河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 72-78.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.11.009

所属专题: 土壤改良与调控专题

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤调理剂与微生物有机肥配施对黄潮土区重茬大蒜土壤改良及产量的影响

常虹,秦广利,王红军,陈妍   

  1. (商丘职业技术学院,河南商丘476000)
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-20 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-01-17
  • 作者简介:常虹(1964-),女,河南郑州人,副教授,硕士,主要从事植物保护及营养施肥研究。E-mail:changhong4890@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省软科学研究计划项目(182400410429);河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2017SJGLX155)

Effect of Combined Application of Soil Conditioner and Microbial Organic Fertilizer on Soil Improvement and Yield of Continuous Cropping Garlic in the Yellow Fluvo‑aquic Soil Area

CHANG Hong,QIN Guangli,WANG Hongjun,CHEN Yan   

  1. (Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu 476000,China)
  • Received:2021-07-20 Published:2021-11-15 Online:2022-01-17

摘要: 为探讨经高温无害化处理的微生物有机肥(发酵羊粪)配施土壤调理剂对黄潮土区重茬大蒜土壤的改良效果,以常规施用化肥+旋耕(CK)为对照,研究常规施用化肥+旋耕+土壤调理剂(T1)、常规施用化肥+旋耕+微生物有机肥(T2)、常规施用化肥+旋耕+微生物有机肥+土壤调理剂(T3)、常规施用化肥+深耕+微生物有机肥(T4)对重茬土壤养分含量、理化性质、酶活性和大蒜病情指数、生物学性状及产量的影响。结果表明,与常规施用化肥+旋耕(CK)相比,施用土壤调理剂、微生物有机肥可以改善土壤理化性质,增加养分含量,提高酶活性,从而促进大蒜生长发育,降低病害病情指数,提高产量。其中,常规施用化肥+旋耕+微生物有机肥+土壤调理剂(T3)处理效果最好,与常规施用化肥+旋耕(CK)相比,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别提高22.06%、13.47%、18.80%、14.89%,土壤粉粒显著提高,土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶活性显著增强,菌核病、叶枯病、根腐病的防效分别达到63.36%、66.47%、60.15%,大蒜株高、茎粗及蒜头直径也得到提高,并增产25.64%。综上,常规施用化肥+旋耕基础上配施土壤调理剂与微生物有机肥(T3)对重茬大蒜土壤改良以及大蒜病害防治、增产效果较好。

关键词: 微生物有机肥, 发酵羊粪, 土壤调理剂, 黄潮土, 大蒜, 土壤改良, 病情指数, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of microbial organic fertilizer(fermented sheep manure)by high temperature harmless treatment combined with soil conditioner on the soil improvement of continuous cropping garlic in the yellow fluvo‑aquic soil area,conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage(CK)was used as a contrast to study the effects of conventional chemical fertilizer +rotary tillage+soil conditioner(T1),conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage+microbial organic fertilizer(T2),conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage+microbial organic fertilizer+soil conditioner(T3),conventional chemical fertilizer+deep tillage+microbial organic fertilizer(T4)on the soil nutrient content,physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity,garlic disease index,biological characteristics and yield in the continuous cropping soil. The results showed that compared with conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage(CK),the application of soil conditioner and microbial organic fertilizer could garlic growth and development,reducing disease index,and increase yield. Among them,conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage+microbial organic fertilizer+soil conditioner(T3)had the best effect.Compared with conventional chemical fertilizer+rotary tillage(CK),the contents of soil organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were increased by 22.06%,13.47%,18.80% and 14.89%,respectively,and soil powder was significantly increased. The activity of catalase,sucrase,phosphatase,and urease of soil was significantly enhanced,and the control effects of sclerotinia disease,leaf blight and root rot reached 63.36%,66.47%,and 60.15% respectively,which increased the height of garlic,stem diameter and garlic diameter,and the garlic yield was increased by 25.64%.In summary,the combination of soil conditioner and microbial organic fertilizer on the basis of conventional rotary tillage and chemical fertilizer(T3)has the best effect on soil improvement,disease prevention,and yield increase of the continuous cropping garlic.

Key words: Microbial organic fertilizer, Fermented sheep manure, Soil conditioner, Yellow fluvo?aquic soil, Garlic, Soil improvement, Disease index, Yield

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