关键词: 香菇, 外源硒, 金属元素, 相关性分析, 风险评估

Abstract: To investigate the effects of exogenous selenium on the selenium accumulation characteristics and metal element accumulation in the fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes，two L.edodes varieties，Xiangyang No.2 and Bihua No.1，were used as experimental subjects. A mass fraction gradient of 0—40 mg/kg of exogenous selenium was applied，and the content of selenium，essential metal elements（zinc，iron，manganese，copper，chromium，and nickel），as well as toxic elements（cadmium，arsenic，lead，and mercury）in the fruiting bodies was determined.Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were employed to elucidate the interactions between these elements. Dietary exposure risks were assessed based on estimated daily intake（EDI）and health risk indices（HRI）.The results showed that there was a significant linear positive correlation between the accumulation of selenium in fruiting bodies and the amount of exogenous selenium addition（R²≥0. 985），and the bio‑concentration factors were all >3.10.When the addition amount was 40 mg/kg，the accumulation of selenium in fruiting bodies reached 147.42 mg/kg（Xiangyang No.2）and 124.22 mg/kg（Bihua No.1），respectively.The basic accumulation level of zinc，iron and manganese in the fruiting body of L. edodes was higher. Exogenous selenium significantly increased the accumulation of copper in the fruiting body of Xiangyang No.2，and significantly reduced the accumulation of manganese in the fruiting body of Bihua No.1.Additionally，the nickel accumulation in Xiangyang No.2 fruiting bodies showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing of selenium addition.When the exogenous selenium addition was ≤2 mg/kg，the accumulation of arsenic and lead in fruiting bodies decreased significantly.When the addition was ≥6 mg/kg，the accumulation of mercury in fruiting bodies decreased with the increase of exogenous selenium addition（decreased by 20.00%—95.00%）.Element interaction analysis showed that selenium was positively correlated with chromium at the 0. 001 level（r=0.78），and negatively correlated with mercury at the 0.001 level（r=-0.73）.Health risk assessment indicated that when the exogenous selenium addition was ≤2 mg/kg，the HRI of selenium in the fruiting bodies was <1，which met the safety threshold.The HRIs of essential metal elements were ≤0.164，and the HRIs of toxic elements were <1.The risk order was arsenic>cadmium>lead≈mercury. In summary，appropriate amount of exogenous selenium（≤2 mg/kg）can not only achieve high‑efficiency selenium biofortification of L.edodes，synergistically regulate the balance of essential metal elements，but also significantly inhibit the accumulation of some toxic elements，thus effectively ensuring the edible safety and nutritional value of selenium‑enriched L.edodes.

Key words: Lentinula edodes, Exogenous selenium, Metal element, Correlation analysis, Risk assessment