关键词: 阻隔材料, 粉煤灰, 海泡石, 沸石, 小白菜, 产量, 品质, 氮磷吸收

Abstract: Barrier materials are some materials which can reduce soil nitrogen and phosphorus leaching.To clarify the biological effects of fly ash(A),sepiolite (B)and zeolite (C)as barrier materials,pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different barrier materials and their combinations on the yield,quality, nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis).Six treatments were set up in the experiment,including control (without barrier material added), fly ash, sepiolite, zeolite, composite material Ⅰ (A1B2C2 ), and composite material Ⅱ(A2B2C1).The amounts of these barrier materials added for each treatment were 10 g/kg.The amounts of fly ash,sepiolite and zeolite in composite material Ⅰ were 2 g/kg,4 g/kg and 4 g/kg respectively,and those of composite material Ⅱ were 4 g/kg,4 g/kg and 2 g/kg respectively.These barrier materials were applied before planting.The results showed that compared with the control（without barrier materials added),the yields of the Chinese cabbage under the treatments added with fly ash,sepiolite and zeolite were increased by 37.1%,15.7% and 42.8%,respectively.The contents of total chlorophyll and soluble sugar of the zeolite treatment were significantly increased by 8.0% and 6.9%,but the nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) content was significantly decreased by 12.8%.The soluble protein content of the fly ash treatment was significantly increased by 7.9%,but the contents of soluble sugar,vitamin C and NO₃^--N were significantly decreased.The contents of total chlorophyll, soluble protein and NO₃^--N of the sepiolite treatment were significantly decreased.The treatments of zeolite and fly ash improved nitrogen accumulation amount by 26.7% and 22.7% in Chinese cabbage respectively,but reduced phosphorus accumulation amount by 11.8% and 21.7%,and soil available phosphorus content were increased by 19.8% and 18.9%.The accumulation amount of nitrogen and phosphorus and soil ammonium nitrogen content under the sepiolite treatment were significantly decreased by 16.3%,12.4%,and 63.2%,respectively.There was no significant increase in the yield of Chinese cabbage under the two composite materials treatments; moreover, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation amount under the A2B2C1 treatment was significantly reduced,but the NO₃^--N content was significantly increased.Taken together,these results indicated that the treatments of zeolite and fly ash increased the yield of Chinese cabbage,and improved the quality to a certain extent.These two barrier materials also promoted nitrogen absorption by Chinese cabbage,but inhibited phosphorus absorption.The sepiolite treatment also promoted the yield of Chinese cabbage,but had an inhibitory action on nitrogen and phosphorus absorption.Two composite materials treatments had no good application effects on Chinese cabbage.

Key words: Barrier material, Fly ash, Sepiolite, Zeolite, Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis), Yield, Quality, Nitrogen and phosphorus absorption