Table of Content

Volume 49 Issue 1
15 January 2020
Contents
Reviews
Crop Cultivation & Genetic Breeding
Agricultural Resources and Environment
Plant Protection
Horticulture
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine
Agricultural Information and Engineering and Agricultural Product Processing

Article List
Full Abstract
Previous Issue    Next Issue
Contents

Contents

2020, 49(1):  0. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (293KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

Advances in Genetic Research of Silicon Content in Rice

LIU Xiaogang, YANG Zhiwei, MA Yu, ZHAO Na, MA Jiaxin, LUO Chengke, YANG Shuqin, TIAN Lei, LI Peifu

2020, 49(1):  1-8.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.001

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1095KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Silicon is an irreplaceable element for rice growth and development.It plays an important role in rice mineral nutrient absorption,formation of yield and quality,and adversity resistance.The silicon required by plants is mainly taken from environment. In this paper,the status of silicon in cultivated soil in China, the interaction of silicon with other elements, the genetic difference of silicon in rice, the influence of silicon on rice agronomic traits,yield,quality and the genetics of rice silicon content were reviewed,and the future research direction was prospected.


Crop Cultivation & Genetic Breeding

The Variance of Nitrogen Accumulation and Utilization in Different Summer Maize Cultivars and Its Response to Irrigation and Nitrogen Regulation

ZHANG Meiwei, LIU Jingbao, QIAO Jiangfang, LI Chuan, HUANG Lu, ZHANG Panpan, ZHAO Xia, LIU Weixing, NIU Jun

2020, 49(1):  9-17.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.002

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1316KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The field experiment was conducted to research the coupling effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on accumulation,transport,uptake and utilization of nitrogen in eleven summer maize cultivars,in order to explore the different responses of nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilization to irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer among different maize cultivars.The two irrigation treatments were natural rainfall without irrigation(W0) and irrigation at flare opening stage and silking stage(W1),with 75 mm irrigation amount each.The three nitrogen fertilizer applications were 0 kg/ha(N0),150 kg/ha(N1) and 225 kg/ha(N2).The results showed that there were significant differences among different cultivars in nitrogen accumulation,transport,uptake and utilization.Variable coefficient of nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency(NUE)obtained the highest value of 20.97% among all parameters.It revealed the great significance of screening and cultivating high NUE cultivar.In order to study the response of maize cultivars with different NUE,eleven cultivars were classified into three classes by cluster analysis according to NUE. Irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application increased nitrogen accumulation of three types of cultivars significantly.H-NUE and M-NUE cultivars had stronger stability to water and nitrogen condition than L-NUE cultivar.The highest plant nitrogen accumulation of H-NUE and M-NUE cultivars were obtained in the treatment of W1N2,while that of L-NUE cultivar was obtained in the treatment of W1N1.Irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer increased the nitrogen remobilization amount,while decreased the nitrogen translocation efficiency,nitrogen translocation contribution proportion and nitrogen harvest index.It also significantly influenced the nitrogen uptake efficiency of three types of cultivars,which reached the highest in W1N1 treatment.These indicate that appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application with rational irrigation is an effective way to improve nitrogen uptake and utilization of summer maize.



Cloning and Function Analysis of Maize Abscisic Acid Receptor ZmPYL9 Gene

WANG Yanzhao, LU Xiaomin, WEI Liangming, ZHOU Bo, HUANG Bao

2020, 49(1):  18-23.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.003

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2262KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Abscisic acid(ABA)participates in plant development and regulates the adaptability of various abiotic stresses.The PYL gene acts as an ABA receptor and directly affects the biosynthesis of ABA.In order to explore the function of the PYL family gene in maize,a ZmPYL9 gene was cloned,encoding 197 amino acids.Evolutionary analysis of homologous proteins revealed that ZmPYL9 was highly homologous to sorghum homologous proteins and had the same conserved motif. Analysis of the promoter cis-acting element revealed that the 2 000 bp upstream of the ATG of the ZmPYL9 gene contained multiple hormoneresponsive binding sites.The tissue expression analysis of ZmPYL9 gene indicated that the gene was constitutively expressed and highly expressed in endosperm.The positive response of ZmPYL9 gene was induced by exogenous ABA,and the expression of this gene decreased rapidly and was lower than CK level after returning to normal rehydration culture.The ZmPYL9 gene was negatively induced by PEG and PEG+ABA,and the gene expression was higher than PEG stress under PEG+ABA stress. However,after normal rehydration,the expression of this gene under both stresses showed an upward trend.These indicate that ZmPYL9 gene responds to drought stress and ABA induction,and ABA can increase the expression of this gene under drought stress.


