河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (8): 18-25.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.08.003

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

2 种基因型小麦间作对籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

赵立尚1,王香生2,高楠楠2,韩鹏彬2,李杰3,任永哲2,林同保2,王志强2,连延浩2   

  1. (1.驻马店市农业科学院,河南 驻马店 463000;2.河南农业大学 农学院,河南 郑州 450046;3.信阳农林学院 农学院,河南 信阳 464000)
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-07 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 连延浩(1988-),男,河南新郑人,讲师,博士,主要从事小麦绿色高效栽培研究。E-mail:lianyanhao@live.com
  • 作者简介:赵立尚(1978-),男,河南新蔡人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事小麦育种和栽培研究。E-mail:lishang158@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(202102110025);河南省自然科学基金项目(202300410023)

Effects of Intercropping of Two Genotypes of Wheat on Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield

ZHAO Lishang1,WANG Xiangsheng2,GAO Nanan2,HAN Pengbin2,LI Jie3,REN Yongzhe2,LIN Tongbao2,WANG Zhiqiang2,LIAN Yanhao2   

  1. (1.Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian 463000,China;2.College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;3.College of Agronomy,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,China)
  • Received:2023-02-07 Published:2023-08-15 Online:2023-08-29

摘要: 为探明普通小麦和彩色小麦的间作效应,采用大田试验,以普通小麦单作(W)和彩色小麦单作(H)为对照,设置普通小麦和彩色小麦间作处理(W||H),探究了间作处理对不同基因型小麦籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响。结果表明,相较于单作处理,间作处理彩色小麦花后25 d旗叶SPAD值和净光合速率显著提高,进而花后30~35 d籽粒干物质积累量提高,千粒质量和单穗粒质量分别显著提高4.9% 和15.2%;间作处理彩色小麦籽粒灌浆持续期和有效灌浆持续期分别增加了1.90 d和1.06 d,普通小麦则分别降低了2.89 d和1.08 d。间作处理总穗数和产量分别较彩色小麦单作处理显著提高8.5%和15.1%,较普通小麦单作处理分别显著降低4.7%和21.5%,间作处理土地当量比为0.91。相关性分析结果表明,产量与籽粒理论最大粒质量和有效灌浆持续期均呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.891和0.920。综合分析认为,彩色小麦与普通小麦间作有助于改善其生育后期的光合及灌浆特性,具有间作优势。

关键词: 小麦, 基因型, 间作, 光合特性, 籽粒灌浆特性, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the intercropping effect between common wheat and colored wheat,a field experiment was conducted. Common wheat monoculture(W)and colored wheat monoculture(H)were used as controls,and intercropping treatment between common wheat and colored wheat(W||H)was set up to investigate the effect of intercropping on the grain filling characteristics and yield of different genotypes of wheat. The results showed that,compared with monoculture treatment,the SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves of colored wheat of intercropping treatment significantly increased at 25 days after flowering,which further increased the accumulation of grain dry matter at 30—35 days after  flowering,and 1 000‑grain weight and grain weight per ear significantly increased by 4.9% and 15.2%,respectively;grain filling duration and effective filling duration of intercropping treatment increased by 1.90 d and 1.06 d for colored wheat,and decreased by 2.89 d and 1.08 d for common wheat,respectively.The total ear number and yield of intercropping treatment significantly increased by 8.5%and 15.1% compared with colored wheat monoculture treatment,and significantly decreased by 4.7%and 21.5% compared with common wheat monoculture treatment,respectively.The land equivalent ratio of intercropping treatment was 0.91.Correlation analysis showed that yield was positively correlated with theoretical maximum grain weight and effective filling duration,and the correlation coefficients were 0.891 and 0.920,respectively.Overall,intercropping between colored wheat and common wheat can improve photosynthetic and grain filling characteristics of colored wheat,which has intercropping advantages.

Key words: Wheat, Genotype, Intercropping, Photosynthetic characteristics, Grain filling characteristics, Yield

中图分类号: