河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 87-95.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.09.011

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同轮作模式下氮素调控对烤烟产质量及氮肥利用的影响

陈华1,赵文军2,王正旭2,尹梅1,薛开政2,何正海3,陈检锋1,王志远1,王伟1,王应学1,杨艳鲜1,付利波1
  

  1. (1.云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205;2.红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司原料部,云南玉溪653100;3.富宁县农业机械化技术推广站,云南富宁663400)
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-13 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 付利波(1971-),女,云南宣威人,研究员,主要从事植物营养学和农业环境研究。E-mail:1198276883@qq.com
  • 作者简介:陈华(1979-),男,云南曲靖人,副研究员,主要从事植物营养学和土壤肥料研究。E-mail:chenhua19792003@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司科技计划项目(2019YL07);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22)

Effects of Nitrogen Management on Yield,Quality and Nitrogen Utilization of Flue⁃cured Tobacco under Different Rotation Patterns

CHEN Hua1,ZHAO Wenjun2,WANG Zhengxu2,YIN Mei1,XUE Kaizheng2,HE Zhenghai3,CHEN Jianfeng1,WANG Zhiyuan1,WANG Wei1,WANG Yingxue1,YANG Yanxian1,FU Libo1   

  1. (1.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;2.Raw Material Department,Hongta Tobacco(Group)Co. ,Ltd,Yuxi 653100,China;3.Agricultural Mechanization Technology Promotion Station of Funing County,Funing 663400,China)
  • Received:2021-04-13 Published:2021-09-15 Online:2021-10-13

摘要: 为探讨不同轮作模式下氮肥用量对烤烟产质量和养分利用的影响,采用田间试验,设置3种轮作模式(油菜-烤烟、玉米-烤烟、蚕豆-烤烟)、4个施氮量处理[T1(不施氮,CK)、T2(施氮量45 kg/hm2)、T3(施氮量90 kg/hm2)、T4(施氮量135 kg/hm2)],分析不同轮作模式下施氮量对烤烟农艺性状、产量、产值、品质及养分利用的影响。结果表明,油菜-烤烟、玉米-烤烟和蚕豆-烤烟3种轮作模式下,施用氮肥均对烤烟田间农艺性状有促进作用。油菜-烤烟和玉米-烤烟轮作模式下施氮量90 kg/hm2处理烤烟产值最高,分别为76 284.8 、82 262.4 元/hm2;蚕豆-烤烟轮作模式下施氮量45 kg/hm2处理烤烟产值最高,为76 826.9 元/hm2。油菜-烤烟和玉米-烤烟轮作模式下施氮量90 kg/hm2处理烟叶品质较好,蚕豆-烤烟模式下施氮量45 kg/hm2处理烟叶品质较好。氮素农学效率、氮素经济学利用效率和氮素生物学利用效率在3种模式下均以施氮量45 kg/hm2处理为最高。氮肥利用率在油菜-烤烟和玉米-烤烟轮作模式下均以施氮量135 kg/hm2处理为最高,分别为40.4%、42.2%;蚕豆-烤烟轮作模式下,氮肥利用率以施氮量45 kg/hm2处理为最高,达40.9%。综上,油菜-烤烟和玉米-烤烟轮作模式下,烤烟最佳氮肥施用量为90 kg/hm2,蚕豆-烤烟轮作模式下烤烟最佳氮肥施用量为45 kg/hm2

关键词: 轮作, 烤烟, 产值, 烟叶品质, 氮肥利用

Abstract: To study the effects of nitrogen management on yield,quality and nutrient utilization of flue⁃cured tobacco under different rotation patterns,field experiments were carried out with three kinds of rotation patterns including rape⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation,corn⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation and broad bean⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation.In every rotation pattern,4 treatments with N application rate of 0 kg/ha(T1),45 kg/ha(T2),90 kg/ha(T3)and 135 kg/ha(T4)were carried out. The effects of different nitrogen rates in different rotation patterns on biological characters,yield,output value,quality and nutrient utilization of flue⁃cured tobacco were analysed.The results showed that agronomic traits of flue⁃cured tobacco would be better by increasing nitrogen application in three rotation patterns.When the nitrogen application rate was 90 kg/ha,the output values of flue⁃cured tobacco under rape⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation and corn⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation were the highest,which were 76 284.8 Yuan/ha and 82 262.4 Yuan/ha,respectively.When the nitrogen application rate was 45 kg/ha,the output value of flue⁃cured tobacco under broad bean⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation was the highest,which was 76 826.9 Yuan/ha. In rape⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation and corn⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation,flue⁃cured tobacco leaf quality under 90 kg/ha of N application rate was better.In broad bean⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation,leaf quality under 45 kg/ha of N application rate was better. In three kinds of rotation patterns,N agronomic efficiency,N economic utilization efficiency and N biological utilization efficiency of flue⁃cured tobacco under 45 kg/ha of N application rate were the highest. When the nitrogen application rate was 135 kg/ha,N utilization efficiencies of rape⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation and corn⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation were the highest,which were 40.4% and 42.2%,respectively. When the nitrogen application rate was 45 kg/ha,N utilization efficiency of flue⁃cured tobacco under broad bean⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation was the highest,which was 40.9%.According to the above results,applying 90 kg/ha of N fertilizer is recommended in flue⁃cured tobacco under rape⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation or corn⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation,and applying 45 kg/ha of N fertilizer is recommended in broad bean⁃flue⁃cured tobacco rotation.

Key words: Rotation, Flue?cured tobacco, Output value, Flue?cured tobacco leaf quality, Nitrogen utilization

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