Effects of Physiological Barrier on Growth and Cd,As and Micronutrient Accumulation of Wheat at Seedling Stage

YI Baizhu, JIA Rui, WANG Ning, YAO Chen, LI Benyin, LI Xuanzhen, ZHANG Zhina, CHEN Xing, ZHAO Yongjian

2020, 49(1):  24-30.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.004

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1508KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to investigate the changes of Cd and As contents in wheat under physiological barrier treatment in calcareous soils of northern China,a pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of 8 physiological barrier agents on growth and contents of Cd,As and micronutrient of wheat seedlings.The results showed that Fe treatment,Mg treatment and Mn treatment increased wheat biomass,among which the effect of Fe treatment was the best.The inhibitory effect of Mg and Mn treatments on the Cd accumulation of wheat was better,which decreased the Cd content of the aboveground parts of wheat by 15.2% and 20.6%,respectively. All physiological barrier agents did not significantly affect the As content of wheat.It was also found that Zn and Se treatments decreased the content of Fe of wheat. In general,foliar application of Mn and Mg was expected to be an effective measure to inhibit the accumulation of Cd and As of wheat,while the effects on wheat micronutrient content should be considered.


Effects of Different Agronomic Measures on Cadmium Accumulation in Overground Part of Double-Cropping Rice

ZHU Zhijuan, FU Zhiqiang

2020, 49(1):  31-43.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.005

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1127KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of four kinds of agronomic measures[applying 1 000 kg/ ha biochar(biochar 1 treatment),applying 2 000 kg/ha biochar(biochar 2 treatment),spraying foliar fertilizer,water control]on cadmium accumulation in aboveground parts of double-cropping rice were studied with conventional cultivation as control, so as to found out the cadmium accumulation law under different agronomic measures and provide reference for the choice of agronomic measures in double-cropping rice paddy polluted by cadmium in Hunan Province.The results showed that four kinds of agronomic measures increased the spike number and grain number per ear of early rice compared with the control,and then increased the yield,among them,the yield of Luliangyou 996 reached a significant level,with the increase rate of 11.59%—14.36%,but each treatment had no significant effect on the yield of late rice compared with control. Compared with the control,the cadmium content of spraying foliar fertilizer treatment in the stem of late rice Fengyuanyou 299 increased by 15.54%,and decreased by 53.00% in the leaves during the mature period.The biochar 1 and biochar 2 treatments significantly reduced the cadmium content in husk,stem,leaf,brown rice and the cadmium accumulation in overground part of late rice Fengyuanyou 299 during the mature period, the cadmium accumulation in brown rice reduced by 39.76% and 24.60%,and the cadmium accumulation in overground part of plant reduced by 24.45% and 22.83% respectively. Compared with spraying foliar fertilizer treatment,the biochar 1 and biochar 2 treatments significantly reduced the content of cadmium in stem,leaf and brown rice of early rice Luliangyou 996 during the mature period,and reduced the content of cadmium in brown rice by 37.71% and 35.17% respectively.Compared with the control,the content of cadmium in rice husk of late rice Xiangwanxian No.13 and Fengyuanyou 299 during the mature period decreased by 38.25% and 10.37% respectively,but there was no obvious effect on other indicators.The above results showed that the application of biochar could effectively reduce the cadmium accumulation in rice plants and brown rice.



Effects of Different Fertilizer Ratio on Potato Quality and Yield

LI Menglu, CHEN Yanyun, XIA Wanyu

2020, 49(1):  44-51.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.006

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1087KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of different fertilizers (N,P,K,B) ratio on potato osmotic adjustment substances contents, dry weight, quality and yield were studied by L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design,so as to select the fertilizer ratio to improve yield and quality of potato in Ningxia.The results showed that the combinations of N₃₍₃₇₅₎ P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₂₍₆₀₎ B₁₍₀₎ and N₃₍₃₇₅₎ P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₃₍₁₂₀₎ B_3(0.90) had the highest proline and soluble sugar contents in potato,which were conducive to potato growth and development;the combinations of N_2(187.5) P₃₍₂₂₅₎K₁₍₀₎ B₁₍₀₎,N_2(187.5) P_2(112.5) K₂₍₆₀₎ B_2(0.45) ,N_2(187.5) P₁₍₀₎ K₂₍₆₀₎ B_3(0.90) were beneficial to improve the quality of potato; the combination of N_2(187.5) P₁₍₀₎ K₂₍₆₀₎ B_3(0.90) was conducive to the accumulation of dry weight;the combination of N₃₍₃₇₅₎ P₃₍₂₂₅₎ K₁₍₀₎ B_3(0.90) had the highest potato yield,N had the extremely significant effect on the yield,and P had the significant effect on the yield. By comprehensive analysis,the optimal
combination of fertilizer ratio was N₃P₃K₂B₃,namely application rates of N,P,K,B were 375,225,60,0.90 kg/ha,respectively.


