河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 151-161.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.02.017

• 农业信息与工程·农产品加工 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于AquaCrop 模型的河南省冬小麦灌溉制度优化研究

戎亚思1,2,李国强2,3,张杰2,3,张建涛2,3,王猛2,3,郑国清2,3,冯伟1   

  1. (1.河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室,河南 郑州 450046;2.河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所/河南省智慧农业工程技术研究中心,河南 郑州 450002;3.农业农村部黄淮海智慧农业技术重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002)
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-10 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 李国强(1984-),男,河南林州人,研究员,博士,主要从事精准农业与作物系统模拟研究。E-mail:gqli@hnagri.org.cn 冯伟(1976-),男,河南正阳人,研究员,博士,主要从事小麦高产栽培与农业遥感应用研究。E-mail:fengwei78@126.com
  • 作者简介:戎亚思(1994-),女,河南开封人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:小麦生理生态。E-mail:rongyasi2020@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重大科技专项(221100110700,221100110800);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(212102110255,222102110142);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2022ZC52)

Irrigation Strategies Optimization for Winter Wheat in Henan Province Based on AquaCrop Model

RONG Yasi1,2,LI Guoqiang2,3,ZHANG Jie2,3,ZHANG Jiantao2,3,WANG Meng2,3,ZHENG Guoqing2,3,FENG Wei1   

  1. (1.College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science,Zhengzhou 450046,China;2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Intelligent Agriculture,Zhengzhou 450002,China;3.Key Laboratory of Huang‑Huai‑Hai Smart Agricultural Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2022-11-10 Published:2023-02-15 Online:2023-04-03

摘要: 为验证AquaCrop模型在河南省的适用性,并探讨冬小麦最优灌溉制度,分别于2016—2018年和2019—2020年,在河南周口进行冬小麦不同灌水频次田间试验,先后校准AquaCrop模型参数和独立验证模型模拟效果,并利用验证后的AquaCrop模型,分析不同降雨年型条件下16种灌溉情景对冬小麦耗水量、蒸腾量、籽粒产量、水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率的影响。结果表明,冬小麦冠层覆盖度模拟 值与实测值的决定系数(R2)介于0.84~0.94,一致性指数(d)介于0.93~0.98,均方根误差(RMSE)介于4.7%~9.4%。冬小麦生物量模拟值与实测值的R2 介于0.94~0.95,d介于0.93~0.98,RMSE介于2.1~2.2 t/hm2。冬小麦籽粒产量、水分利用效率模拟值与实测值的相对误差(RE)均在10%以内。以籽粒产量和水分利用效率最高为目标,冬小麦的最优灌溉方案为:于干旱年拔节期、开花期和灌浆期,每次灌水75 mm;于平水年拔节期和开花期,每次灌水75 mm;于丰水年拔节期灌水75 mm。

关键词: 冬小麦, AquaCrop模型, 降雨年型, 灌溉制度, 河南省, 产量, 水分利用效率

Abstract: Crop simulation models are practical tools for assessing and developing irrigation strategies.In this study,the AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated for wheat in Henan province.The validated model was then applied to investigate the effect of variable irrigation strategies on wheat yield.The model calibration was performed on field experiments at Zhoukou of Henan Province during the 2016—2018 growing season.Afterward,the validation was done on field experiments during the 2019—2020 growing season.After accurate calibration and validation of the AquaCrop model,the effects of 16 irrigation scenarios on water consumption,transpiration,grain yield,water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of winter wheat under different rainfall year types were analyzed.The results showed that various parameters affecting canopy cover and grain yield had been calibrated based on the comparison between measurements and the results of simulations.The results of canopy cover such as R2,d,and RMSE were 0.84 to 0.94,0.93 to 0.98,and 4.7% to 9.4%,respectively.The reliability indices of biomass were 0.94―0.95,0.93―0.98,and 2.1―2.2 t/ha,respectively.Moreover,the RE of yield and water use efficiency was lower than 10%,respectively.The various simulations(irrigation scenarios)showed that the optimal irrigation strategies achieved the maximum grain yield and water use efficiency in different rainfall patterns.In dry years,225 mm of irrigation water was applied at the jointing,flowering,and grain‑filling stages.In normal years,150 mm of irrigation water was applied at the jointing and flowering stages. In wet years,75 mm of irrigation water was applied at the jointing stage.

Key words: Winter wheat, AquaCrop model, Rainfall patterns, Irrigation strategies, Henan Province, Yield, Water use efficiency