氮锌肥配施对小麦籽粒氮和锌含量及其分配的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.01.005

河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 35-43.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.01.005

氮锌肥配施对小麦籽粒氮和锌含量及其分配的影响

邵运辉^1,2，张盼盼^2,3，马耕²，卢红芳²，王丽芳²，王晨阳²，李向东¹，岳俊芹¹，秦峰¹

（1.河南省农业科学院小麦研究所，河南郑州 450002；2.河南农业大学农学院/国家小麦工程技术研究中心，河南郑州 450046；3.河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，河南郑州 450002）

收稿日期:2020-06-18 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
通讯作者: 王晨阳（1964-），男，河南方城人，研究员，博士，主要从事小麦高产优质生理生态研究。E-mail：xmzxwang@163.com
作者简介:邵运辉（1976-），男，河南扶沟人，副研究员，博士，主要从事小麦优质高产高效栽培研究。E-mail:shao2937@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD26B01,2013BAD07B07)

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Contents and Distribution of Nitrogen and Zinc in Wheat Grain

SHAO Yunhui^1,2,ZHANG Panpan^2,3,MA Geng²,LU Hongfang²,WANG Lifang²,WANG Chenyang²,LI Xiangdong¹,YUE Junqin¹,QIN Feng¹

(1.Wheat Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University / National Engineering Research Center for Wheat,Zhengzhou 450046,China;3.Cereal Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

Received:2020-06-18 Published:2021-01-15 Online:2021-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用田间裂区设计，主因素设置0、9.60 kg/hm² 2个施锌处理，副因素为0、240 kg/hm² 2个施氮处理，将小麦籽粒从外到内依次分为种皮、糊粉层、次糊粉层、3层淀粉胚乳过渡层和淀粉胚乳中心层等7层（F1—F7），研究不同氮锌肥处理下小麦籽粒不同层的氮、锌含量及分配比例，以期为进一步实现小麦籽粒胚乳的锌生物强化和氮锌肥的优化管理提供参考。结果表明，氮、锌在籽粒中分布不均匀，F2和F3层氮含量较高，籽粒从外到内锌含量逐渐下降，氮、锌在F7层中的分配比例均最高，分别是40.40%、26.20%，F1、F6层分配比例分别达最低。施锌对籽粒产量、氮含量及籽粒不同部位氮素累积量、分配比例无显著影响；但可显著提高籽粒锌含量49.3%，以F5层增幅最大，各层次锌累积量显著提高了50.1%～63.6%，以F7层增幅最大，籽粒各层锌分配比例无明显变化。施氮显著提高小麦籽粒产量、氮含量及籽粒不同部位氮含量和累积量，其中籽粒各部位以F3层增幅最高，F3层氮分配比例也明显提高，F1和F7层分配比例下降；施氮还显著提高籽粒及各层锌含量，其中F7层锌含量提高24.9%，并提高F7层锌分配比例14.3%，其他层锌分配比例均有所下降（F2层除外）。F7层锌含量与籽粒、F1和F5层氮含量均呈显著或极显著正相关，F7层锌含量与F1层氮含量之间的回归关系也达显著水平。综上，在小麦生长过程中，氮锌肥配施能够明显增加小麦籽粒的锌含量尤其是淀粉胚乳中心层锌的累积与分配比例，是提高小麦籽粒胚乳锌营养品质的有效途径。

关键词: 小麦, 氮锌配施, 产量, 籽粒, 籽粒分层, 氮、锌含量, 氮、锌分配

Abstract: The field experiment was conducted with a split plot design. Grain was pilled into testa,aleurone layer,subaltern aleurone layer,three transition layers of endosperm and central layer of starch endosperm from out to inner (F1—F7). Main plot treatments were two Zn rates,0,9.60 kg/ha,sub-plot treatments were two N rates,0,240 kg/ha,and the effect of N and Zn application on the contents and distribution of N and Zn in the grain fractions was studied,so as to provide reference for improving zinc content in wheat grain endosperm and optimal management of nitrogen and zinc fertilizer.The results indicated that distribution of N and Zn was nonuniform in the wheat grain.The N content was higher in the F2 and F3 fractions,and the content of Zn decreased in the grain from out to inner.The distribution of N and Zn was the highest in the F7 fraction,which were 40.40% and 26.20%,respectively,and the lowest in F1 and F6 fractions.The grain yield,N contents in the grain,Zn accumulation and distribution in grain’s fractions of the treatment with Zn were not significantly different from the treatment without Zn.Zn application significantly increased grain Zn content by 49.3%,maximum increase amplitude was in the F5 fraction, and Zn accumulation in each fraction increased by 50.1%—63.6%, maximum increase amplitude was in the F7.The Zn distribution in the grain fractions was not obviously affected by Zn application. N application significantly increased the grain yield,N content in grain and its fractions,N accumulation in the grain fractions, maximum increase amplitude was in the F3 fraction, and the distribution of N obviously increased in F3 fraction, but decreased in F1 and F7 fractions under N application treatment.N application significantly increased Zn contents in grain and its fractions,the Zn content in F7 fraction increased by 24.9%,the Zn distribution proportion in F7 fraction increased by 14.3%,but the Zn distribution proportions in other fractions decreased (expect F2 fraction).Correlation analysis was significant between Zn content in the F7 and N contents in the grain,F1 and F3 fractions.Relationship was also significant between Zn content in the F7 fraction and N content in the F1 fraction.Therefore, N and Zn application can significantly improve Zn content in grain, accumulation and distribution in the inner of wheat grain,and is a reasonable and efficiency way to increase the Zn nutrition quality in the endosperm of wheat grain.

Key words: Wheat;Combined application of N and Zn;Yield, Grain;Grain layer;N and Zn contents;N and Zn distribution

中图分类号:

S512

邵运辉, 张盼盼, 马耕, 卢红芳, 王丽芳, 王晨阳, 李向东, 岳俊芹, 秦峰. 氮锌肥配施对小麦籽粒氮和锌含量及其分配的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2021, 50(1): 35-43.

SHAO Yunhui, ZHANG Panpan, MA Geng, LU Hongfang, WANG Lifang, WANG Chenyang, LI Xiangdong, YUE Junqin, QIN Feng. Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Contents and Distribution of Nitrogen and Zinc in Wheat Grain[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 50(1): 35-43.

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氮锌肥配施对小麦籽粒氮和锌含量及其分配的影响

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Contents and Distribution of Nitrogen and Zinc in Wheat Grain

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