Effects of Different Crop Companion Planting on Yield and Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community of Coptis chinensis under Continuous Cropping

NIU Sikun

2020, 49(1):  52-60.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.007

Asbtract ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To explore a pollution-free method to alleviate the impediment to continuous cropping of Coptis chinensis,we used Coptis chinensis reaped in its first ripeness(CK1)and Coptis chinensis cropped for three years(CK2)as the comparison group to study the influence of wheat,shallot and ryegrass as companion crops on the production,morbidity of Coptis chinensis cropped for three years and structure of microorganism community in rhizosphere soil.The result showed that,compared to CK1,continuous cropping led to 43.29% decrease in production and 59.92 percentage points increase in morbidity of Coptis chinensis.The continuous cropping obviously lowered the number and diversity of microorganism in rhizosphere soil.The content of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased by 18.20% and 21.20% respectively while that of fungi increased by 60.37%.The soil transformed from bacterial type to fungal type.Continuous cropping caused great changes in the relative abundance of predominant phyla and genera of microorganism in rhizosphere soil.Companion cropping could effectively alleviate the impediment of continuous cropping of Coptis chinensis.Among three companion crops,shallot provided most ideal outcome.The companion cropping of shallot increased the production of Coptis chinensis by 67.63% and lowered the morbidity by 47.32 percentage points;The content of bacteria and actinomycetes increased by 12.15% and 10.80 respectively.The content of fungi lowered by 30.61%;The Chao1 index,Ace index and Shannon index of bacteria and fungus increased prominently while Simpson index was in a downturn.The relative abundance of Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,Ascomycota,Basidiomycota increased by 20.43%,54.68%,26.62% and 39.20% respectively,while the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Planctomycetales,Zygomycota and Ciliophora lowered by 33.81%,21.66%,49.25% and 22.13% respectively;The relative abundance of Rhodoplanes,Veillonella,Acremonium and Metarhizium increased by 28.03%,35.34%,86. 58% and 36.19%,while that of Citrobacter,Streptococcus,Pseudallescheria and Fusarium decreased by 17.48%,40.68%,32.62% and 44.95% respectively.The result of relativity analysis showed that the a bundance of Pseudallescheria,Mortierella, Fusarium and Citrobacter had positive correlation to the morbidity of Coptis chinensis while the a bundance of Rhodoplanes,Veillonella and Acremonium had negative correlation to the morbidity of Coptis chinensis.To summarize,companion cropping can effectively alleviate the impediment to the continuous cropping of Coptis chinensis,and shallot has the best effect as the companion crop.



Identification of Low Phosphorus Tolerant Traits and Selection of Elite Genotypes in Soybean

WU Haiyan, LI Xihuan, LI Wenlong, KONG Youbin, DU Hui, ZHANG Caiying

2020, 49(1):  61-67.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.008

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1078KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore new germplasms and develop new varieties of soybean with low phosphorus(P) tolerance,a low phosphorus tolerant genetic population with 247 lines was used in this study.Nine traits related to low P tolerance including plant height,root length,fresh weight of root,dry weight of root,fresh weight of shoot,dry weight of shoot,root/ shoot ratio,phosphorus content and utilization efficiency of root were studied under different P treatment conditions. The characteristics of the tested lines resistance to low phosphorus were evaluated and elite germplasms were screened. The results showed that among the nine tested traits,except for plant height,there were(extremely) significant differences between different P treatments and between different materials,indicating that the low phosphorus treatment was effective and the adaptabilities of lines were different.Then these eight characteristics were transformed into two comprehensive indexes through the principal component analysis method,and the comprehensive evaluation values(D value) of 274 lines were calculated.Finally,the 247 lines were divided into 3 groups,low P tolerant-,intermediate- and sensitive-group. In addition,14 elite germplasms including ZN-251,ZN-299 and ZN-229 were selected for their high tolerance to low P stress.


Agricultural Resources and Environment

Remediation of Six Plants on Copper-contaminated Soil

CHEN Cheng, LI Zhongbao, DENG Nanxin, MEI Ping

2020, 49(1):  68-74.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.009

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1489KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to screen out plants with better remediation effect on copper ion contaminated soil,six plants around the site of unconventional oil and gas fields in Changling-Weiyuan including Lolium perenne,Dracocephalum moldavica,Sorghum sudanense,Pennisetum alopecuroides,Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens were selected as research varieties, and the germination rates of these six plants in different content of copper ion were measured.In addition,the test of growth adaptability of these six plants was conducted in soil with above contents of copper ion.The removal rate of copper ion in soil was calculated.The results demonstrated that,the tolerance to copper ion of Lolium perenne,Dracocephalum moldavica,Sorghum sudanense and Pennisetum alopecuroides was greater than that of Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens.The copper ion mostly concentrated in the root of Dracocephalum moldavica,Pennisetum alopecuroides and Sorghum sudanense,and the content of copper ion in the root reached 57.25,52.70 and 47.50 mg/kg respectively,when the content of copper ion in soil was 100 mg/kg.The copper ion mostly concentrated in leaf and stem of Lolium perenne,and the content of copper ion in leaf and stem reached 23.29 and 12.12 mg/kg respectively,when the content of copper ion in soil was 100 mg/kg,while the content of copper ion in root was only 1.24 mg/kg.The removal rates of Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense on copper ion were more than 60% when the content of copper ion in soil was 25 mg/kg,which were higher than that of Pennisetum alopecuroides and Dracocephalum moldavica,however,the removal rates of Pennisetum alopecuroides and Sorghum sudanense on copper ion reached more than 55% when the contents of copper ion in soil were more than 50 mg/kg,which were higher than that of Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense.Therefore,Dracocephalum moldavica can be used as restoration plants in unconventional oil and gas fields in Changling-Weiyuan area when the content of copper ion in soil is high (more than 50 mg/kg).Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense can be selected as restoration plants when the content of copper ion in soil is lower than 25 mg/kg.



