Genetic Dissection of Dwarf Genes in Varieties（Lines）Derived from Core Wheat Parent Zhou 8425B

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.003

Abstract

Abstract: In this study，219 wheat varieties（lines）derived from Zhou 8425B were used as test materials，and the molecular markers of four main dwarf genes［reduced height 1（Rht1），Rht2，Rht8 and Rht24］were used to detect them to determine the distribution，combination type and influence of the dwarf genes on plant height and yield related traits of wheat，so as to lay the foundation for the continuous genetic research of core wheat parent Zhou 8425B and the application of molecular marker‑assisted selection for dwarf genes in wheat.The results showed that the distribution frequencies of dwarf genes Rht1，Rht2，Rht8 and Rht24 were 94.52%，100.00%，42.00% and 97.26% in varieties（lines）derived from Zhou 8425B，respectively.Among the 219 samples，the type of single dwarf gene wasn’t found；instead，various dwarf genes were found to coexist in combination. There were seven combination types for the four dwarf genes，namely Rht1+Rht2，Rht2+Rht8，Rht2+Rht24，Rht1+Rht2+Rht8，Rht1+Rht2+Rht24，Rht2+Rth8+Rth24 and Rth1+Rth2+Rth8+Rth24.The frequency of Rht1+Rht2+Rht24 was the highest with 53.42%，and the frequency of Rht2+Rht8 was the lowest with 0.46%.For single dwarf gene，Rht8 had the strongest culm reduction effect，while Rht1 had the weakest；for dwarf gene combination，Rht1+Rht2 combination had the strongest culm reduction effect，while Rht1+Rht2+Rht8 combination had the weakest. For single dwarf gene，Rht2 genotype had the highest yield，with plant height of 77.38 cm；the yield of Rht8 genotype was the lowest，with plant height of 76.71 cm. For dwarf gene combination，Rht2+Rht8 combination had the highest yield，with plant height of 78.21 cm；the combination of Rht1+Rht2 had the lowest yield，with plant height of 75.85 cm.The results of correlation analysis between yield‑related traits and four dwarf genes showed that，in a certain range，proper increase of plant height was beneficial to the increase of plant biomass，harvest index and yield.Three wheat materials with higher yields were selected，including Zhengmai 103，Cunmai 13 and Zhongyu 1220，with plant heights of 82.79 cm，78.71 cm and 82.50 cm，respectively，and their dwarf gene combination was all Rht1+Rht2+Rht24.

Key words: Wheat, Dwarf gene, Plant height, Zhou 8425B, Derived varieties（lines）, Genetic dissection, Yield

摘要： 利用4 个主要矮秆基因［Rht1（Reduced height 1）、Rht2、Rht8 和Rht24］的分子标记对219 个周8425B衍生品种（系）进行检测，研究矮秆基因分布、组合类型及其对小麦株高、产量相关性状的影响，为骨干亲本周8425B的持续遗传研究、小麦矮秆基因分子标记辅助选择育种的利用奠定基础。结果表明，矮秆基因Rht1、Rht2、Rht8 和Rht24 在周8425B 衍生品种（系）中的分布频率分别为94.52%、100.00%、42.01%和97.26%。在219份材料中，没有发现单独存在某一矮秆基因的类型，各矮秆基因均以组合形式存在，4 个矮秆基因的组合类型共有7 种，分别为Rht1+Rht2、Rht2+Rht8、Rht2+Rht24、Rht1+Rht2+Rht8、Rht1+Rht2+Rht24、Rht2+Rht8+Rht24 和Rht1+Rht2+Rht8+Rht24，以Rht1+Rht2+Rht24 组合分布频率最高，为53.42%；Rht2+Rht8 组合分布频率最低，为0.46%。对于单个矮秆基因，Rht8基因的降秆作用最强，Rht1基因最弱；对于矮秆基因组合，Rht1+Rht2 组合降秆作用最强，Rht1+Rht2+Rht8 组合最弱。对于单个矮秆基因，Rht2基因型小麦产量最高，株高为77.38 cm；Rht8 基因型小麦产量最低，株高为76.71 cm。对于矮秆基因组合，Rht2+Rht8 组合产量最高，株高为78.21 cm；Rht1+Rht2 组合产量最低，株高为75.85 cm。产量相关性状与4个矮秆基因的相关性分析结果表明，在一定范围内，适当提升株高有利于提高植株的生物量，增加收获指数，实现产量增加。筛选出3份产量较高的小麦材料，分别是郑麦103、存麦13和中育1220，其株高分别为82.79 cm、78.71 cm和82.50 cm，矮秆基因组合均为Rht1+Rht2+Rht24。

关键词: 小麦, 矮秆基因, 株高, 周8425B, 衍生品种（系）, 遗传解析, 产量

CLC Number:

S512

LI Xiaode, YANG Yuxin, ZHU Chenjia, LI Yujia, CHEN Shulin, YIN Guihong, DONG Chunhao, WANG Daowen, ZHANG Kunpu. Genetic Dissection of Dwarf Genes in Varieties（Lines）Derived from Core Wheat Parent Zhou 8425B[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(7): 21-27.

李晓德, 杨宇昕, 朱宸甲, 李俣佳, 陈树林, 殷贵鸿, 董纯豪, 王道文, 张坤普. 小麦骨干亲本周8425B 矮秆基因在其衍生品种（系）中的遗传解析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(7): 21-27.

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