河南农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 100-110.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.08.011

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米氧化锌促进苹果砧木M26不定根的形成

万然1,2,张津铭1,2,刘俊1,2,张梦喜1,2,董敖1,2,王晓婧1,2,乔明3,史江莉1,2,郑先波1,2
  

  1. (1.河南农业大学 园艺学院,河南 郑州 450046; 2.河南省苹果种质创新与利用工程研究中心,河南 郑州 450046;3.河南省泌阳县林业局,河南 泌阳 463700)
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-10 接受日期:2026-01-29 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 史江莉,教授,博士,主要从事果树分子生物学、果实采后贮藏技术及机理研究。E-mail:sjli30@henau.edu.cn
                     郑先波,教授,博士,主要从事果树新品种选育和轻简化栽培研究。E-mail:xbzheng@henau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:万然,副教授,博士,主要从事果树生长发育及分子育种等研究。E-mail:wanxayl@henau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目(252102110182);河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HARS-22-09-G3)

Nano‐ZnO Promotes Adventitious Root Formation of Apple Stock M26

Wan Ran1,2,Zhang Jinming1,2,Liu Jun1,2,Zhang Mengxi1,2,Dong Ao1,2,Wang Xiaojing1,2,Qiao Ming3,Shi Jiangli1,2,Zheng Xianbo1,2   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture,Hennan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;2.Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology of Germplasm Innovation and Utilisation of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China;3.Forestry Bureau of Biyang County of Henan Province,Biyang 463700,China)
  • Received:2025-12-10 Accepted:2026-01-29 Published:2026-08-15 Online:2026-08-25

摘要: 探究纳米氧化锌颗粒(ZnO NPs)对苹果砧木M26不定根形成的促进作用,为苹果苗木高效组培快繁提供新策略。以苹果砧木M26组培苗为材料,设置不同纳米材料处理组(ZnO NPs、TiO2 NPs、WO3NPs、Fe3O4 NPs和Fe2O3 NPs等)和常规IBA生根培养基对照组(CK),通过表型观察、生理生化指标检测及相关基因表达分析,系统研究ZnO NPs对其不定根形成的影响。结果表明,ZnO NPs处理显著提高了M26的生根率、根长和根表面积,并促进了组培苗生物量的积累。此外,ZnO NPs增强了叶绿素合成和Zn、K等元素的吸收,Zn含量在地上部和地下部分别提高12.4倍和6.5倍,K含量也分别提高16.4%和9.0%,同时生长素途径基因(如MdAUX1)在6 d内显著上调,转录因子基因(如MdLBD16MdWOX5)分别上调至CK的1.3倍和1.8倍,负调控因子MdTCP17的表达在处理后2~6 d则显著下调。ZnO NPs通过促进营养吸收、增强光合作用及调控关键基因表达,显著促进了苹果砧木M26不定根的形成。

关键词: 苹果, 砧木, 纳米氧化锌, 不定根, 生长素

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)on adventitious root formation in apple rootstock M26,so as to provide a novel strategy for efficient tissue culture‐based rapid propagation of apple seedlings.Using tissue‐cultured seedlings of apple rootstock M26 as the experimental material,different nanomaterial treatment groups(ZnO NPs,TiO NPs,etc.)and a conventional IBA rooting medium as control group(CK)were established. Through phenotypic observation,physiological and biochemical index measurements,and the related gene expression analysis,the effects of ZnO NPs on adventitious root formation were systematically studied.The results showed that ZnO NPs treatment significantly improved the rooting rate,root length,and root surface area of M26,while also promoting biomass accumulation in tissue‐cultured seedlings.Additionally,ZnO NPs enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and the uptake of Zn and K.For instance,Zn content increased by approximately 12.4‐fold in shoots and 6.5‐fold in roots,while K content increased by 16.4% and 9.0%,respectively. Furthermore,auxin pathway genes(MdAUX1) were significantly upregulated at 6 d,while transcription factor genes(MdLBD16MdWOX5)were upregulated to 1.3‐ and 1.8‐fold of the CK level,respectively,whereas the negative regulator MdTCP17 was significantly downregulated during 2—6 d post treatment.ZnO NPs significantly promoted adventitious root formation in apple rootstock M26 by improving nutrient uptake,enhancing photosynthesis,and modulating the expression of key genes.

Key words: Apple, Rootstock, ZnO NPs, Adventitious roots, Auxin

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