Plant Protection

Study on the Bioactivity of Periconia igniaria Stdif10,an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Root Tuber of Chinese Medicinal Plant Stephania dielsiana

LIN Wei, LUO Haiyu, DENG Yecheng, DENG Zhiyong, YAN Zhenling, ZHANG Ze, WANG Ruihao, TANG Xia’an, FENG Beibei

2020, 49(1):  75-81.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.010

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1094KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Periconia igniaria Stdif10 is an endophytic fungus isolated from the root tubers of Stephania dielsiana Y.C.Wu for the first time. In order to understand the biological activity of P.igniaria Stdif10,the anti-insect,antifungal and antibacterial activities were determined with the extracts from petroleum ether layer,ethyl acetate layer and n-butanol layer of the fermentation products of this strain,by using the filter film method,mycelium growth rate method and toxic medium coating method.The results showed that petroleum ether extract possessed the best anti-insect and antimicrobial activity,having remarkable contact activity against Sitophilus zeamais with the LC₅₀ value at 2.295 1 mg/cm² after treatment for 72 hours,and having a good repellent activity to S.zeamais.After treatment for 48 hours,the repellent rate of 3.932,7.863,15.726 mg/cm² concentration gradients of petroleum ether extract to S.zeamais was greater than 62%. Moreover,the petroleum ether extract showed inhibitory activity against Colletotrichum capsica,Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Pestalotiopsis theae, Alternaria oleracea, Ceratocystis paradoxa, Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae,Exserohilum turcicum,Diaporthe citri,Alternaria citri to some extent,and had best antifungal activity against Colletotrichum capsica, Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae and Diaporthe citri with the EC₅₀ values at 0.117 3,0.071 6 and 0.054 7 mg/mL after treatment for 72 hours,respectively.The petroleum ether extract also exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Enterobacter aerogenes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhi, Staphyloccocus aureus,Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus anthraci with the MIC values ranging from 0.125 to 0.500 mg/mL after treatment for 24 hours.The results in this study showed that endophytic fungus Stdif10 had remarkable anti-insect and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities,and the petroleum ether extract had the most significant activity(the polarity of the active substance was low).



Curing Effect and Its Mechanism of Piriformospora indica on Rape Injury Caused by Acetochlor

HAN Fei, ZHU Xiang, CHANG Yue, DONG Qian, LI Junkai

2020, 49(1):  82-88.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.011

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1090KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the alleviating effect and mechanism of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on the phytotoxicity of acetochlor on rape by seed dressing,pot culture experiments were conducted to determine the effect of acetochlor on plant height,fresh weight and root length of rape after seed dressing with Piriformospora indica.The results showed that acetochlor had different degrees of inhibition on the growth of rape when the application rate of active ingredients was 400—2 400 g/ha.The phytotoxic effect of acetochlor on rape could be alleviated to some extent after seed dressing with Piriformospora indica.Among them,when the application amount of acetochlor active ingredients was 400,800,1 200,2 400 g/ha and 1 kg of rapeseed was mixed with 10 g of Piriformospora indica,the recovery rates of plant height were 30.79%,60.99%,26.99% and 26.49%,respectively,the recovery rates of root length were 33.69%,21.51%,58.75% and 31.67%,respectively,and the recovery rates of fresh quality were 75.92%,45.50%,7.25% and 33.33%,respectively.Compared with acetochlor alone,the mass content of GSH and the activities of GST and SOD in the rape seedlings after seed dressing were improved significantly.In summary,Piriformospora indica can increase the activity of related detoxifying enzymes in rape,and enhance the detoxification effect of rape on acetochlor,and reduce the phytotoxicity of acetochlor on rape.


Toxicity of Two Plant Insecticidal Components and Effects Behavior of Solenopsis invicta Buren Workers

YANG Jingmei, YE Tao, ZHANG Zhixiang, CAI Yihao, CHEN Qu, WANG Wenkai

2020, 49(1):  89-95.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.012

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1497KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The insecticidal activity of two plant insecticidal components and the effects on grasping rate,aggregation rate,climbing rate and walking rate of micrergates of Solenopsis invicta workers were studied by aqueous solution tube method with rotenone and veratrine.The results showed that after being treated with rotenone solution of 0.04,0.07,0.35,0.70 and 0. 88 mg/L for 11 d,the mortalities of red fire ants were 55.00%,70.00%,80.00%,95.00% and 100.00% respectively,and that of control was 30.00%.The grasping rates of ants were 40.00%,30.00%,20.00%,5.00% and 0 respectively,and that of control was 70.00%.The aggregation rates were 25.00%,25.00%,15.00%,0 and 0 respectively,and that of control was 65.00%.The climbing rates were 45.00%,30.00%,20.00%,5.00% and 0 respectively,and that of control was 68.33%.The walking rates were 40.00%,30.00%,15.00%,5.00% and 0 respectively,and that of control was 60. 00%,respectively.With the veratrine solution of 0. 005,0. 010,0. 050,0. 100 and 0. 500 mg/L treating for 11 d,the mortalities of micrergates were 40.00%,46.67%,55.00%,63.33% and 93.33% respectively,and that of control was 30.00%.The grasping rates of ants were 60.00%,53.33%,45.00%,36.67% and 6.67% respectively,and that of control was 70.00%.The aggregation rates were 50.00%,40.00%,30.00%,20.00% and 0 respectively,and that of control was 65.00%.The climbing rates were 58.33%,50.00%,41.67%,30.00% and 5.00% respectively,and that of control was 68.33%.The walking rates were 58.33%,50.00%,41.67%,33.33% and 5.00% respectively,and that of control was 60.00%,respectively.The effects of rotenone and veratrine on red fire ants were more significant with time.At lower doses,the two insecticidal ingredients have certain insecticidal activity and behavioral inhibition effects on the micrergates,and have good application prospects in the control.



