牡丹根腐病病株和健株根内微生物菌群的差异

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.11.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为有效防控牡丹根腐病，采用Illumina MiSeq 测序技术对牡丹健康及患病植株根部样本中细菌16S rRNA 基因V5—V7 可变区、真菌ITS 基因进行高通量测序分析，以明确牡丹根腐病发病植株和健株根部组织中细菌、真菌菌群结构差异，解析牡丹根腐病的发生机制。结果表明，与健株相比，患病植株中细菌和真菌群落丰富度均降低；真菌种群多样性显著降低，但细菌种群多样性差异不大。细菌优势菌的相对丰度在门、属水平上发生了变化，与健株相比，患病植株中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）相对丰度明显增加，增加了34.03个百分点，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度明显降低，降低了65.00个百分点；在属水平上，链霉菌属（Streptomyces）和固醇杆菌属（Steroidobacter）细菌相对丰度增加，分别增加了3.56、0.38个百分点，而假诺卡氏菌属（Pseudonocardia）细菌相对丰度明显降低，其降低幅度为13.42个百分点。真菌优势菌的相对丰度在在门、属水平上也发生了显著变化，与健株相比，患病植株中担子菌门（Basidiomycota）相对丰度明显增加，增加了9.21个百分点，子囊菌门（Ascomycota）相对丰度明显降低，降低了1.61 个百分点；Hymenula 和Dactylonectria 属相对丰度显著增加，增加了30.71、11.69 个百分点，Unclassified-p-Ascomycota 和外瓶霉属（Exophiala）真菌相对丰度明显降低，其降低幅度分别为18.28、4.41 个百分点；同时推测病株样本中独有的真菌属如Kurtzmanomyces、Unclassified_f__Nectriaceae 和Unclassified_o__Hypocreales可能与牡丹根腐病的发生关系密切。真菌功能类群预测结果表明，患病植株中与植物病原菌相关的类群及腐生菌类群显著高于健株。综上，牡丹根腐病改变了牡丹病株根部组织中细菌和真菌的菌群结构，尤其是发病根部组织中与植物病原菌相关的真菌种群相对丰度显著高于健康组织。

关键词: 牡丹, 根腐病, 高通量测序, 细菌菌群结构, 真菌菌群结构

Abstract: In order to effectively prevent and control tree peony root rot，Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used to conduct high‑throughput sequencing analysis of the V5—V7 variable region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS gene in healthy and diseased tree peony root samples，so as to clarify the structural differences of bacterial and fungal flora in the root tissues of diseased plants and healthy plants of tree peony，and analyze the occurrence mechanism of tree peony root rot.The results showed that the abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in diseased plants was significantly lower than that in healthy plants. The diversity of fungal population was significantly decreased，but the diversity of bacterial population was not significantly different. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria changed at the levels of phyla and genus.Compared with healthy plants，the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in diseased plants significantly increased by 34.03 percentage points，while that of Firmicutes significantly decreased by 65.00 percentage points. At the genus level，the relative abundance of Streptomyces and Steroidobacter increased by 3.56 and 0.38 percentage points respectively，while that of Pseudonocardia decreased by 13.42 percentage points. The relative abundance of dominant fungi also changed significantly at the phyla and genus levels. Compared with healthy plants，the relative abundance of Basidiomycota in diseased plants increased significantly，with an increase of 9.21 percentage points，while the relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased significantly，with a decrease of 1.61 percentage points.The relative abundance of Hymenula and Dactylectria was significantly increased by 30.71 and 11.69 percentage points，respectively.The relative abundance of Unclassified‑p‑Ascomycota and Exophiala fungi was significantly decreased by 18.28 and 4.41 percentage points，respectively.At the same time，it was speculated that the unique fungus genera in the diseased samples，such as Kurtzmanomyces，Unclassified_f__Nectriaceae and Unclassified_o__Hypocreales might be closely related to the occurrence of tree peony root rot.The prediction results of fungal functional groups showed that the groups related to plant pathogens and saprotrophs in diseased plants were significantly higher than those in healthy plants.To sum up，tree peony root rot changes the bacterial and fungal flora structure in the root tissues of tree peony plants，especially the abundance of fungi related to plant pathogens in the diseased root tissues is significantly higher than that in healthy tissues.

Key words: Paeonia suffruticosa, Root rot disease, High?throughput sequencing, Bacterial community structure, Fungal community structure

中图分类号:

S436.8

姬俊华, 杨瑞先, 刘萍, 王奥一, 李静宜, 孙高峰, 何艳红, 杜凡. 牡丹根腐病病株和健株根内微生物菌群的差异[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(11): 98-108.

JI Junhua, YANG Ruixian, LIU Ping, WANG Aoyi, LI Jingyi, SUN Gaofeng, HE Yanhong, DU Fan. Differences of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in the Root Tissues of Healthy and Root Rot‑Diseased Tree Peony[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 51(11): 98-108.

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