河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 149-161.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.017

• 农业信息与工程·农产品加工 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于无人机影像多源信息的冬小麦生物量与产量估算

郭燕1,2,井宇航1,贺佳1,2,张会芳1,贾德伟3,王来刚1,2   

  1. (1.河南省农业科学院农业信息技术研究所/农业农村部黄淮海智慧农业技术重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南省农作物种植监测与预警工程研究中心,河南 郑州 450002;3.河南省乡村产业发展服务中心,河南 郑州 450000)
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-30 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 王来刚(1979-),男,河南辉县人,研究员,主要从事农业遥感研究。E-mail:wlaigang@sina.com
  • 作者简介:郭燕(1983-),女,河南驻马店人,副研究员,主要从事农业遥感与信息技术研究。E-mail:10914063@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2001105);河南省重点研发与推广专项(232102111030,232102110282);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2023ZC062);河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所科技创新领军人才培育计划项目(2022KJCX01)

Winter Wheat Aboveground Biomass and Yield Estimation Based on Multi‐Source Information from UAV Imagery

GUO Yan1,2,JING Yuhang1,HE Jia1,2,ZHANG Huifang1,JIA Dewei3,WANG Laigang1,2   

  1. (1.Institute of Agricultural Information Technology,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Huang‐Huai‐Hai Smart Agricultural Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Zhengzhou,450002,China;2.Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Planting Monitoring and Warning,Zhengzhou 450002,China;3.Henan Provincial Rural Industry Development Service Center,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
  • Received:2023-08-30 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2024-01-05

摘要: 冬小麦生物量是表征产量的重要指标,通过无人机遥感技术对冬小麦生物量进行快速、无损监测能够及时掌握冬小麦生长情况,对冬小麦估产具有重要意义。基于冬小麦孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期无人机数字正射影像(DOM)的光谱信息(SIs)和纹理特征(TFs),以及数字表面模型(DSM)提取的株高(HDSM),采用多元线性回归(MLR)、偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)和随机森林(RF)方法构建了冬小麦生物量估算模型,并以此为基础进行了产量估算。结果表明,使用DOM信息进行冬小麦生物量估算时,融合SIs+TFs构建的冬小麦生物量估算模型精度优于单一光谱指数或者纹理特征构建的模型;引入HDSM信息冬小麦生物量估算模型精度得到提高,3种方法以RF方法构建的开花期模型精度最高;融合HDSM信息进行冬小麦生物量估算时,估算精度的提高以TFs+HDSM最明显。冬小麦产量早期估算中,不同生育时期实测生物量与产量拟合以对数函数模型精度最高,孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期模型R2分别为0.87、0.88和0.92。耦合生物量与产量估算最优模型进行冬小麦早期估产,灌浆期估算模型精度最高,R2、RPDRMSE分别为0.90、2.77和244.61 kg/hm2。因此,融合无人机影像DOM和DSM多源信息,集成机器学习算法,不仅可以对冬小麦生物量进行精准估算,还可以快速有效地对冬小麦产量进行早期估算,对于精准制定粮食安全政策具有重要意义。

关键词: 冬小麦, 无人机, 数字正射影像, 数字表面模型, 生物量, 产量

Abstract: Winter wheat aboveground biomass is an important indicator to characterize yield,and rapid and non‐destructive monitoring of winter wheat aboveground biomass by UAV remote sensing technology can grasp the growth of winter wheat in time,which is of great significance to the estimation of winter wheat yield. In this study,based on the spectral information and texture characteristics of UAV digital orthophoto map(DOM) and plant height(HDSM) extracted by digital surface model(DSM) during the booting,flowering,and filling stages of winter wheat,multiple linear regression(MLR),partial least squares regression(PLSR),and random forest(RF)methods were used to construct the winter wheat aboveground biomass and yield estimation models.The results showed that when using DOM information for winter wheat aboveground biomass estimation,the models constructed by integrating SIs+TFs were better than those constructed by a single spectral index or a texture feature;the accuracy of the winter wheat aboveground biomass estimation model constructed by incorporating HDSM information was improved,the RF model at the flowering stage had the highest accuracy;when incorporating the HDSM information into the aboveground biomass estimation of winter wheat,the accuracy of the estimation model was most obviously improved by TFs+HDSM.In the early estimation of winter wheat yield,the logarithmic function model had the highest accuracy in fitting the measured aboveground biomass to yield,and the R2 of the models for the booting,flowering,and filling stages were 0.87,0.88,and 0.92,respectively. The optimal models for aboveground biomass and yield estimation were coupled to estimate the yield,and the highest accuracy of the estimation model was obtained at the filling stage,with R2,RPD,and RMSE of 0.90,2.77,and 244.61 kg/ha,respectively.Therefore,the integration of multi‐source information from UAV imagery and machine learning algorithms,can be used to quickly and efficiently estimate the aboveground biomass and yield of winter wheat,which is of great significance for the accurate formulation of food security policies.

Key words: Winter wheat, UAV, Digital orthophoto map(DOM), Digital surface model(DSM), Biomass, Yield

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