Horticulture

Effects of Exogenous Melatonin and Silicon on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Celery(Apium graveolens) Seedlings under Salt Stress

LI Hongjie

2020, 49(1):  96-102.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.013

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2843KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the effects of exogenous melatonin and silicon on salt tolerance of celery seedling and clarify the mechanism,a celery cultivar—Huanghou was selected as experimental material,the effects of single and compound exogenous melatonin and silicon on the plant growth,photosynthesis,antioxidant system and osmotic regulation system of celery seedling under salt stress were investigated.The results showed that under salt stress condition,the growth and photosynthesis of celery seedling were significantly inhibited,the activities of SOD,POD,CAT and APX were significantly enhanced,and the contents of H₂O₂,MDA,soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline were significantly increased.Single or combined application of exogenous melatonin and silicon significantly improved the growth of celery seedling,significantly reduced MDA content and H₂O₂ content,significantly raised Pn,Gs and Tr values,significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes(POD,SOD,CAT and APX) of celery seedling leaves under salt stress and the best effect was from the combination of exogenous melatonin and silicon.Under the salt stress,compared with salt stress,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,dry weight,Pn,Gs,Tr,SOD,POD,CAT and APX activities,soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline contents of celery seedlings treated with the combination of exogenous melatonin and silicon increased by 22.24%,24.33%,46.74%,14.89%,59.30%,82.40%,54.11%,33.18%,40.35%,30.95%,66.43%,48.64%,58.94%and 44.09% respectively,and the MDA content and H₂O₂content were decreased by 42.94% and29.93% respectively.These results suggest that single or combined application of exogenous melatonin and silicon effectively alleviate the salinity damage and improve the resistance of celery seedlings under salt stress by improving photosynthesis,active oxygen scavenging capacity and osmotic balance regulation capacity of celery seedling,and a synergistic effect is observed after applying both exogenous melatonin and silicon.



Differences in Organic Acids Contents and Citrate Acid Metabolism Enzyme Activities in Chunmei Peach Fruit inside and outside the Greenhouse

YIN Baoying, MA Hong, LI Zhongyong, PANG Jinxuan, JIA Qiurui, ZHANG Xueying, XU Jizhong

2020, 49(1):  103-110.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.014

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1662KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the difference of organic acids contents and citrate acid metabolism enzyme activities in peach fruit inside and outside the greenhouse,the method of high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC) was used to analyze the content and composition of organic acids, and the activities of citrate acid metabolism enzymes were measured during the development of Chunmei peach fruit inside and outside the greenhouse.The main results showed that the content of titratable acid first increased and then decreased during the development of Chunmei peach fruit.The titratable acid content in the matured fruits in the greenhouse was 0. 49%, which was significantly higher than that(0.27%) outside the greenhouse.The kinds of organic acids in the Chunmei peach fruit inside and outside the greenhouse were mainly malic acid,citric acid,quinic acid and shikimic acid,of which malic acid had the highest content,and the proportions were 49.62% and 56.47%,respectively.However,the difference in citric acid content between inside and outside the greenhouse was the largest among all kinds of organic acids,and the proportions of citric acid were 25.31% in the greenhouse and 14.86% outside the greenhouse,so it was showed that the higher content of cirtic acid in the matured fruits was the main reason to result in the higher total acid content inside the greenhouse. Relationship between the content of cirtic acid and the activities of its metabolism enzymes indicated that the higher activity of NAD-IDH at the former stage of fruit development in the greenhouse resulted in lower content of cirtic acid,while the higher CS and PEPC activities in the late stage of fruit development inside the greenhouse resulted in higher content of citric acid.



Effects of Soil Water Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Lilium brownii Seedlings

HU Xiaojing, LIU Yucai, PEI Yun, ZHAO Jin

2020, 49(1):  111-117.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.015

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3486KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To understand the adaptation mechanism of Lilium brownii seedlings to soil water stress,the seedlings of Lilium brownii were used as test materials,the effects of different soil water stress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Lilium brownii seedlings were studied by potted water control method, and the suitable soil water content was screened.The results displayed that the soil relative water content neither high nor low was conducive to the growth of Lilium brownii.The leaf relative water content decreased,but the water saturation deficit and malondialdehyde content increased under water stress.With the increase of stress degree,leaf stomatal density,chlorophyll content,soluble protein content,peroxidase activity,superoxide dismutase activity and other indicators performed a trend of high first and then low.The free proline content,soluble sugar,cell membrane permeability and other indicators showed a first low and later high trend.Based on the membership function method,it is concluded that slight soil water stress,50%—55% soil relative water content,is suitable for the normal growth of Lilium brownii seedlings in bulb stage.


Effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ Irradiation on Cuttings of Jasminum sambac

LI Chunniu, LI Xianmin, HUANG Zhanwen, LU Jiashi, BU Zhaoyang

2020, 49(1):  118-122.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.016

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1074KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to investigate the effect of 60 Co-γ irradiation on the survival rate,rooting number, longest root length and germination rate of Jasminum sambac cuttings,the cuttings from three cultivars of Jasminum sambac were respectively irradiated by five different irradiation doses.By fitting regression line between irradiation dose and relative survival rate of cuttings,we calculated the half lethal dose(LD₅₀) of Jasminum sambac.The results showed that the survival rate varied significantly with different cultivars.The LD₅₀ values of ⁶⁰Co-γ irradiation for cuttings of No.5(double flowers),No.8(double flowers) and No.23(semi-double flowers) were respectively 64.18,42.61,39.57 Gy.The rooting number of cuttings decreased significantly with the increase of irradiation dose(from 0 Gy to 60 Gy).The germination rate of cuttings decreased significantly with the increase of irradiation dose(from 30 Gy to 60 Gy).The survival rate and longest root length of cuttings decreased significantly with the increase of irradiation dose(from 40 Gy to 60 Gy).


Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

Prokaryotic Expression and Purification of Seneca Valley Virus 3ABC Protein and Preparation of Its Polyclonal Antibodies

LIAN Kaiqi, ZHOU Lingling, ZHANG Mingliang, ZHANG Man, WANG Yingjie, LIN Zhengdan, SONG Yuwei

2020, 49(1):  123-127.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.017

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3439KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to develop detective kits of Seneca Valley virus(SVV),the 3ABC gene was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) and purified,and the purified protein was used to immunize rats.The polyclonal antibody against 3ABC protein was prepared,and its titer was determined by ELISA.Specific reaction was identified between the prepared polyclonal antibody and the expressed 3ABC protein by Western blot.The results showed that the 3ABC gene could be expressed in E.coli(mainly in inclusion body).Molecular weight of the recombinant 3ABC protein was about 55 ku.SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there was a clear single target band for the purified 3ABC protein.The titer of the polyclonal antibody was detected to be higher than 1∶64 000 by indirect ELISA.The polyclonal antibody could specifically recognize the recombinant 3ABC protein.In conclusion,SVV 3ABC gene could be successfully expressed in E.coli and the recombinant 3ABC protein had good immunogenicity.


Antibacterial Activity in Vitro of Shikuqin Powder and Its Active Ingredients against Waterfowl-origin Bacteria

ZHANG Ya’nan, XU Jing’e, PU Ling, PENG Shan, TIAN Qingqing, YANG Li, WANG Xin, JIANG Lingling, YU Bo

2020, 49(1):  128-136.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.018

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1222KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the antibacterial activity in vitro of Shikuqin powder and its main active component monomers on waterfowl-origin multidrug-resistant strains,in this study,K-B method was used to detect the antibacterial agent resistance of the tested strains. Double dilution method of micro broth and agar plate culture counting method were used to investigate the antibacterial activity or bactericidal activity of Shikuqin powder and its main active component monomers on Riemerella anatipestifer,Escherichia coli,Salmonella,Pasteurella multocida and Staphylococcus aureus.The results showed that 90% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant strains.Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates of Enterobacter were the most antibiotic resistant strains,and the number of antibiotic-resistant strains was higher than 8 kinds.The MICs of Shikuqin powder for five kinds of bacteria ranged from 1.95 g/L to 62.50 g/L,and MBCs ranged from 1.95 g/L to 125.00 g/L.The MICs of Shikuqin powder for Riemerella anatipestifer and Pasteurella multocida were lower,ranging from 1.95 g/L to 15.63 g/L.Among the six Chinese herbal monomers,esculetin was the strongest,followed by matrine and gallic acid.The bactericidal efficacy of the six Chinese herbal monomers varied greatly.When the concentration reached 31.25 g/L,gallic acid could kill all the tested strains,and the overall bactericidal efficacy was better than the other five monomers.The MIC and MBC of the six Chinese herbal monomers against Riemerella anatipestifer were lower than those of other strains.It can be seen that Shikuqin powder has antibacterial effect on these five kinds of bacteria,among which the bacteriostasis effect on Riemerella anatipestifer and Pasteurella multocida is the best.The bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of six Chinese herbal monomers on Riemerella anatipestifer were superior to those of other strains.



