关键词: 含氯化肥, 土壤质地, 水溶性盐, 水溶性钙, 土壤机械组成, 产量

Abstract: In order to study the effects of chlorine⁃containing fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yield in different soil textures，the effects of 15% chlorine⁃containing fertilizer（T1）and 30% chlorine⁃containing fertilizer（T2）on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of wheat and maize in three soil textures（sand，loam and clay） were studied for five consecutive years with chlorine⁃free fertilizer as control（CK）.The results showed that the pH values of T1 and T2 treatments in 0—20 cm soil layer and T2 treatment in 40—60 cm soil layer of loam were significantly lower than CK，and the pH values of T1 and T2 treatments in 20—40 cm soil layer of clay were significantly lower than CK.The chloride ion content of T2 treatment in 0—20，20—40 and 40—60 cm soil layers of sand and clay was significantly higher than CK.The water⁃soluble salt content of T2 treatment in 40—60 cm soil layer of sand was significantly lower than CK，and the water⁃soluble salt content in 0—20，40—60 cm soil layers of loam and 0—20，20—40 cm soil layers of clay increased with the increase of chlorine fertilizer.The water⁃soluble calcium content of T1 and T2 in 0—20 cm soil layer of sand and 40—60 cm soil layer of loam was significantly lower than CK，and the water⁃soluble calcium content of T1 and T2 in 20—40 cm soil layer of loam and 0—20 and 40—60 cm soil layers of clay was significantly higher than CK.For the proportion of>0.05 mm soil particles，T1 treatment in 0—20 and 40—60 cm soil layers of sand and T2 treatment in 20—40 cm soil layer of loam were significantly higher than CK，while T1 and T2 treatments in 0—20 cm soil layer of loam were significantly lower than CK；For the proportion of 0.05—0.001 mm soil particles，T1 treatment in 0—20 and 40—60 cm soil layers of sand，T2 treatment in 20—40 cm soil layer of loam and T1 and T2 treatment in 40—60 cm soil layer of clay decreased significantly compared with CK in the same soil layer；For the proportion of soil particles≤0.001 mm，T1 treatment in 0—20 cm soil layer of loam and T2 treatment in 40—60 cm soil layer of clay were significantly higher than CK，while T2 treatments in 20—40 cm and T1 and T2 treatments in 40—60 cm soil layers of loam and T2 treatment in 0—20 cm soil layer of clay were significantly lower than CK.The application of chlorine⁃containing fertilizers for three consecutive years in the three soil textures had no significant effect on wheat yield，but in the fourth year，the sand T2 treatment decreased by 5.32%，the loam T1 and T2 treatments decreased by 7.61% and 7.13%，respectively，and the clay T2 decreased by 1.77%.The effect of chlorine⁃containing fertilizer treatment on maize yield was relatively smaller，only the sand T2 treatment decreased the yield by 5.20% and 7.08% in the fourth and fifth years，respectively.Continuous application of chlorine⁃containing fertilizers is not recommended to exceed three years.

Key words: Chlorine?containing fertilizer, Soil texture, Water?soluble salt, Water?soluble calcium, Soil mechanical composition, Yield