河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 172-180.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.019

• 农业信息与工程·农产品加工 • 上一篇    下一篇

L-叔亮氨酸对嘎啦苹果品质和贮藏性的影响

张四普1,周千千2,崔巍1,张柯1,韩立新3,瞿振芳3,鲁云风4,唐存多4,牛佳佳1   

  1. (1.河南省农业科学院园艺研究所,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南农业大学园艺学院,河南 郑州 450002;3.三门峡市农业科学研究院,河南三门峡472000;4.南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院,河南 南阳 473061)
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-10 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 牛佳佳(1981-),女,河南安阳人,副研究员,博士,主要从事果品贮藏加工研究。E-mail:50817645@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张四普(1973-),男,河南扶沟人,副研究员,博士,主要从事果品贮藏加工研究。E-mail:spz3554101@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省大宗水果产业技术体系项目(HARS-22-09-G4)

Effects of L‐tert‐leucine on Quality and Storage of Gala Apple

ZHANG Sipu1,ZHOU Qianqian2,CUI Wei1,ZHANG Ke1,HAN Lixin3,QU Zhenfang3,LU Yunfeng4,TANG Cunduo4,NIU Jiajia1   

  1. (1.Institute of Horticulture,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.College of
    Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;3.Sanmanxia Academy of Agriculture Sciences,
    Sanmenxia 472000,China;4.College of Life Sciences and Agricultural Engineering,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang
    473061,China)
  • Received:2023-08-10 Published:2023-12-15 Online:2024-01-05

摘要: 为提高嘎啦苹果的品质和贮藏性,于果实发育期3次叶面喷施外源L-叔亮氨酸,喷施质量浓度分别为0(对照,CK)、50、100、500、1 000、5 000 mg/L,探究不同质量浓度L-叔亮氨酸对嘎啦苹果采收品质和(0±1)℃低温贮藏的影响,于贮藏0、15、30、45、60、75 d进行果实硬度、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、可滴定酸(TA)含量、可溶性蛋白含量、游离氨基酸含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性测定。结果表明,叶面喷施外源L-叔亮氨酸能显著促进嘎啦苹果黄色着色和亮度增加,不同程度提高果实硬度、TSS含量、TA含量、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量,500 mg/L处理可显著增加单果质量(247.58 g),较对照(228.55 g)增加8.3%;各处理均有利于冷藏期间果实硬度、TSS含量、可溶性蛋白含量
的维持,抑制嘎啦苹果冷藏期间TA含量下降及游离氨基酸的升高,使嘎啦苹果果实保持较低的POD活性和较高的SOD活性。贮藏75 d时,50 mg/L处理TA含量(4.69 g/L)最高,100 mg/L处理硬度(7.13 kg/cm2)最高,1 000 mg/L处理游离氨基酸含量(1 248.1 mg/kg)最低,500 mg/L L-叔亮氨酸处理的嘎啦果肉未软化,可溶性蛋白含量(116.7 mg/kg)、SOD活性[29.64 U(/min·g)]最高,POD活性[8.09 U(/min·g)]最低,游离氨基酸含量(1 940.0 mg/kg)、硬度(6.74 kg/cm2)、TSS含量(15.20%)、TA含量(4.65 g/L)均显著优于对照。综上,果实发育期多次进行500 mg/L L-叔亮氨酸喷施处理,可显著提高嘎啦苹果的采收品质和贮藏性。

关键词: 嘎啦苹果, L-叔亮氨酸, 果实品质, 低温贮藏, 贮藏性

Abstract: In order to improve the quality and storage of Gala apples,exogenous L‐tert leucine was sprayed on the leaf for three times during the fruit development period,with concentrations of 0(water,control),50,100,500,1 000,and 5 000 mg/L,respectively.The effects of L‐tert‐leucine concentration on harvest quality and low temperature storage at(0±1)℃ of Galala apple were investigated.The fruit hardness,total soluble solid(TSS)content,titratable acid(TA)content,soluble protein content,free amino acid content,peroxidase(POD)activity,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were determined respectively.The results showed that foliar spraying of exogenous L‐tert leucine significantly promoted the yellowing color and brightness of Gala apple fruits,and increased fruit hardness,TSS content,TA content,soluble protein and free amino acid content to varying degrees. The treatment with concentration of 500 mg/L significantly increased the single fruit weight(247.58 g),which was 8.3% higher than the control(228.55 g).All treatments were beneficial to the maintenance of fruit firmness,TSS content and soluble soluble protein content,inhibited the decrease of TA content,and the increase of free amino acids,and lower POD activity and higher SOD activity were maintained during cold storage of Gala apple.After 75 days of storage,the 50 mg/L treatment had the highest TA content(4.69 g/L),the 100 mg/L treatment had the highest hardness(7.13 kg/cm2)and the 1 000 mg/L treatment had the lowest free amino acid content(1 248.1 mg/kg).The 500 mg/L L‐tert leucine treatment had no soften fruit flesh,the soluble protein content(116.7 mg/kg)and SOD activity[29.64 U(/min·g)]were the highest,POD activity[8.09 U(/min·g)]was the lowest,and free amino acid content(1 940.0 mg/kg),hardness(6.74 kg/cm2),TSS content(15.20%),and TA content(4.65 g/L)were significantly better than the control.In summary,multiple applications of 500 mg/L L‐tert leucine during fruit development could significantly improve the harvesting quality and storage capacity of Gala apple.

Key words: Gala apple, L‐tert‐leucine, Fruit quality, Low temperature storage, Storage property

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