Genetic Diversity Comparison of Three Local Chicken Breeds in Jiangxi Province

TAN Yuwen, RAO Yousheng, LIU Huilin, XIAO Yueling, XU Xia, CHEN Ying, ZHU Xuenong

2020, 49(1):  137-141.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.019

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1099KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The genetic diversity and genetic distance of three local chicken breeds in Jiangxi Province were studied,which would provide a genetic basis for the rational utilization of genetic resources and the protection of germplasm resources in poultry populations in Jiangxi Province.In this paper,the genetic diversity of 25 SNPs selected from chromosome 1 was detected by flight mass spectrometry in Ningdu yellow chicken,White-eared yellow chicken,and Anyi tile-like gray chicken(463 individuals).The allelic frequency,apparent heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphic information content(PIC),and Nei’s standard genetic distance between populations were calculated for each SNP locus.The results showed that the average effective allele number (Ne),He and PIC of all loci in the three populations were 1.636,0.367 and 0.291,respectively.The average Ne,He and PIC of the White-eared yellow chicken were the highest (1.684,0.387 and 0.303);the average Ne,He and PIC of the Anyi tile-like gray chicken were the lowest (1.562,0. 328 and 0.262).The genetic distance and systematic clustering results showed that the genetic similarity of the three groups was relatively high.Two groups of Anyi gray chicken and White-eared yellow chicken were clustered into one group,and Ningdu yellow chicken was a single group.


Effects of Litsea cubeba Residue on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Hu Sheep in Vitro

LUO Yang, LI Haobang, HE Fang, HUAN Cheng, LI Jianbo, YI Kangle, SUN Ao

2020, 49(1):  142-147.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.020

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1086KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the utilization value of Litsea cubeba residue(LCR) in ruminant feed,Leymus chinensis(LC,control) was selected as the control,and rumen fluid of Hu sheep for simulating rumen fermentation cultivation in vitro was collected,which fermented for 48 h with LCR to study the effects of rumen fermentation by gas production technique. The results showed as followed:(1) The contents of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) of LCR were 95.18%,13.01%,34.74%,44.06% and 11.08%(DM basis),respectively.(2) After 48 hours of gas production in vitro,the total gas production of LCR was -1.53 mL/g,which was extremely significantly(P<0.01) lower than that of LC.The pH of the fermentation broth of LCR was 6.67,which was significantly(P<0.05) higher than LC(6.54).The concentration of total volatile fatty acids(TVFA) in the fermentation broth of LCR was 8. 74 mmol/L,which was extremely significantly(P<0.01) lower than LC(39.85 mmol/L).Compared with LC group,the levels of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid were all extremely significantly(P<0.01) lower,and the levels of valeric acid was significantly(P<0.05) lower in the fermentation broth of LCR,while there was no significant(P>0.05) difference in the ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid between groups.In conclusion,LCR is a kind of feed resources with rich nutritional value,but it has an inhibitory effect on the growth of rumen microorganisms,which is bad for rumen fermentation and gas production in ruminants.


Effects of Mercuric Chloride on the Expression of CATH-BF in the Skin and CATH-2 and CATH-3 in the Heart and Pancreas of Chinese Giant Salamander(Andrias davidianus)

YE Ting, WANG Xingxiang, LIU Yanan, CAO Yu, XU Kangkang, LI Can

2020, 49(1):  148-156.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.021

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1469KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the effects of mercuric chloride(HgCl2) on the expression of CATH-BF in the skin and CATH-2 and CATH-3 in the heart and pancreas of Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus),the juvenile stage giant salamanders were continuously exposed to 0(control),1,10,and 100 ng/L HgCl₂ for 24,48,72 h respectively,and the effects of mercuric chloride on the expression of CATH-BF in the skin and CATH-2 and CATH-3 in the heart and pancreas of Chinese giant salamander were investigated by real time quantitative RT-PCR method.After exposure to HgCl₂ for 24 h,the expression level of CATH-BF in the skin of giant salamander was reduced compared with the control group.1 and 100 ng/L HgCl₂ very significantly down-regulated the expression of CATH-BF in the skin (P<0.01). 10 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly down-regulated the expression of CATH-BF gene in the skin after exposure for 24 h(P<0.05).10 and 100 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly induced the expression of CATH-BF gene in the skin after exposure for 48 h(P<0.05).Exposure to HgCl₂ for 72 h had no significant effects on the expression of CATH-BF gene in the skin.Different concentrations of HgCl₂ had different effects on the expression of CATH-2 gene in the heart of the giant salamander.1 and 10 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly down-regulated the expression of CATH-2 gene in the heart after exposure for 24 h(P<0.01).100 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly up-regulated the expression of CATH-2 gene in the heart after exposure for 24 h(P<0.01).10 and 100 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly down-regulated the expression of CATH-2 gene in the heart of the giant salamander after 48 h of exposure(P<0.05).10 and 100 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly down-regulated the expression of CATH-2 gene in the pancreas after 24 h of exposure(P<0.05).1 and 10 ng/L HgCl₂ significantly induced the expression of CATH-3 gene in the heart after exposure to HgCl₂ for 24 h(P<0.01).HgCl2 had no significant effect on the expression of CATH-3 gene in the pancreas after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure.It was concluded that the pattern of effects of mercuric chloride on the expression of CATH-BF in the skin and CATH-2 and CATH-3 in the heart and pancreas of Chinese giant salamander was dynamic,and the effects of HgCl₂ on the expression of CATH-BF in the skin and CATH-2 and CATH-3 in the heart and pancreas showed tissue specificity.


