河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (12): 39-47.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.005

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮水耦合对甘薯生长发育及产量的影响

权宝全,任杰成,赵吉平,郭鹏燕,许瑛
  

  1. (山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西 太原 030031)
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-17 出版日期:2021-12-15 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 作者简介:权宝全(1982-),男,山西文水人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事农作物育种与栽培技术研究。E-mail:qbq012@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    吕梁市重点研发计划项目(2019NYZDYF17)

Effects of Nitrogen and Water Coupling on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato

QUAN Baoquan,REN Jiecheng,ZHAO Jiping,GUO Pengyan,XU Ying   

  1. (Institute of Industrial Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)
  • Received:2021-05-17 Published:2021-12-15 Online:2022-01-28

摘要: 采取二因素裂区设计,设置3个灌溉量(50、100、150 mm,记为W0、W1、W2)和4个施氮量(0、90、180、300 kg /hm2,记为N0、N1、N2、N3),研究不同氮水条件对甘薯叶面积指数、干质量、产量及水肥利用率的影响,以期为甘薯生产中水肥调控措施的选择提供理论依据。结果表明,各生育时期甘薯叶面积指数、地上部干质量、总干质量均随着灌溉量和施氮量的增加而增加。各生育时期甘薯块根干质量、单株结薯数、单个薯块平均质量、产量均随着灌溉量的增加而增加,随着施氮量的增加先增加后降低,以W2N2处理最优,其产量达48 828.30 kg/hm2,显著高于其他氮水处理。甘薯水分利用效率随着灌溉量的增加而降低,随着施氮量的增加先增加后降低,以N2处理最高。氮肥农学利用率随着灌溉量的增加先增加后趋于平稳,W1和W2处理均较高,两者差异不显著;随着施氮量的增加而降低。综合考虑,甘薯最佳氮水处理为施氮量180 kg/hm2、灌溉量150 mm。

关键词: 甘薯, 氮水耦合, 叶面积指数, 干物质积累, 产量

Abstract: Two‐factor split plot design was adopted,three irrigation rates(50,100,150 mm,named as W0,W1,W2,respectively)and four nitrogen rates(0,90,180,300 kg/ha,named as N0,N1,N2,N3,respectively)were set,and the effects of different nitrogen and water conditions on leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,yield and water and fertilizer use efficiencies of sweet potato were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of water and fertilizer measures in sweet potato production.The results showed that the leaf area index,dry aboveground weight and total dry weight of sweet potato increased with the increase of irrigation amount and nitrogen rate at each growth stage.The dry tuberous root weight,the number of tubers per plant,the average weight per tuber and yield of sweet potato increased with the increase of irrigation amount,and increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate.W2N2 treatment was the best,the yield of which was 48 828.30 kg/ha,significantly higher than that of other treatments.The water use efficiency of sweet potato decreased with the increase of irrigation amount,and increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate,N2 treatment was the best. Agronomic efficiency of nitrogen increased first and then maintained stable with the increase of irrigation amount,W1 and W2 treatments were higher,the difference between the two treatments was not significant;agronomic efficiency of nitrogen decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate.By comprehensive consideration,the optimum nitrogen and water combination was 180 kg/ha of N and 150 mm of water for sweet potato production.

Key words: Sweet potato, Nitrogen‐water coupling, Leaf area index, Dry matter accumulation, Yield

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