Abstract: Sixteen sorghum germplasms were evaluated for their agronomic and quality traits in the arid region of Longdong using diversity index，correlation analysis，and principal component analysis，so as to screen the suitable germplasms for cultivation and provide a basis for germplasm utilization and cultivar breeding.The results showed that agronomic traits and yield were significantly different among different germplasms. Yield ranged from 7.96 to 10.60 t/ha，with Jinchangzao A/8385 having the highest yield，and 3148A/PSR1 having the lowest yield. Plant height ranged from 131.67 to 189.67 cm，stem diameter ranged from 10.81 to 22.44 mm，panicle length ranged from 26.90 to 39.13 cm，panicle weight ranged from 93.33 to 186.00 g，grain weight per panicle ranged from 76.33 to 156.33 g，and 1 000⁃grain weight ranged from 22.90 to 36.73 g.Quality traits were also significantly different among different germplasms.The protein content ranged from 7.75% to 10.47%，fat content ranged from 2.30% to 4.09%，starch content ranged from 57.87% to 76.01%，and tannin content ranged from 0.37% to 1.46%. Protein content，yield，and panicle length displayed relatively high variation coefficients，whereas tannin content showed the lowest genetic diversity index. Plant height was significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with 1 000⁃grain weight，panicle weight，grain weight per panicle，and yield.Highly significantly positive correlations were detected among 1 000⁃grain weight，panicle weight，grain weight per panicle，and yield.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the top four principal components reached 80.51%.Among all germplasms，the comprehensive scores of LNHA/866，YuanA/15734R，and 6A/8801 ranked the top three.Overall，LNHA/866，YuanA/15734R，6A/8801 have superior traits in the Longdong region.

Key words: Sorghum, Traits, Yield, Quality, Principal component analysis, Arid region of Longdong

摘要： 以16份高粱种质为试验材料，采用多样性指数、相关性分析、主成分分析等方法对其在陇东旱作区的农艺性状和品质性状进行分析和综合评价，以期筛选出适宜种植的种质，为优质种质资源的利用及新品种选育提供依据。结果表明，供试高粱种质农艺性状、产量间差异显著，其中，产量介于7.96~10.60 t/hm²，以晋长早A/8385产量最高，3148A/PSR1最低；株高介于131.67~189.67 cm，茎粗介于10.81~22.44 mm，穗长介于26.90~39.13 cm，穗质量介于93.33~186.00 g，穗粒质量介于76.33~156.33 g，千粒质量介于22.90~36.73 g。品质性状间差异也显著，其中，蛋白质含量介于7.75%~10.47%，脂肪含量介于2.30%~4.09%，淀粉含量介于57.87%~76.01%，单宁含量介于0.37%~1.46%。蛋白质含量、产量、穗长的变异系数较大；单宁含量的遗传多样性指数最低。株高与千粒质量、穗质量、穗粒质量、产量均呈显著或极显著正相关，千粒质量、穗质量、穗粒质量、产量间均呈极显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明，前4个主成分的累计贡献率达80.51%，LNHA/866、原A/15734R、6A/8801综合得分排名前3位。综上分析得出，在陇东旱作区LNHA/866、原A/15734、6A/8801等种质综合性状较优。

关键词: 高粱, 性状, 产量, 品质, 主成分分析, 陇东旱作区