施氮量对糜子生物量及碳、氮、磷化学计量的特征的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.07.004

河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7): 31-41.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.07.004

施氮量对糜子生物量及碳、氮、磷化学计量的特征的影响

马海曌^1,2，谢呈辉³，徐郗阳^1,2，冯永忠^1,2，黄贵斌⁴，孔德杰⁵，高鹏飞^1,2，梅志坤^1,2，任广鑫^1,2

（1.西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100；2.陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心，陕西杨凌 712100；3.宁陕县农业技术推广站，陕西宁陕 711600；4.宁夏农林科学院固原分院，宁夏固原 756000；5.宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心，宁夏银川 750002）

收稿日期:2022-01-24 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-09-09
通讯作者: 任广鑫（1969-），男，甘肃庆阳人，副教授，博士，主要从事农业生态、农业区域发展和循环农业研究。E-mail：rengx@nwsuaf.edu.cn
作者简介:马海曌（1996-），女，山西晋中人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：杂粮栽培。E-mail：ma_haizhao@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大（重点）项目（2019BBF02007）；陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心项目（2019HBGC-13）

Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Biomass and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon，Nitrogen and Phosphorus of Proso Millet

MA Haizhao^1,2，XIE Chenghui³，XU Xiyang^1,2，FENG Yongzhong^1,2，HUANG Guibin⁴，KONG Dejie⁵，GAO Pengfei^1,2，MEI Zhikun^1,2，REN Guangxin^1,2

（1.College of Agronomy，Northwest A&F University，Yangling 712100，China；2.Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture，Yangling 712100，China；3.Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Ningshan County，Ningshan 711600，China；4.Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Guyuan 756000，China；5.Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center，Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Yinchuan 750002，China）

Received:2022-01-24 Published:2022-07-15 Online:2022-09-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究不同施氮（N）量［0（N0）、90（N90）、150（N150）、210（N210）kg/hm²］下糜子拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期地上部器官（茎、叶、穗）生物量及碳（C）、N、磷（P）化学计量特征，揭示生物量分配与C、N、P化学计量特征间的关系，从新视角解释施N量对糜子生长的影响，为糜子高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明，随施N量增加，各生育时期地上部各器官生物量和总生物量先增加后趋于稳定；穗生物量占比先增加后降低，成熟期叶生物量占比先降低后增加，拔节期、灌浆期和成熟期茎生物量占比呈增加趋势。随施N量增加，各器官C含量无显著变化；茎、叶N含量总体上增加，而P含量表现为施N处理显著低于不施N处理；穗C、N、P含量相对稳定。随施N量增加，成熟期茎N积累量占比呈线性增加，而P积累量占比呈开口向上的抛物线变化；叶C、N、P积累量占比呈开口向上的抛物线关系；穗与叶相反。随施N量增加，总体上，茎C∶N下降，叶表现为施N处理显著低于不施N处理，各生育时期茎、叶和成熟期穗N∶P增加，穗C∶N和C∶P无显著变化。随施N量增加，产量和收获指数呈开口向下的抛物线变化，成熟期地上部生物量呈线性增加。回归分析表明，茎、叶、穗N含量与P含量均呈正向线性相关，茎C含量与N、P含量呈负向线性相关；各生育时期茎、叶和成熟期穗的生物量均与N∶P呈正向线性相关；施N 80.9kg/hm²达最大收获指数（36.2%），施N 172.8 kg/hm²达最高产量，为3 164.5 kg/hm²。综上，施N能通过调控C、N、P化学计量特征改变生物量分配策略，进而影响糜子产量。

关键词: 糜子, 施氮量, 碳、氮、磷化学计量特征, 生物量, 生育时期, 器官

Abstract: This study explored the biomass accumulation and stoichiometric characteristics of carbon(C)，nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in aboveground organs(stem，leaf and tassel)of proso millet at jointing，heading，filling and mature stages under different N rates[0(N0)，90(N90)，150(N150)and 210(N210) kg/ha]，so as to reveal the relationship between biomass allocation and stoichiometric characteristics of C，N and P，explain the effect of N rate on proso millet growth from a new perspective，and provide theoretical basis for high yield cultivation of proso millet. The results showed that with the increase of N rate，the aboveground organ biomass and total biomass increased first and then stabilized，the tassel biomass proportion increased first and then decreased，the leaf biomass proportion at mature stage decreased first and then increased，and the stem biomass proportion increased at jointing，filling and mature stages. With the increase of N rate，there was no significant change in C content in all organs；in stem and leaf，N content increased and P contents of N treatments were significantly lower than that of the treatment without N；C，N and P contents in tassel were relatively stable.At mature stage，the proportion of N accumulation increased linearly with the increase of N rate，while the proportion of P accumulation showed a parabolic change with upward opening in stem；C，N and P accumulation proportions in leaf showed parabolic change with upward opening with the increase of N rate，which were opposite in tassel.Overall，with the increase of N rate，the C∶N decreased in stem，the C∶N of N treatments were significantly lower than that of the treatment without N in leaf；N∶P increased in stem，leaf at all stages and tassel at mature stage，while C∶N and C∶P had no significant changes in tassel. With the increase of N rate，the yield and harvest index showed parabolic change with downward opening，and the aboveground biomass increased linearly at mature stage. Regression analysis indicated that there were positive linear correlations between N content and P content in all organs，and negative linear correlations between C content and N，P contents in stem.The biomass of stem，leaf at all stages and tassel at mature stage were positively linearly correlated with N∶P. The maximum harvest index was 36.2% under N rate of 80.9 kg/ha，and the maximum yield was 3 164.5 kg/ha under N rate of 172.8 kg/ha. In conclusion，the application of N could change the biomass allocation strategy by regulating the stoichiometric characteristics of C，N and P，thereby affecting the yield of proso millet.

Key words: Proso millet；N rate；Stoichiometric characteristics of C, N and P；Biomass；Growth stage；Organ

中图分类号:

S516

马海曌, 谢呈辉, 徐郗阳, 冯永忠, 黄贵斌, 孔德杰, 高鹏飞, 梅志坤, 任广鑫. 施氮量对糜子生物量及碳、氮、磷化学计量的特征的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(7): 31-41.

MA Haizhao, XIE Chenghui, XU Xiyang, FENG Yongzhong, HUANG Guibin, KONG Dejie, GAO Pengfei, MEI Zhikun, REN Guangxin. Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Biomass and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon，Nitrogen and Phosphorus of Proso Millet[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 51(7): 31-41.

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施氮量对糜子生物量及碳、氮、磷化学计量的特征的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Biomass and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon，Nitrogen and Phosphorus of Proso Millet

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