河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 124-135.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.02.014

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

钙锌配施对不同番茄品种果实品质的影响

徐梦珠1,杨小慧1,刘燕2,石玉1,宋红霞1,张毅1   

  1. (1.山西农业大学园艺学院,山西 太谷 030801;2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院蔬菜研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031)
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-21 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 张毅(1986-),男,河南洛阳人,教授,博士,主要从事设施蔬菜栽培生理研究。E-mail:harmony1228@163.com
  • 作者简介:徐梦珠(1998-),女,河南南阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:设施蔬菜栽培生理。E-mail:2678098439@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划重点项目子课题(201903D211011-3);“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(211,221)

Effects of Combined Application of Calcium and Zinc on Fruit Quality of Different Tomato Varieties

XU Mengzhu1,YANG Xiaohui1,LIU Yan2,SHI Yu1,SONG Hongxia1,ZHANG Yi1   

  1. (1.College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;2.Institute of Vegetables,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences,Huhhot 010031,China)
  • Received:2022-09-21 Published:2023-02-15 Online:2023-04-03

摘要: 为了明确钙锌配施对不同番茄品种生长发育和果实品质的影响,以浙樱粉1号、苹果型小番茄(黄)、韩国牛奶樱和台湾紫罗兰4个番茄品种为试材,设6个处理:叶面喷施蒸馏水(T1),叶面喷施5 g/LCaCl2(T2)、叶面喷施10 g/L CaCl2(T3)、基施锌肥0.1 g/L+叶面喷施蒸馏水(T4)、基施锌肥0.1 g/L+叶面喷施5 g/L CaCl2(T5)、基施锌肥0.1 g/L+叶面喷施10 g/L CaCl2(T6),研究不同处理对不同番茄品种果实生长特性和品质的影响,并对不同处理番茄果实品质进行主成分分析。结果表明,钙锌配施可以提高番茄单果质量,T5与T2处理相比,浙樱粉1号、苹果型小番茄(黄)和韩国牛奶樱的单果质量分别升高20.60%、51.16%和36.38%;T6与T3处理相比,浙樱粉1号、韩国牛奶樱和台湾紫罗兰的单果质量分别升高35.65%、43.94%和0.65%。同时,钙锌配施能够提高可溶性固形物、维生素C、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,其中T5与T2处理相比,浙樱粉1号果实的可溶性固形物、维生素C、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均显著升高,分别为16.56%、5.06%、33.85%、39.09%、32.46%和19.54%;T6与T3处理相比,台湾紫罗兰果实的可溶性固形物、维生素C、总酚、类黄酮和可溶性蛋白含量均有所升高,分别为8.61%、1.78%、10.85%、16.13%和120.79%。主成分分析计算结果显示,不同处理番茄果实综合评价排名为T5>T6>T4>T2>T3>T1。综上所述,钙锌配施提高了番茄果实的单果质量及可溶性固形物、维生素C、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,其中T5处理的效果最好。

关键词: 番茄, 钙, 锌, 钙锌配施, 果实品质

Abstract: In order to investigate the influence of the combined application of calcium and zinc on different varieties of tomato growth and fruit quality,four tomato varieties,namely,Zheyingfen No.1,Apple Small Tomato(Yellow),Korean Milk Cherry and Taiwan Violet were used as test materials.Six treatments were set in the experiment:spraying distilled water on the leaf surface(T1),foliar spraying 5 g/L CaCl2(T2),foliar spraying 10 g/L CaCl2(T3),basic zinc fertilizer 0.1 g/L+foliar spraying distilled water(T4),basic zinc fertilizer 0.1 g/L+foliar spraying 5 g/L CaCl2(T5),base zinc fertilizer 0.1 g/L+foliar spraying 10 g/L CaCl2(T6),in order to study fruit growth characteristics and quality of different tomato varieties.The quality of tomato fruit was assessed by principal component analysis.The results showed that calcium and zinc application could improve the single fruit weight of tomato. The single fruit weight of Zheyingfen No.1,Apple Small Tomato(Yellow)and Korean Milk Cherry in T5 compared with T2 treatment increased by 20.60%,51.16% and 36.38%,respectively.In T6 compared with T3,the single fruit weight of Zheyingfen No.1,Korean Milk Cherry and Taiwan Violet increased by 35.65%,43.94% and 0.65%.At the same time,calcium and zinc application could improve soluble solids,vitamin C,total phenol,flavonoid,soluble protein and soluble sugar content. Among them,the soluble solids,vitamin C,total phenol,flavonoid,soluble protein and soluble sugar contents of Zheyingfen No.1 fruits were significantly higher in T5 compared with T2 treatment,increased by 16.56%,5.06%,33.85%,39.09%,32.46% and 19.54%,respectively.The soluble solids,vitamin C,total phenol,flavonoid and soluble protein contents of Taiwan Violet fruits were higher in T6 compared with T3 treatment,increased by 8.61%,1.78%,10.85%,16.13% and 120.79%,respectively.The results of the principal component analysis calculations showed that the overall evaluation ranking of tomato fruits from different treatments was T5>T6>T4>T2>T3>T1.From what has been discussed,the calcium and zinc combination increases the single fruit mass,soluble solids,vitamin C,total phenol,flavonoid,soluble protein and soluble sugar contents of tomato fruits,and T5 treatment was the best.

Key words: Tomato, Calcium, Zinc, Combined application of calcium and zinc, Fruit quality

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