Effects of Vitamin C on the Survival and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Barbus capito under Ammonia-N Stress

LIANG Junping, ZHANG Jing, QIN Baoli, WANG Xuanpeng, LIN Yuhua, DING Chenlong, WU Xuejun

2020, 49(1):  157-164.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.022

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1580KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to reveal the effects of vitamin C(Vc) on anti-ammonia-N stress ability of juvenile Barbus capito,the median lethal concentrations of total ammonia-N were calculated for 24,48,72 and 96 h,and the effects of Vc on mortality and activities of antioxidant enzymes in gills were analyzed for juvenile Barbus capito under ammonia-N stress at water temperature of (23.50±0.41)℃ and pH of 8.03±0. 07.The results showed that,the median lethal concentrations of total ammonia-N were found to be 34.95 mg/L for 24 h,33.84 mg/L for 48 h,31.42 mg/L for 72 h,and 30.02 mg/L for 96 h to juvenile B.capito.The safe concentration of total ammonia-N was estimated to be 3. 00 mg/L for juvenile B.capito.The mortalities of juvenile B. capito were decreased with the rising of Vc concentration,when it was exposed to the 96 h total lethal concentration of ammonia-N.When juvenile B.capito was exposed to 15.01 mg/L ammonia-N with 50 mg/L Vc added,the SOD activities of gill significantly increased compared with the stress group(P<0.05) at 24 h and 96 h,and there was no significant difference compared with control group(P>0.05),the CAT and GSH-px activities increased significantly compared with the stress group (P<0.05) at 48—96 h.When juvenile B.capito was exposed to 15.01 mg/L ammonia-N with 80 mg/L Vc added,the activity of SOD increased significantly compared with the stress group(P<0.05) at 24—96 h and was consistent with the control group,the activities of CAT and GSH-px increased significantly compared with the stress group(P<0.05) at 48—96 h.In conclusion,the mortality of juvenile B.capito increases gradually with the rising of ammonia-N concentration or exposed period.Vc can reduce the mortality of juvenile B.capito exposed to ammonia-N effectively by improving the activity of antioxidant enzyme in gill,and enhancing the tolerance of juveniles B.capito to ammonia-N toxicity.



Agricultural Information and Engineering and Agricultural Product Processing

The Best Phase and The Optimal Identification Method for Identifying Apricot Tree from Remote Sensing Images

XING Dongxing, WANG Mingjun, JIAO Qiao, CHE Zili, FENG Jianmin, YANG Bo

2020, 49(1):  165-173.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.023

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4794KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The aim is to find out the best phase and the optimal method for identifying apricot trees by using the monthly GF1-WFV images collected in 2014,2017 and 2018(a total of 43 images),and to provide a theoretical basis for remote sensing monitoring of apricot trees in Guanzhong area and even all fruit regions of China.Firstly,the images of each period were preprocessed.Then,the identification efficiencies of six kinds of identification methods(comparison of reflectance spectra of ground objects in the same period of image,bands difference or ratio analysis in the same period of image,calculation and analysis of spectral index in the same period of image,spectral index change tracking among the adjacent periods of images divided into the same set,images compounding and analysis of the multiple indices combined using)were tested separately by using ROI (Region of interest) data collected from the sample plots of various fruit trees in different periods of images. Finally,the identification efficiency of exploration results was verified in global image.The conclusions were as follows:Compared with other fruit tree species,apricot trees had lower VI1 value at full flowering stage,so the thresholds of VI1 value had better identification efficiency for identifying apricot trees in this period;In the images of apricot trees blooming,the overall classification accuracy had been improved by using dual thresholds of NDVI(Normalized difference vegetation index) and VI1;Apricot trees could also be well identified by the band ratios between full flowering and pre-blooming period images(same serial number);The accuracy of identifying apricot trees was more ideal by using quadruple thresholds of NDVI,VI1,R_b1/R_b1 Pre-flowering and R_b3/R_b3 Pre-flowering ,the classification accuracy of apricot trees could reach 83.14%,and overall classification accuracy could reach 80.93%;The flowering period was the best time to identify apricot trees.



The Influence of Flow Control on Hulling Effect of Buckwheat Huller

CHENG Tuya, CHEN Wei, DU Wenliang

2020, 49(1):  174-179.  DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.01.024

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1534KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to find out the main influencing parameters of buckwheat huller on the hulling effect in the working process,rotational speed of sand disc,hulling gap,width of working face and size of sand disc were selected as the influence factors,and effects of the above 4 factors on the limited flow and the effects of rotational speed of sand disc on the hulling effect were analyzed.The results showed that,the rotation speed of sand disc had a significant effect on the rice yield rate and relative rice breaking rate.When the rotating speed of sand disc was higher than 950 r/min, the relative broken rice rate rose sharply,but the effect on the limited flow was slow.In the range of 5 to 7 mm of hulling gap,the limited flow increased linearly with the hulling gap.The width of working face would lead to decline of the limited flow linearly.The size of sand disc had little impact on the limited flow.So for ensuring the hulling effect,it has potential value to optimize the influence of hulling gap and working face width on the limited flow.