化工学院重大科技项目(吉化院重大合字[2020]第012号);吉林化工学院博士启动基金项目(吉化院博基合字[2021]第024号)

Effects of Alcoholic Waste Mash Liquid Organic Carbon Fertilizer on Root Growth,Yield and Quality of Small Tomato

SHAO Zeqiang1,BU Xintong1,GOU Qiandong2,GUO Xiaoxiao3,ZHOU Linyuan1,WANG Jingbo1,LI Yinghua1   

  1. (1.College of Resource and Environment Engineering,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin 132022,China;2.Liaoyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Liaoyuan 136200,China;3.Jilin Boda Biochemical Co.,Ltd.,Jilin 132101,China)
  • Received:2022-10-13 Published:2023-03-15 Online:2023-04-14

摘要: 为了验证酒精废醪液体有机碳肥在小番茄上的施用效果,采用盆栽随机区组试验,设置5个处理:CK(空白对照)、T1(常规施化肥)、T2(酒精废醪液体有机碳肥)、T3(商品液体肥A)和T4(商品液体肥B),液体肥施用量为100 mL/盆。通过测定小番茄的株高、茎粗、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、根系形态、番茄产量、维生素C含量、硝酸盐含量、可溶性糖含量和有机酸含量,比较酒精废醪液体有机碳肥与化肥以及2种市售液体肥对小番茄农艺性状、根系形态、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与T1处理相比,T2—T4处理可以显著促进小番茄的生长,单株产量提高幅度为8.3%~16.7%,其中T2处理最高;根长、根表面积、根平均直径在T3和T4处理分别降低2.8%和4.3%、0.8%和4.5%、2.0%和0.1%,T2处理分别提高25.7%、23.3%和18.8%;根体积在T2和T3处理分别提高29.4%和2.9%,T4处理下降8.8%;维生素C、可溶性糖含量在T2和T3处理分别增加21.5%和3.0%、15.1%和4.8%,其中均以T2处理最高;T2—T4处理硝酸盐含量降低幅度为15.4%~34.1%,其中以T3处理最低;有机酸含量降低幅度为29.7%~43.8%,其中以T2处理最低。相关性分析表明,小番茄的根长度、根表面积、根体积和根平均直径与产量、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量均呈显著正相关关系,而根长和根表面积与有机酸含量呈显著负相关关系。由此可见,酒精废醪液体有机碳肥通过促进小番茄根系的生长来提高果实的产量和品质。

关键词: 小番茄, 液体有机碳肥, 酒精废醪, 根系构型, 产量, 品质, 腐殖酸液体肥料

Abstract: In order to verify the effect of alcoholic waste mash liquid organic carbon fertilizer on small tomato,a randomized group trial was conducted in pots with five treatments:CK(blank control),T1 (conventional fertilizer),T2(alcoholic waste mash liquid organic carbon fertilizer),T3(commercial liquid fertilizer A)and T4(commercial liquid fertilizer B),T2—T4 applied at a rate of 100 mL/pot. Plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value,root morphology,tomato yield,vitamin C content,nitrate content,soluble sugar content and organic acid content were determined,and the effects of alcohol waste mash liquid organic carbon fertilizer were compared with chemical fertilizers and two commercially available liquid fertilizers on agronomic traits,root morphology,yield and quality of small tomato. The results showed that compared with the T1 treatment,the T2 to T4 treatments could significantly promote the growth of small tomato,and yield per plant increased ranging from 8.3% to 16.7%,with the T2 treatment being the highest;root length,root surface area,and average root diameter decreased by 2.8% and 4.3%,0.8% and 4.5%,and 2.0% and 0.1% in the T3 and T4 treatments,respectively,while only the T2 treatment increased by 25.7%,23.3%,and 18.8%,respectively;root volume increased by 29.4% and 2.9% in the T2 and T3 treatments,respectively,and decreased by 8.8% in T4 treatment;vitamin C and soluble sugar content increased by 21.5% and 3.0%,15.1% and 4.8% in T2 and T3 treatments,respectively,both of which were the highest in the T2 treatment;nitrate content decreased by 15.4% to 34.1%,with the lowest in the T3 treatment;the reduction in organic acid content ranged from 29. 7% to 43.8%,with the lowest in the T2 treatment.Correlation analysis indicated that root length,root surface area,root volume and root mean diameter of small tomato showed significantly positive correlations with yield,vitamin C content and soluble sugar content,while root length and root surface area showed significantly negative correlations with organic acid content.Therefore,alcoholic waste mash liquid organic carbon fertilizer improves fruit yield and quality by promoting the growth of the root system of small tomato.

Key words: Small tomato, Liquid organic carbon fertilizer, Alcoholic waste mash, Root configuration, Yield, Quality, Humic acid liquid fertilizer

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