河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (8): 87-95.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.08.010

所属专题: 氮肥减施专题

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥替减化肥对赤红壤菜-稻轮作区甘蓝产量和养分利用的影响

张立成1,李娟1,章明清1,辜祖超2   

  1. (1.福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建 福州 350013;2.永春县农业农村局,福建 永春 362600)
  • 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 李娟(1977-),女,福建南平人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事作物施肥原理和技术研究。E-mail:lj-95@163.com
  • 作者简介:张立成(1987-),男,湖南邵阳人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事平衡施肥与环境领域研究。E-mail:zlc730@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金青年创新项目(2021J05089);福建省公益项目(2021R1025003)

Cabbage Yield and Nutrient Utilization under Substitution of Organic Manure for Fertilizer in Vegetable‑Rice Rotation in Lateritic Red Soil

ZHANG Licheng1,LI Juan1,ZHANG Mingqing1,GU Zuchao2   

  1. (1.Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;2.Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yongchun County,Yongchun 362600,China)
  • Published:2023-08-15 Online:2023-08-29

摘要: 为提高化肥利用效率,以圆球甘蓝中甘8号为试验材料,在闽南菜-稻轮作区设计5种施肥处理(习惯施肥、推荐施肥、有机肥替代25%化肥、有机肥替代50%化肥、有机肥替代100%化肥)和不施肥处理(对照,CK)进行田间试验,研究不同处理对甘蓝产量及养分利用的影响。结果表明,有机肥替减化肥能够促进甘蓝叶球生长,有机肥替代50%化肥处理叶球质量和叶球紧实度均高于其他施肥处理。有机肥替代50%化肥的施肥处理产量最高,达到3 824.13 kg/hm2,显著高于有机肥替代25%化肥、有机肥替代100%化肥、习惯施肥和不施肥处理,但与推荐施肥处理相比较无显著差异。有机肥替代50%化肥、有机肥替代25%化肥的施肥处理分别具有较高的氮肥、磷肥利用效率,其分别为40.82%、30.82%。与习惯施肥相比,有机肥替代50%化肥的施肥处理甘蓝对氮肥利用效率增加了13.14个百分点。综合甘蓝产量和养分利用效率,推荐有机肥替代50%化肥作为闽南赤红壤菜-稻轮作区甘蓝生产中有机肥替减化肥的施用量。

关键词: 菜-稻轮作, 化肥减施, 有机肥, 甘蓝, 产量, 养分利用

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of fertilizer utilization,the cabbage breed Zhonggan 8 was taken as the test material,and field experiments were carried out in the vegetable‑rice rotation area in southern Fujian with five fertilization treatments(customary fertilization,recommended fertilization,organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer,organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer,organic manure substitution of 100% fertilizer) and no fertilization treatment(control,CK).The effects of different treatments on yield and nutrient utilization of cabbage were studied.The results showed that substitution of organic manure for fertilizer could promote the growth of cabbage ball.The weight and compactness of cabbage ball in organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Through the analysis of cabbage yield under different fertilization treatments,the highest yield was 3 824.13 kg/ha in the treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer,which was significantly higher than that in the treatment of organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer,organic manure substitution of 100% fertilizer,customary fertilization and no fertilization,but compared with the recommended fertilization treatment there was no significant difference.The treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer and the treatment of organic manure substitution of 25% fertilizer had higher nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates,which were 40.82% and 30.82% respectively.Compared with the customary fertilization,the treatment of organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer increased the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of cabbage by 13.14 percentage point.By comprehensive analysis of cabbage yield and nutrient utilization efficiency,organic manure substitution of 50% fertilizer is recommended as the application amount in cabbage production of vegetable and rice rotation in the lateritic red soil of southern Fujian Province.

Key words: Vegetable?rice rotation, Fertilizer substitution, Organic manure, Cabbage, Yield, Nutrient utilization

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