河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (8): 171-180.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.08.019

• 农业信息与工程·农产品加工 • 上一篇    

银杏叶渣中多糖和黄酮的综合提取及其抗氧化活性研究

王敬赫1,胡庆丰1,刘婕1,程耀波2,严雪溶1,王健2,惠爱玲1,张文成1   

  1. (1.合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,安徽 合肥 230601;2.邳州恒翔生物制品有限公司,江苏 邳州 221332)
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 惠爱玲(1980-),女,河南南阳人,副研究员,博士,主要从事农产品加工研究。E-mail:haling@hfut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王敬赫(1998-),男,山东淄博人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:天然药物化学。E-mail:1063471528@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省苏北科技专项(XZ-SZ202030)

Comprehensive Extraction and Antioxidant Activity Research of Polysaccharides and Flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba Leaf Residue

WANG Jinghe1,HU Qingfeng1,LIU Jie1,CHENG Yaobo2,YAN Xuerong1,WANG Jian2,HUI Ailing1,ZHANG Wencheng1   

  1. (1.College of Food and Bioengineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China;2.Pizhou Hengxiang Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Pizhou 221332,China)
  • Received:2023-01-03 Published:2023-08-15 Online:2023-08-30

摘要: 以银杏叶渣为原料,分别采用水提醇沉法和复合酶辅助醇水溶剂提取法获取银杏叶渣多糖和总黄酮;通过DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基、羟自由基清除试验考查其体外抗氧化活性。结果显示,银杏叶渣与纯水1∶9,85 ℃ 提取3 h,其粗多糖得率为17.90%,多糖提取率达3.03%。提取多糖后的银杏叶渣,添加β-葡萄糖甘酶、纤维素酶与果胶酶(1∶1∶2)复合酶,添加量为8.0%,pH值为5,50℃酶解2.5 h,之后在80%乙醇、料液比1∶8、80℃条件下提取4 h,银杏叶渣总黄酮提取率0.59‰,3种游离苷元(槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素)提取率0.93‰,与仅用80% 乙醇提取的银杏叶渣总黄酮相比,其总黄酮提取率增加126.9%,游离苷元提取率增长102.2%。3.0 mg/mL多糖对DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基、羟自由基清除率分别为67.59%、52.56%、56.47%;复合酶辅助醇水溶剂提取法提取的银杏叶渣总黄酮对3种自由基IC50值分别为0.63、1.08、0.35 mg/mL,与溶剂提取法所得银杏叶渣总黄酮IC50相比普遍降低。以上结果表明,银杏叶渣中多糖、总黄酮均具有较优抗氧化活性,复合酶辅助醇水溶剂提取法能够提高银杏叶渣总黄酮中游离苷元含量,且其抗氧化活性也得以提高。

关键词: 银杏叶渣, 多糖, 黄酮, 黄酮苷元, 酶解, 抗氧化活性

Abstract: The polysaccharides and total flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaf residue were obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method and complex enzyme assisted alcohol water solvent extraction method respectively.DPPH free radical,ABTS+free radical and hydroxyl free radical scavenging assays were used to investigate their antioxidant activity in vitro.The results showed that when Ginkgo biloba leaf residue was extracted by pure water at 1∶9 and 85℃ for 3 h,the yield of crude polysaccharide was 17.90% and the extraction rate of polysaccharide was 3.03%. After polysaccharide extraction,Ginkgo biloba leaf residue was added with β‑glucoglycase,cellulase and pectinase(1∶1∶2)complex enzymes,the addition amount was 8.0%,the pH value was 5,and enzymolysis was conducted at 50℃ for 2.5 h.Then,the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaf residue was 0.59‰ under the conditions of 80% ethanol,1∶8 to liquid and 80℃ for 4 h.The extraction rate of three free aglycones(quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin) was 0.93‰.Compared with the total flavonoids extracted by 80% ethanol,the extraction rate of total flavonoids increased by 126.9% and the extraction rate of free aglycones increased by 102.2%.The scavenging rates of DPPH free radical,ABTS+free radical and hydroxyl free radical of 3.0 mg/mL polysaccharide were 67.59%,52.56% and 56.47%,respectively.The IC50 values of total flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaf residue by complex enzyme assisted alcohol water solvent extraction(0.63,1.08 and 0.35 mg/mL)were generally lower than those obtained by solvent extraction.To sum up,polysaccharides and total flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba leaf residue had better antioxidant activities,and the content of free aglycone in total flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba leaf residue and the antioxidant activity were increased by complex enzyme assisted alcohol water solvent extraction method.

Key words: Ginkgo biloba leaf residue, Polysaccharide, Flavonoid, Flavonoid aglycone, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Antioxidant activity

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